IBI310 plus sintilimab vs. placebo plus sintilimab in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: It remains unclear whether adding CTLA-4 blockade to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade improves clinical outcomes in cervical cancer (CC).

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04590599), patients with recurrent/metastatic CC (R/M CC) who experienced disease progression after or during platinum-based chemotherapy were enrolled from 37 centers across China and randomly assigned (1:1), stratified by PD-L1 expression and prior treatment lines, to receive either IBI310 plus sintilimab or placebo plus sintilimab intravenously every 3 weeks for 12 weeks, followed by sintilimab alone.

Long-term Oral Fluoxetine Leads to Reduced Male Reproductive Function in Mice and Gradual Recovery After Discontinuation.

Fluoxetine, a widely used selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), is highly effective in treating psychiatric disorders such as depression. Recently, its potential negative impact on male reproductive function has recently raised concerns, but it remains unknown whether testicular damage from long-term fluoxetine exposure can recover after stopping the drug. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control (saline) and treatment (fluoxetine, 20mg/kg.

Molecular mechanism of Yersinia ruckeri Flagellin C (FliC) induced intestinal inflammation in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).

Yersinia ruckeri is known to cause enteric red mouth disease (ERM) in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). This study established a model of Y. ruckeri-induced intestinal inflammation in channel catfish.

Efficacy of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation in lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Although previous studies have shown that preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation training may improve postoperative prognosis in patients with lung cancer, the literature included in the existing meta-analysis is highly heterogeneous and lacks effective subgroup analysis. Therefore, an updated meta-analysis is needed to integrate the latest published randomized controlled clinical trials (RCT). This updated analysis was performed to identify the clinical effects of preoperative pulmonary rehabilitation on physical rehabilitation (lung function, activity endurance, and dyspnea), psychological rehabilitation, quality of life, length of hospital stay, and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients with lung cancer.

A DNA phosphorothioation pathway via adenylated intermediate modulates Tdp machinery.

In prokaryotes, the non-bridging oxygen in the DNA sugar-phosphate backbone can be enzymatically replaced by a sulfur atom, resulting in phosphorothioate (PT) modification. However, the mechanism underlying the oxygen-to-sulfur substitution remains enigmatic. In this study, we discovered a hypercompact DNA phosphorothioation system, TdpABC, in extreme thermophiles.

Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the fear and avoidance of memory loss scale in a Chinese context.

Objectives: To cross-culturally adapt the Fear and Avoidance of Memory Loss (FAM) scale and assess the psychometric properties in the Chinese cultural context.

Method: Following Beaton's guidelines, the FAM scale was translated and adapted. A cross-sectional study assessed its psychometric properties, including internal consistency (coefficient omega, Cronbach's alpha), test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients), and criterion and content validity.

Identification of novel phenolic inhibitors from traditional Chinese medicine against toxic α-synuclein aggregation via regulating phase separation.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder without cure, is characterized by the pathological aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) in Lewy bodies. Classic deposition pathway and condensation pathway contribute to α-Syn aggregation, and liquid-liquid phase separation is the driving force for condensate formation, which subsequently undergo liquid-solid phase separation to form toxic fibrils. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history in treating neurodegenerative disease; herein, we identified chemicals from herbs that inhibit α-Syn aggregation.

The Relationship Between the Neighbourhood Environment and Mental Health: Integrating Subjective and Objective Perspectives.

Aims: To explore the relationship between neighbourhood environments and mental health by integrating subjective and objective perspectives.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: From September 2023 to January 2024, adult residents at the physical examination centers of two public hospitals in China completed measurements of subjective neighbourhood environment, depressive and anxiety symptoms, psychological stress, and socio-demographic characteristics.

Risk Factors for Hypothermia during Laparoscopic or Open Surgery of Colorectal Cancer under General Anesthesia.

Aim: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies, which is commonly treated with curative surgical resection, often leading to intraoperative hypothermia. Therefore, this study aimed to compare and analyze the risk factors for intraoperative hypothermia associated with laparoscopic and open CRC resections under general anesthesia.

Methods: This study included 120 CRC patients admitted between January 2023 and January 2024.

Improved Predictability of Diagnosis and Prognosis Using Serum- and Tissue-Derived Extracellular Vesicles From Bulk mRNA Sequencing in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Early-stage pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently misdiagnosed, contributing to its high mortality rate. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers for the early detection of PDAC.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using exosomal miRNAs from PDAC tissues and serum as biomarkers for early detection and prognosis.

Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii lung abscess and empyema in a patient with fulminant mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a pathogen that typically causes nosocomial infections. Its resistance to multiple antibiotics poses significant challenges for treatment. Fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (FMPP) is relatively rare despite Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is common among children and young adults.

Assessing the relationship between the distress levels in patients with irreversible terminal delirium and the good quality of death from the perspective of bereaved family.

Background: Research on achieving a good death for terminally delirious patients is scarce, with limited knowledge about the level of good death and influencing factors. This study investigates the level of good death among delirium patients, factors influencing it, and the correlation between distress, end-of-life care needs, and achieving a good death by surveying bereaved family members of deceased patients in Chinese hospitals.

Methods: This cross-sectional study from January 2022 to January 2024 was conducted among bereaved family members of patients using an online questionnaire.

Assessing cross-country inequalities in global burden of gastrointestinal cancers: slope and concentration index approach.

Purpose: New cases and deaths of gastrointestinal cancers are predicted to increase significantly by 2040. This study aims to explore cross-country inequalities and trends in global burdens of colon and rectum cancer (CRC), esophageal cancer (EC) and gastric cancer (GC).

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 were analyzed to examine trends in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for three gastrointestinal cancers with estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) and Joinpoint analysis.

Dual-layer microneedles with NO/O releasing for diabetic wound healing via neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and immune modulation.

Diabetic wounds present multiple functional impairments, including neurovascular dysregulation, oxidative imbalance, and immune dysfunction, making wound healing particularly challenging, while traditional therapeutical strategies fail to address these complex issues effectively. Herein, we propose a strategy utilizing dual-layer microneedles to deliver therapeutic gases by modulating neurovascular coupling and immune functions for diabetic wound treatment. The microneedle can respond to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the diabetic microenvironment and subsequently generate oxygen (O) and nitric oxide (NO).

Global assessment of leukemia care quality: insights from the quality of care index (QCI) from 1990 to 2021.

Background: While advancements in leukemia care have been made, the global quality of care remains a concern. This study utilizes a modified quality of care index (QCI) to assess the global status of leukemia care.

Methods: We analyzed data from the global burden of disease (GBD) study spanning 1990-2021.

Prediction of Acute Kidney Injury for Critically Ill Cardiogenic Shock Patients with Machine Learning Algorithms.

Background: The aim of this study was to use five machine learning approaches and logistic regression to design and validate the acute kidney injury (AKI) prediction model for critically ill individuals with cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods: All patients who diagnosed with CS from the MIMIC-IV database, the eICU database, and Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan university were included in this study. Clinical information, including demographics, comorbidities, vital signs, critical illness scores and laboratory tests was retrospectively collected.

An engineered adeno-associated virus mediates efficient blood-brain barrier penetration with enhanced neurotropism and reduced hepatotropism.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a formidable barrier that restricts the entry of substances into the brain, complicating the study of brain function and the treatment of neurological conditions. Traditional methods of delivering genes from the periphery to the central nervous system (CNS) using adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) often require high doses, which can trigger immune responses and hepatotoxicity. Here, we developed a new AAV variant named AAVhu.

Efficacy of internet-delivered universal and tailored transdiagnostic interventions for anxiety and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Internet-delivered transdiagnostic psychological interventions are promising approaches for the treatment of anxiety and depression. This study aimed to review and synthesize evidence related to the effectiveness of Internet-based transdiagnostic interventions for reducing anxiety and depression, and to compare the effects of universal versus tailored interventions.

Methods: A Systematic review search was conducted on the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Medline, and CINAHL databases as of 28 March 2024.

High-selenium exposure is associated with modulation of serum lipid metabolism.

At present, there is no consensus on the relationship between selenium (Se) exposure and human serum lipid metabolism. The etiological role of high-Se exposure in lipid markers, dyslipidemia, and nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) remains unclear. We used serum untargeted metabolomics analysis to evaluate whether high-Se exposure is cross-sectionally associated with lipid metabolism in adults from high-Se exposure area (n = 112) and control area (n = 101) in Hubei Province, China.

Cpeb1 remodels cell type-specific translational program to promote fear extinction.

Protein translation is crucial for fear extinction, a process vital for adaptive behavior and mental health, yet the underlying cell-specific mechanisms remain elusive. Using a Tet-On 3G genetic approach, we achieved precise temporal control over protein translation in the infralimbic medial prefrontal cortex () during fear extinction. In addition, our results reveal that the disruption of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (Cpeb1) leads to notable alterations in cell type-specific translational programs, thereby affecting fear extinction.