Prevalence and intervention of preoperative anemia in Chinese adults: A retrospective cross-sectional study based on national preoperative anemia database.

Background: Preoperative anemia is an important pillar of perioperative patient blood management. However, there was no literature comprehensively described the current situation of preoperative anemia in China.

Methods: We conducted a national retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence and intervention of preoperative anemia in Chinese adults.

Elevated triglyceride-glucose index predicts risk of incident ischaemic stroke: The Rural Chinese cohort study.

Aim: As the association between insulin resistance and ischaemic stroke is conflicting, our study aimed to examine the association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG), a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and incident ischaemic stroke, and also to further assess the potential effect of modification by several known risk factors of stroke.

Methods: The Rural Chinese Cohort Study enrolled 11,777 participants, aged ≥40 years, who were free of stroke and cardiovascular disease at baseline during 2007-2008, and who were then followed during 2013-2014. TyG was determined using the following formula: Ln[fasting triglycerides (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2].

Clone, expression and plasminogen binding property of three fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases from Clonorchis sinensis.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FbA), a well characterized glycometabolism enzyme, has been found to participate in other important processes besides the classic catalysis. To understand the important functions of three fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases from Clonorchis sinensis (CsFbAs, CsFbA-1/2/3) in host-parasite interplay, the open reading frames of CsFbAs were cloned into pET30a (+) vector and the resulting recombinant plasmids were transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) for expression of the proteins. Purified recombinant CsFbAs proteins (rCsFbAs) were approximately 45.

Neuroprotective effects of Shende'an tablet in the Parkinson's disease model.

Background: Shende'an tablet (SDA) is a newly capsuled Chinese herbal formula derived from the Chinese traditional medicine Zhengan Xifeng Decoction which is approved for the treatment of neurasthenia and insomnia in China. This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of SDA against Parkinson's disease (PD) in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: In the present work, the neuroprotective effects and mechanism of SDA were evaluated in the cellular PD model.

Circular RNA ITCH suppresses proliferation, invasion, and glycolysis of ovarian cancer cells by up-regulating CDH1 via sponging miR-106a.

Background: Accumulating data suggested that circular RNAs (circRNAs) played important roles in the development of human cancer. However, the potential mechanism of circRNAs in ovarian cancer remains unclear.

Methods: Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the levels of circRNA itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (circ-ITCH), microRNA-106a (miR-106a) and E-cadherin (CDH1).

Study of correlations between metabolic risk factors, PWV and hypertension in college students.

Obesity, dyslipidemia and diabetes have been recognized as risk factors of hypertension in the general population. This study focused on college students and correlations between serum lipids, serum uric acid, fasting plasma glucose, serum creatinine, body mass index, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and hypertension. The results suggested that there was no relevance between serum lipids and hypertension.

[The sex- and age-specific association between resting heart rate and hypertension in rural adult residents of Henan province].

To investigate the sex- and age-specific association between resting heart rate and hypertension in rural adult residents of Henan province. At baseline, a total of 20 194 participants were randomly selected from Xin'an County of Henan province between July 2007 and August 2008. After excluding participants with hypertension or without resting heart rate data at baseline, and participants died or without hypertension outcome or diagnosed as gestational hypertension during follow-up between July 2013 and October 2014, 10 212 participants were finally included in this study.

Metabolically healthy general and abdominal obesity are associated with increased risk of hypertension.

Metabolically healthy obesity refers to a subset of obese people with a normal metabolic profile. We aimed to explore the association between metabolically healthy and obesity status and risk of hypertension among Chinese adults from The Rural Chinese Cohort Study. This prospective cohort study enrolled 9137 Chinese adults without hypertension, type 2 diabetes or treatment for lipid abnormality at baseline (2007-2008) and followed up during 2013-2014.

Hyperinsulinemia Can Cause Kidney Disease in the IGT Stage of OLETF Rats via the INS/IRS-1/PI3-K/Akt Signaling Pathway.

Aims: We investigated the changes of renal structure and its function in normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), diabetes mellitus (DM), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) stages in OLETF rats and explored the role of the INS/IRS-1/PI3-K/Akt signaling pathway.

Methods: OLETF rats were assigned into four groups on the basis of OGTT results and 24 h urinary microalbumin: NGT, IGT, DM, and DKD groups. The changes of renal structure and function and the corresponding pathological changes were observed.

Resting heart rate and its dynamic change and the risk of hypertension: The Rural Chinese Cohort Study.

The sex- and age-specific relation in the association of resting heart rate (RHR) and its change and risk of hypertension remains unclear. We prospectively estimated the incidence of hypertension among 9969 nonhypertensive adults participating in The Rural Chinese Cohort Study. Self-reported questionnaires and anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected at baseline (2007-2008) and follow-up (2013-2014).

Study of the relationship between how ethanol affects learning and memory and the expression of p21 in the female mouse hippocampus.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of ethanol on learning and memory in female mice and the corresponding interaction with histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1), estrogen receptor α(ERα) and p21 . Data from the Morris water maze test showed that mice in the 50% ethanol group might experience cognitive impairment, while mice in the 2% ethanol group might experience enhanced cognitive capabilities. The number of damaged neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area in the 50% ethanol group was higher than the numbers observed in other groups.

Extracellular matrix derived by human umbilical cord-deposited mesenchymal stem cells accelerates chondrocyte proliferation and differentiation potential in vitro.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and intricate three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment with excellent biophysical, biomechanical, and biochemical properties that may directly or indirectly regulate cell behavior, including proliferation, adhesion, migration, and differentiation. Compared with tissue-derived ECM, cell-derived ECM potentially has more advantages, including less potential for pathogen transfer, fewer inflammatory or anti-host immune responses, and a closer resemblance to the native ECM microenvironment. Different types of cell-derived ECM, such as adipose stem cells, synovium-derived stem cells and bone marrow stromal cells, their effects on articular chondrocytes which have been researched.

Genome-Wide Profiling of the Toxic Effect of Bortezomib on Human Esophageal Carcinoma Epithelial Cells.

Objectives: Bortezomib has been widely used to treat multiple myeloma and other hematological malignancies. However, not much is known about its effect on solid tumors. The aim of this study was to study the effect of Bortezomib on human esophageal cancer cell lines and investigate the potential target pathways.

The mechanisms of glycemic variability accelerate diabetic central neuropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in diabetic rats.

The effect of glycemic variability (GV) on diabetic neuropathy, including diabetic central neuropathy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and the involved mechanism are not fully understood. In this study, a fluctuant hyperglycemia rat model was induced by alternate intraperitoneal injections of glucose and insulin. To assess diabetic central neuropathy, step-down type passive avoidance tests were conducted, and the expression levels of p-Tau, T-Tau, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, p-Akt, and Akt in the hippocampus were measured.

YAP1-TEAD1-Glut1 axis dictates the oncogenic phenotypes of breast cancer cells by modulating glycolysis.

Altered energy metabolism is a universal property of most cancer cells. The Hippo signaling pathway and its principal downstream effector YAP1 are responsible for tissue homeostasis including organ size, cell proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway leads to the activation of YAP1 and further culminates in the development of multiple human cancers.

Regulation of miR-92a on vascular endothelial aging via mediating Nrf2-KEAP1-ARE signal pathway.

Objective: Various human aging-related diseases start with vascular aging, in which the aging of vascular endothelium is the first step to cause a structural and functional deficit of vascular endothelium, leading to vascular disorders. MicroRNA (miR) participates in various processes of body development and pathological processes via mediating cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. A previous study showed the correlation between cardiovascular disease and miR-92a, whose role and mechanism in vascular endothelial aging has not been reported.

Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin versus metformin uptitration in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin monotherapy: a randomized, open-label, prospective study (VISION).

Aims: To compare the efficacy and safety of combination of vildagliptin and metformin therapy with metformin uptitration in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) inadequately controlled with low-dose metformin.

Methods: In this 24-week prospective, randomized, multicentre, open-label study, patients with T2DM inadequately controlled with metformin ≤1000 mg daily were divided 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 into four prespecified subgroups based on age and body mass index (BMI). Patients in each subgroup were randomized 5 : 1 to receive either vildagliptin (50 mg twice daily) plus metformin [500 mg twice daily; vildagliptin and low-dose metformin (VLDM) group] or metformin uptitration [1000 mg twice daily; high-dose metformin (HDM) group].

XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism is not associated with breast cancer in Chinese.

Background: A number of studies have been conducted to explore the association of XRCC1 polymorphisms with Breast cancer (BC) risk in Asians, but the results have been inconsistent. We therefore performed the present meta-analysis to explore the relationship in detail.

Materials And Methods: Reported studies were searched from 1990 to October 15, 2014 in PubMed and Wan fang Med Online.

Telmisartan inhibits the proinflammatory effects of homocysteine on human endothelial cells through activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibition capacity of telmisartan to endothelial inflammation induced by homocysteine (Hcy) and discuss the proposed mechanism in vitro. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were prepared by collagenase digestion and cultured in vitro. An increase in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as markers of Hcy-induced endothelial inflammation.