A DNA origami-based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor for chemodynamic cancer therapy and activation of antitumor immunity.

Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a promising and potent therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cancer. We developed a DNA origami-based enzymatic cascade nanoreactor (DOECN) containing spatially well-organized Au nanoparticles and ferric oxide (FeO) nanoclusters for targeted delivery and inhibition of tumor cell growth. The DOECN can synergistically promote the generation of hydrogen peroxide (HO), consumption of glutathione, and creation of an acidic environment, thereby amplifying the Fenton-type reaction and producing abundant reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), for augmenting the CDT outcome.

Intercalation-Induced Interlayer and Defect Engineering in TiCT MXene for Ultralow-Reflection Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Interlayer and defect engineering significantly affects the electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of TiCT MXene. Previous studies have prioritized the size of the intercalant over its synergy with chemical affinity, limiting the elucidation of the intercalation mechanism and the precise control of the interlayer spacing (spacing). Herein, we synthesize MXene aerogels with a tunable spacing and defect density using a series of amine molecules of different sizes and chemical affinities as intercalants and cross-linkers.

Aqueous Alkaline Zinc-Iodine Battery with Two-Electron Transfer.

While many cathode materials have been developed for mild electrolyte-based Zn batteries, the lack of cathode materials hinders the progress of alkaline zinc batteries. Halide iodine, with its copious valence nature and redox possibilities, is considered a promising candidate. However, energetic alkaline iodine redox chemistry is impeded by an alkali-unadapted I element cathode and thermodynamically unstable reaction products.

CHI-KAT8i5 suppresses ESCC tumor growth by inhibiting KAT8-mediated c-Myc stability.

The integrated analysis of histone modifier enzymes in solid tumors, especially in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), is still inadequate. Here, we investigate the expression levels of histone modifier enzymes in ESCC tissues. Notably, KAT8 (lysine acetyltransferase 8) is identified as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in ESCC.

Epidemiological and Molecular Investigation of Feline Panleukopenia Virus Infection in China.

The feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is a highly contagious virus that affects cats worldwide, characterized by leukopenia, high temperature and diarrhea. Recently, the continuous prevalence and variation of FPV have attracted widespread concern. The aim of this study was to investigate the isolation, genetic evolution, molecular characterization and epidemiological analysis of FPV strains among cats and dogs in China from 2019 to 2024.

FP-YOLOv8: Surface Defect Detection Algorithm for Brake Pipe Ends Based on Improved YOLOv8n.

To address the limitations of existing deep learning-based algorithms in detecting surface defects on brake pipe ends, a novel lightweight detection algorithm, FP-YOLOv8, is proposed. This algorithm is developed based on the YOLOv8n framework with the aim of improving accuracy and model lightweight design. First, the C2f_GhostV2 module has been designed to replace the original C2f module.

Knowledge Reasoning- and Progressive Distillation-Integrated Detection of Electrical Construction Violations.

To address the difficulty in detecting workers' violation behaviors in electric power construction scenarios, this paper proposes an innovative method that integrates knowledge reasoning and progressive multi-level distillation techniques. First, standards, norms, and guidelines in the field of electric power construction are collected to build a comprehensive knowledge graph, aiming to provide accurate knowledge representation and normative analysis. Then, the knowledge graph is combined with the object-detection model in the form of triplets, where detected objects and their interactions are represented as subject-predicate-object relationship.

YOLO-BOS: An Emerging Approach for Vehicle Detection with a Novel BRSA Mechanism.

In intelligent transportation systems, accurate vehicle target recognition within road scenarios is crucial for achieving intelligent traffic management. Addressing the challenges posed by complex environments and severe vehicle occlusion in such scenarios, this paper proposes a novel vehicle-detection method, YOLO-BOS. First, to bolster the feature-extraction capabilities of the backbone network, we propose a novel Bi-level Routing Spatial Attention (BRSA) mechanism, which selectively filters features based on task requirements and adjusts the importance of spatial locations to more accurately enhance relevant features.

Method for Correcting Error Due to Self-Heating of Resistance Temperature Detectors Suitable for Metrology in Industry 4.0.

This study contributes to improving the accuracy of temperature measurements with a platinum resistance temperature detector (RTD) by proposing techniques to mitigate the error due to self-heating by the operating current. An assessment of the measurement errors of the platinum RTD was carried out to study ways to improve their accuracy. High accuracy can be achieved by individual calibration using a voltage divider circuit to measure resistance, the substitution method, and the transitional measure.

Fabrication and Characterization of Phyllanthus Emblica Extract-Polyvinyl Alcohol/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium Antioxidant Hydrogel and Its Application in Wound Healing.

: Phyllanthus emblica is a medicinal and edible plant from the Euphorbiaceae family, notable for its rich content of polyphenols and flavonoids, which provide significant antioxidant properties. To exploit the full antioxidant potential of Phyllanthus emblica, this study developed a hydrogel system incorporating polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na), integrated with Phyllanthus emblica extract, for the purpose of wound healing. : The extraction process of active ingredients of Phyllanthus emblica was optimized and assessed the antioxidant composition and activity of the extract.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the G-Protein Gene Family in Barley Under Abiotic Stresses.

Heterotrimeric G-proteins are fundamental signal transducers highly conserved in plant species, which play crucial roles in regulating plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses. Identification of G-protein members and their expression patterns in plants are essential for improving crop resilience against environmental stresses. Here, we identified eight heterotrimeric G-protein genes localized on four chromosomes within the barley genome by using comprehensive genome-wide analysis.

Effects of Different Microplastics on Wheat's ( L.) Growth Characteristics and Rhizosphere Soil Environment.

In order to reveal the effects of microplastics (MPs) on the growth and rhizosphere soil environmental effects of wheat ( L.), three microplastic types (polypropylene MPs (PP-MPs), high-density polyethylene MPs (HDPE-MPs), and polylactic acid MPs (PLA-MPs)), particle sizes (150, 1000, and 4000 μm), and concentrations (0.1, 0.

A Mechanism of Reducing Methane Production During Sewage Sludge Composting by Adding Urea.

The study of the effect of the mechanism of urea addition to sewage sludge and sawdust-composting substrates on methane production is still limited. In the present study, the systematic investigation of the effect of urea addition (0.18, 0.

Differences in the Microbial Composition and Function of the Rhizosphere Under Different Cultivation Conditions.

Rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in the health and development of root systems. Investigating the microbial composition of the rhizosphere is central to understanding the inter-root microbial function of under various cultivation conditions. To complement the metagenomic study of the rhizosphere, here, an amplicon-based metagenomic survey of bacteria and fungi was selected as a practical approach to analyzing the abundance, diversity index, and community structure of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi, as well as to study the effects of different cultivation methods on rhizosphere microbial diversity.

Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Glycosyltransferases in .

Corn leaf blight and stem rot caused by are significant diseases that severely affect corn crops. Glycosyltransferases (GTs) catalyze the transfer of sugar residues to diverse receptor molecules, participating in numerous biological processes and facilitating functions ranging from structural support to signal transduction. This study identified 101 genes through functional annotation of the TZ-3 genome.

Novel Nuclease MbovP701 with a Yqaj Domain Is Interrelated with the Growth of .

() is characterized by a reduced genomic size and limited synthetic capacity, including the inability to synthesize nucleotides de novo, relies on nucleases for nutrient acquisition and survival. A number of nucleases have been implicated in pathogenicity, facilitating substrate degradation and contributing to DNA repair mechanisms that enhance bacterial persistence. The present study confirmed that the T5.

Ultrasound Treatment Combined with Rhamnolipids for Eliminating the Biofilm of .

Biofilm formation by is a major cause of secondary food contamination, leading to significant economic losses. While rhamnolipids (RLs) have shown effectiveness against , their ability to remove biofilms is limited when used alone. Ultrasound (US) is a non-thermal sterilization technique that has been found to enhance the delivery of antimicrobial agents, but it is not highly effective on its own.

Dual Roles of Heterotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria in Enhancing Compensatory Growth upon Post-Drought in Maize.

This study investigates the mechanisms driving maize compensatory growth upon post-drought, to reveal how the root's original cytokinins are regulated by the two-fold roles of heterotrophic bacteria with ammonia-oxidizing (HAOB) capabilities. The HAOB' dual roles encompass influencing root cytokinin synthesis and transport through nitrification and a direct pathway. Experiment 1 involved introducing the application of varying amounts of NO to the roots to examine how nitrification affects cytokinin roots-to-leaves transport.

Safety Evaluation of the Combination with Dexrazoxane and Anthracyclines: A Disproportionality Analysis Based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System Database.

: As one of the important interventions to alleviate anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity (ARC), the safety assessment of dexrazoxane in clinical practice is particularly important. This study aims to evaluate the actual efficacy and potential adverse effects of dexrazoxane in clinical practice by analyzing the reports of adverse events (AEs) related to the combination with dexrazoxane and anthracyclines. : We utilized four disproportionality analysis methods to analyze AE reports of the combination with dexrazoxane and anthracyclines in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from the third quarter of 2014 to the first quarter of 2024.

Electrochemical Mill Grinding of (TiB+TiC)/Ti6Al4V Composites Using Abrasive Tool with Bottom Outlet Holes.

Difficult-to-cut titanium matrix composites (TMCs) are widely used in the aerospace, automotive, and defense sectors due to their excellent physical properties. Electrochemical mill grinding (ECMG) can achieve the processing effects of electrochemical milling and electrochemical grinding using the same tool, which has the potential to complete the rough and finish machining of TMCs in succession. However, in the rough machining stage, the bottom of the slot becomes concave due to the inevitable stray corrosion, leading to poor flatness, which increases the machining allowance for subsequent finish machining.

A Simple and Rapid "Turn-On" Fluorescent Probe Based on Binuclear Schiff Base for Zn and Its Application in Cell Imaging and Test Strips.

A series of colorful binuclear Schiff bases derived from the different diamine bridges including 1,2- ethylenediamine (bis-Et-SA, bis-Et-4-NEt, bis-Et-5-NO, bis-Et-Naph), 1,2-phenylenediamine (bis-Ph-SA, bis-Ph-4-NEt, bis-Ph-5-NO, bis-Ph-Naph), dicyano-1,2-ethenediamine (bis-CN-SA, bis-CN-4-NEt, bis-CN-5-NO, bis-CN-Naph) have been designed and prepared. The optical properties of these binuclear Schiff base ligands were fully determined by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence emission spectroscopy, and time-dependent-density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. The inclusion of D-A systems and/or π-extended systems in these binuclear Schiff base ligands not only enables adjustable RGB light absorption and emission spectra (300~700 nm) but also yields high fluorescence quantum efficiencies of up to 0.

Determination of Shear Strength Parameters of Concrete Materials Based on the Rectangular Section Splitting Method.

This paper introduces an alternative method for determining the shear strength parameters of concrete materials, specifically the rectangular section splitting method, to ascertain the shear strength parameters of concrete materials. Based on the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion, formulas for calculating the cohesion (c) and the angle of internal friction (φ) of concrete materials are derived. Numerical simulation is employed to fit and solve for the coefficients involved in the formulas.

Synthesis and Phase Evolution of a Nanocrystalline FeCrNiAl (x = 1.0, 0.5, 0.25) High-Entropy Alloys by Mechanical Alloying.

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) with ultrafine grained and high strength can be prepared by mechanical alloying (MA) followed by sintering. Therefore, MA, as a unique solid powder processing method, has many effects on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the sintered bulk HEAs. This work focused on the alloying behavior, morphology, and phase evolution of FeCrNiAl (x = 1.

Improving the Antioxidant Properties of Tin-Based Perovskite for the Enhanced Performance of Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diodes Through the Synergy of Sn and SnF.

Tin-based perovskite has emerged as an excellent luminescent material due to its non-toxicity and narrow bandgap compared to lead-based perovskite. However, its tin ions are easily oxidized by oxygen, which leads to increased vacancy defects and poor crystallinity, presenting a significant challenge in obtaining high-quality perovskite films. In this context, we introduced an approach by synergistically adding SnF and tin powder into the precursor solution to enhance the antioxidation of Sn ions.

Advances in Research on Southern Corn Rust, a Devasting Fungal Disease.

Southern corn rust (SCR), caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Underw., represents one of the most devastating threats to maize production, potentially resulting in yield losses exceeding 50%. Due to global climate change and cropping practices, epiphytotics of SCR have been increasingly reported, and are progressively spreading from tropical and subtropical maize growing areas to higher latitude areas.