Recent Progress of CircRNAs in Hematological Malignancies.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are now recognized as key regulators in the epigenetic control of genetic expression, being involved in a wide range of cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Their unique closed-loop structure endows them with stability and resistance to exonuclease degradation, making them not only key regulatory molecules within the cell but also promising biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis, particularly in hematological malignancies. This review comprehensively explores the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis, progression, and therapeutic resistance of common hematological malignancies.

Pathogen detection by targeted next-generation sequencing test in adult hematological malignancies patients with suspected infections.

Background: Infections in patients with hematological malignancies (HM) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Timely and effective empirical anti-infective treatment can reduce the infection-related mortality rate. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) offers a rapid diagnostic approach for identifying diverse pathogens in these patients.

Screening of a Prognostic Gene Signature for Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia Based on Altered Circulating CircRNA Profiles.

Background: Relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia (R/R-AML) has dismal prognosis due to chemotherapy resistance. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have shown emerging roles in chemotherapy resistance in various cancers including hematologic malignancies. However, the potential roles of circRNAs in AML progression and drug resistance remain largely undetermined.

Could effective iodine-131 half-life be extended by lithium carbonate in Graves' disease patients: Results from a retrospective analysis.

The effective iodine-131 (I-131) half-life (EHL) plays an important role in the evaluation of radioactive iodine therapy for Graves' disease (GD) patients. It has been observed that the EHL of GD patients varies after taking lithium carbonate. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether EHL can be extended and to identify the predictive factors associated with this outcome.

KMT2A and chronic inflammation as potential drivers of sporadic parathyroid adenoma.

Background: Sporadic parathyroid adenoma (PA) is the most common cause of hyperparathyroidism, yet the mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis remain incompletely understood.

Methods: Surgically removed PA samples, along with normal parathyroid gland (PG) tissues that were incidentally dissected during total thyroidectomy, were analysed using single-cell RNA-sequencing with the 10× Genomics Chromium Droplet platform and Cell Ranger software. Gene set variation analysis was conducted to characterise hallmark pathway gene signatures, and single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering were utilised to analyse transcription factor regulons.

Primary pancreatic peripheral T-cell lymphoma: A case report.

Background: Primary pancreatic lymphoma (PPL) is an exceedingly rare tumor with limited mention in scientific literature. The clinical manifestations of PPL are often nonspecific, making it challenging to distinguish this disease from other pancreatic-related diseases. Chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for these individuals.

Extramedullary infiltration in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia: Results from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) initiative.

Background: The outcome of extramedullary infiltration (EMI) in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is controversial, and little is known about the implications of stem cell transplantation (SCT) and gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) treatment on patients with EMI.

Methods: We retrieved the clinical data of 713 pediatric patients with AML from the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) dataset, and analyzed the clinical and prognostic characteristics of patients with EMI at diagnosis and relapse.

Results: A total of 123 patients were identified to have EMI at diagnosis and 64 presented with EMI at relapse.

Assessment of Lung Nodule Detection and Lung CT Screening Reporting and Data System Classification Using Zero Echo Time Pulmonary MRI.

Background: The detection rate of lung nodules has increased considerably with CT as the primary method of examination, and the repeated CT examinations at 3 months, 6 months or annually, based on nodule characteristics, have increased the radiation exposure of patients. So, it is urgent to explore a radiation-free MRI examination method that can effectively address the challenges posed by low proton density and magnetic field inhomogeneities.

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of zero echo time (ZTE) MRI in lung nodule detection and lung CT screening reporting and data system (lung-RADS) classification, and to explore the value of ZTE-MRI in the assessment of lung nodules.

CD7-positive leukemic blasts with mutations predict poor prognosis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: mutations can be detected in premalignant hematopoietic stem cells and are primarily associated with clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential; however, current evidence does not support assigning them to a distinct European Leukemia Net (ELN) prognostic risk stratification. CD7 is a lymphoid antigen expressed on blasts in approximately 30% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and its role in AML remains unclear and depends on subgroup evaluation. This study investigated the prognostic value of mutation combined with CD7 expression in AML.

A blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm-like immunophenotype is negatively associated with CEBPA bZIP mutation and predicts unfavorable prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive myeloid malignancy which characteristically expresses an atypical phenotype including CD123+, CD56+, and CD4+. We are aimed to investigate the clinical and prognostic characteristics of AML patients exhibiting BPDCN-like immunophenotype and provide additional insights for risk stratification of AML. A total of 241 newly diagnosed AML patients were enrolled in this retrospective study and categorized into BPDCN-like positive (n = 125)/negative (n = 116) groups, determined by the present with CD123+ along with either CD56+ or CD4+, or both.

Blood-labyrinth barrier breakdown in Meniere's disease.

Objective: We compared the signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the cochlear basal turn between Meniere's disease and healthy controls to investigate potential damage of the blood-labyrinth barrier in Meniere's disease.

Methods: Thirty patients diagnosed with unilateral definite Meniere's disease and 24 healthy controls were enrolled. 3D-FLAIR scan was conducted to assess the grades of endolymphatic hydrops in Meniere's patients while measuring the SIR of cochlear basal turns in both groups.

Correlation between red blood cell distribution width/platelet count and prognosis of newly diagnosed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Background: Red blood cell distribution width/platelet count ratio (RPR) is a reliable prognostic assessment indicator for numerous diseases. However, no studies to date have examined the relationship between RPR and the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between RPR and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Abnormal spontaneous brain activity in females with autism spectrum disorders.

Objectives: To date, most studies on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have focused on sample sets that were primarily or entirely composed of males; brain spontaneous activity changes in females remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore changes in the brain spontaneous neural activity in females with ASD.

Methods: In this study, resting-state functional magnetic resonance images (rs-fMRI) of 41 females with ASD and 41 typically developing (TD) controls were obtained from the ABDIE database.

Imaging Assessment of the Efficacy of Chemotherapy in Primary Malignant Bone Tumors: Recent Advances in Qualitative and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Radiomics.

Recent studies have shown that MRI demonstrates promising results for evaluating the chemotherapy efficacy in bone sarcomas. This article reviews current methods for evaluating the efficacy of malignant bone tumors and the application of MRI in this area, and emphasizes the advantages and limitations of each modality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.

High Red Blood Cell Distribution Width to Platelet Ratio is an Independent Poor Prognostic Factor in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma.

Background: The red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio (RPR) is an inflammatory marker that is a convenient and reliable prognostic indicator for several solid malignancies. However, the correlation between RPR and myeloma prognosis has not been reported. Therefore, this study aims to explore the correlation between RPR level and the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.

Differential effects of recombinant human thrombopoietin on clinical outcomes in CD7-positive and CD7-negative acute myeloid leukaemia.

To investigate the effect of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) application on the clinical outcomes of CD7-positive acute myeloid leukaemia (CD7 + AML) patients following chemotherapy, we retrospectively studied 159 newly diagnosed non-M3 AML patients. Patients were divided into the following four groups according to the expression of CD7 in AML blasts and the use of rhTPO after chemotherapy: the CD7 + rhTPO group (n = 41), the CD7 + non-rhTPO group (n = 42), the CD7 negative (CD7-) rhTPO group (n = 37), and the CD7- non-rhTPO group (n = 39). The complete remission rate was higher in the CD7 + rhTPO group than in the CD7 + non-rhTPO group.

Spontaneous healing and complete disappearance of an intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm: A case report.

Rationale: Intracranial vertebrobasilar dissecting aneurysms (VBDAs) are associated with a greater tendency to rupture and a greater risk of worse outcomes than anterior circulation aneurysms. Spontaneous healing of a VBDA is very rare, and there have been very few case reports of spontaneous healing of an aneurysm. We describe a case of intracranial vertebral artery dissecting aneurysm that healed spontaneously and disappeared completely on follow-up images.

Application of diffusion kurtosis imaging and F-FDG PET in evaluating the subtype, stage and proliferation status of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Lung cancer has become one of the deadliest tumors in the world. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer, accounting for approximately 80%-85% of all lung cancer cases. This study aimed to investigate the value of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and 2-[F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (F-FDG PET) in differentiating squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) and to evaluate the correlation of each parameter with stage and proliferative status Ki-67.

Identification of macrophage correlated biomarkers to predict the prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: It has been shown that tumor-associated immune cells, particularly macrophages, play a fundamental role in the development and treatment response of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). However, little is known about macrophages at the single cellular level of ICC patients.

Methods: ScRNA-seq from Zhang et al.

Conservative Therapy vs. Endovascular Approach for Intracranial Vertebrobasilar Artery Trunk Large Aneurysms: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Intracranial vertebrobasilar trunk large (≥10 mm) aneurysms (IVBTLAs) are rare and challenging to manage. In this study, we describe the natural prognosis and evaluate the safety and efficacy of endovascular treatment of IVBTLAs compared with conservative therapy.

Methods: This prospective multicenter cohort study included patients with IVBTLAs, who chose either endovascular treatment (endovascular group) or conservative therapy (conservative group) after discussion with their doctors.

SIRPα and PD1 expression on tumor-associated macrophage predict prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: The phagocytosis checkpoints of CD47/SIRPα, PD1/PDL1, CD24/SIGLEC10, and MHC/LILRB1 have shown inhibited phagocytosis of macrophages in distinct tumors. However, phagocytosis checkpoints and their therapeutic significance remain largely unknown in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) patients.

Methods: We analyzed sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and identified differently expressed genes between tumors and para-tumors.

The Prognostic Significance of C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukaemia Patients.

Background: The ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin (CAR) is an inflammatory marker that has been demonstrated to be a simple and reliable prognostic factor in several solid tumours and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). However, no studies have investigated the prognostic value of the CAR in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).

Objectives And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 212 newly diagnosed non-M3 AML patients.

Predictive factors for differentiating thrombohemorrhagic disorders in high-risk acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Introduction: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is often accompanied by potentially fatal coagulopathy, especially in high-risk APL. Bleeding, particularly severe bleeding is the leading cause of early death (ED). Meanwhile, thrombosis, the other major coagulopathic complication, is being increasingly recognized.