Association Between Healthful Plant-Based Dietary Pattern and Obesity Trajectories and Future Cardiovascular Diseases in Middle-Aged and Elderly: A Prospective and Longitudinal Cohort Study.

We aimed to explore the association between plant-based dietary (PBD) patterns and obesity trajectories in middle-aged and elderly, as well as obesity trajectories linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A total of 7108 middle-aged and elderly UK Biobank participants with at least three physical measurements were included. Dietary information collected at enrolment was used to calculate the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI).

Beyond Inducing Anionic Redox: Controllable Migration Sequence of Li Ions in Transition Metal Layers Toward Highly Stable Li-Rich Cathodes.

The energy density of layered oxides of Li-ion batteries can be enhanced by inducing oxygen redox through replacing transition metal (TM) ions with Li ions in the TM layer. Undesirably, the cathodes always suffer from unfavorable structural degradation, which is closely associated with irreversible TM migration and slab gliding, resulting in continuous capacity and voltage decay. Herein, attention is paid to the Li ions in the TM layer (Li) and find their extra effects beyond inducing oxygen redox, which has been rarely mentioned.

The crosstalk between senescence, tumor, and immunity: molecular mechanism and therapeutic opportunities.

Cellular senescence is characterized by a stable cell cycle arrest and a hypersecretory, proinflammatory phenotype in response to various stress stimuli. Traditionally, this state has been viewed as a tumor-suppressing mechanism that prevents the proliferation of damaged cells while activating the immune response for their clearance. However, senescence is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor to tumor progression.

Quantum and complex-valued hybrid networks for multi-principal element alloys phase prediction.

This study introduces a hybrid network model for phase classification, integrating quantum networks and complex-valued neural networks. This architecture uses elemental composition as its only input, eliminating complex feature engineering. Parameterized quantum networks handle sparse elemental data and convert data from real to complex domains, increasing information dimensionality.

Insights into bacterial cellulose for adsorption and sustained-release mechanism of flavors.

The stabilities and sustained-release properties of citral are significant for foods. Herein, bacterial cellulose (BC) was innovatively reported for adsorption and sustained-release of citral via gas-phase adsorption technique, and the adsorption mechanism was disclosed. BC was prepared from tobacco stem waste extract (TSWE), and better adsorption capacity (124.

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonists Combined with Hormone Replacement Therapy Significantly Improves Reproductive Outcomes for Patients with Thin Endometrium and Intramural Fibroids in Frozen Embryo Transfer Cycles.

Background: Both intramural myomas and thin endometrium exert a detrimental influence on the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology (ART). The downregulation of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRH-a) is regarded as an effective approach to reducing the size of intramural fibroids and enhancing endometrial receptivity. Consequently, we conducted this study to assess whether the GnRH-a combined with hormone replacement therapy (GnRH-a-HRT) can improve reproductive outcomes in frozen embryo transfer cycles for patients with a thin endometrium (≤7 mm) and intramural fibroids.

Muscle Fiber-Inspired High-Performance Strain Sensors for Motion Recognition and Control.

The rapid development of wearable technology, flexible electronics, and human-machine interaction has brought about revolutionary changes to the fields of motion analysis and physiological monitoring. Sensors for detecting human motion and physiological signals have become a hot topic of current research. Inspired by the muscle fiber structure, this paper proposed a highly stable strain sensor that was composed of stretchable Spandex fibers (SPF), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and silicone rubber (Ecoflex).

Design strategies and performance enhancements of PVDF-based flexible electrolytes for high-performance all-solid-state lithium metal batteries.

Lithium metal is considered one of the most promising anode materials for lithium batteries due to its high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mA h g) and low redox potential (-3.04 V). However, uncontrolled lithium dendrite growth and severe interfacial side reactions during cycling result in poor performance and safety risks, significantly limiting its practical applications.

Ankle-Brachial Index as a Predictor of Acute Ischemic Cerebrovascular Event After Central Retinal Artery Occlusion.

BACKGROUND Identifying patients at higher risk of acute ischemic cerebrovascular events (AICE) following central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is crucial for secondary prevention of stroke. This study aimed to investigate whether a low ankle-brachial index value is associated with an increased risk of AICE after CRAO. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prospectively analyzed patients who were admitted to our hospital because of CRAO between February 2019 and March 2023 and whose ankle-brachial index was no greater than 1.

Enhanced Charge Generation and Transport by Incorporating a Benzotriazole Unit for Low-Cost and High-Efficiency Organic Solar Cells.

The photovoltaic performance of organic solar cells (OSCs) has reached the threshold for industrial applications, but the cost of most high-performance organic photovoltaic molecules is too high to meet the needs of industrialization. Herein, two low-cost thiophene--quinoxaline (TQ)-based polymers, PTQ16-10 and PTQ16-20, are designed and synthesized by incorporating a benzotriazole (BTA) unit into the PTQ10 backbone, with the consideration of expanding the chemical modifiability of PTQ10 and thus optimizing its photovoltaic properties. The incorporation of BTA induces improved light absorption, up-shifted energy levels, more orderly molecular π-π packing, enhanced molecular crystallinity, and better charge transport capacity of the two polymers.

Nonlocalized Conductive Paths Construction and In-depth Mechanism Analysis for the Robust Resistive Switching in Halide Perovskites.

The conductive paths (CPs) established by defects in halide perovskites (HPs) tend to be disrupted under external influences, leading to deterioration of their RRAM performances. Here we propose an effective strategy to enhance the CPs in HP RRAMs by doping Ag to partially substitute Pb in MAPbI, which facilitates the nonlocalized growth of Ag CPs and thereby improves the stability of CPs. The optimal doped device demonstrates excellent RRAM performances including high ON/OFF ratios (>10), long retention (>10 s), large endurance (>10 cycles), uniform parameters, and excellent yield.

Main-Group Sn Single Atoms on MoS for Selective Nitrite Electroreduction to Ammonia.

Electrocatalytic NO-to-NH reduction (NORR) offers an attractive way to remedy polluted NO and produce value-added NH. In this study, main-group Sn single atoms anchored on S-vacancy-rich MoS (Sn/MoS) are explored as a highly selective NORR catalyst. Combined theoretical computations and in situ spectroscopic measurements reveal that the isolated Sn sites of Sn/MoS can not only promote NO-to-NH activation and hydrogenation but also favor NH desorption and restrict H adsorption, thus enabling a highly selective NORR for NH synthesis.

Construction and characterization of chimeric FcγR T cells for universal T cell therapy.

Background: Several approaches are being explored for engineering off-the-shelf chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this study, we engineered chimeric Fcγ receptor (FcγR) T cells and tested their potential as a versatile platform for universal T cell therapy.

Methods: Chimeric FcγR (CFR) constructs were generated using three distinct forms of FcγR, namely CD16A, CD32A, and CD64.

Integrated analysis of the prevalence and influencing factors of poststroke dysphagia.

Objectives: Poststroke dysphagia (PSD) is a common complication after stroke but there is limited information on its global prevalence and influencing factors, such as spatial, temporal, demographic characteristics, and stroke-related factors. Our study seeks to fill this knowledge gap by exploring the overall prevalence of PSD and its influencing factors.

Methods: A search of English-language literature from database inception from 2005 until May 2022 was performed using PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus.

Altered spontaneous brain activity in children with deprivation amblyopia: a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Background: To investigate the alterations in spontaneous brain activity and the similarities and differences between monocular deprivation amblyopia and binocular deprivation amblyopia.

Methods: Twenty children with binocular deprivation amblyopia, 26 children with monocular deprivation amblyopia and 20 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. The evaluation of altered spontaneous brain activity was conducted using fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF).

Application of failure model and effect analysis in nursing care for patients who have undergone endoscopic sub-mucosal dissection.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effect after the application of Failure Model and Effect Analysis (FMEA) in nursing care for patients who have undergone endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD).

Methods: A cohort of 40 patients who underwent ESD between July and September 2023 were selected as the control group, while 42 patients who underwent ESD between October 2023 and June 2024 after implementing FMEA were selected as the observation group. A multidisciplinary team was established based on the FMEA model to analyze and create a nursing flowchart.

Nonacademic predictors of China medical licensing examination.

Background: National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) is the entrance exam for medical practice in China, and its general medical knowledge test (GMKT) evaluates abilities of medical students to comprehensively apply medical knowledge to clinical practice. This study aimed to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance, which would benefit medical schools in designing appropriate strategies and techniques to facilitate the transition from medical students to qualified medical practitioners.

Methods: In 1202 medical students, we conducted the deletion-substitution-addition (DSA) and structural equation model (SEM) analyses to identify nonacademic predictors of GMKT performance from 98 candidate variables including early life events, physical conditions, psychological and personality assessments, cognitive abilities, and socioeconomic conditions.

DNA replication stress underpins the vulnerability to oxidative phosphorylation inhibition in colorectal cancer.

Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is a therapeutic vulnerability in glycolysis-deficient cancers. Here we show that inhibiting OXPHOS similarly suppresses the proliferation and tumorigenicity of glycolytically competent colorectal cancer (CRC) cells in vitro and in patient-derived CRC xenografts. While the increased glycolytic activity rapidly replenished the ATP pool, it did not restore the reduced production of aspartate upon OXPHOS inhibition.

RNF128 deficiency in macrophages promotes colonic inflammation by suppressing the autophagic degradation of S100A8.

Macrophages play important roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). However, the underlying mechanisms that govern macrophage-mediated inflammation are still largely unknown. In this study, we report that RNF128 is downregulated in proinflammatory macrophages.

Structural analyses of Cryptosporidium parvum epitopes reveal a novel scheme of decapeptide binding to H-2K.

Cryptosporidium has gained much attention as a major cause of diarrhea worldwide. Here, we present the first structure of H-2K complexed with a decapeptide from Cryptosporidium parvum Gp40/15 protein (Gp40/15-VTF10). In contrast to all published structures, the aromatic residue P3-Phe of Gp40/15-VTF10 is anchored in pocket C rather than the canonical Y/F at P5 or P6 reported for octapeptides and nonapeptides.

Soil nutrient limitation controls trophic cascade effects of micro-food web-derived ecological functions in degraded agroecosystems.

Introduction: Soil nutrient supply drives the ecological functions of soil micro-food webs through bottom-up and top-down mechanisms in degraded agroecosystems. Nutrient limitation responds sensitively to variations in degraded agroecosystems through restoration practices, such as legume intercropping.

Objectives: This study examined the effects of legume intercropping on trophic cascade dynamics through resource supply in degraded purple soil ecosystems.

Firm ownerships matter in measuring carbon footprints and its driving forces in China's domestic value chains.

Some research has studied the carbon footprints of the multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the global value chains (GVCs). However, currently there are few studies have studied the carbon footprints of the foreign invested firms (FIFs) distributed in different provinces in China's domestic value chains (DVCs). This paper has used China's inter-provincial input-output table distinguishing domestically owned enterprises (DEs), Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan (HMTs) invested enterprises and other foreign invested enterprises (FIEs) to study the carbon footprints of the FIFs in China's DVCs and further analyzed the driving factors of the carbon footprints change.

Agricultural amendments enhanced the redox cycling of iron species and hydroxyl radical formation during redox fluctuation of paddy soil.

Hydroxyl radical (OH) plays a critical role in accelerating organic contaminant attenuation during water-table decline in paddy soil, but the impacts of widely applied agricultural amendments (e.g., organic manure, rice straw, and biochar) on these processes have been rarely explored.

Multi-effect synergistic induction of unsaturated MnO on sandy sediment for enhanced manganese adsorption and byproduct resource recovery in solar evaporation.

The efficient removal of Mn(II) from wastewater is crucial for safeguarding water quality, yet existing adsorbents face significant challenges, including high costs, poor resistance to ionic interference, and scalability limitations. This study addresses these challenges by utilizing abundant natural sandy sediment (SS) as a substrate to load unsaturated MnO via in-situ oxidation, creating a novel adsorbent (MOSS). MOSS exhibits a remarkable Mn(II) adsorption capacity of 1.

Porcine bile acids improve performance by altering hepatic lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism with different protein level diets in late laying hens.

As the extension of the egg-laying cycle, heightened energy and lipid metabolism cause excessive lipid accumulation, resulting in rapid decline in laying performance during the late laying period. Bile acids (BAs), synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, are potent metabolic and immune signaling molecules involved in lipid metabolism and the regulation of energy homeostasis. However, under different dietary protein levels, the role of BAs on hepatic lipid metabolism of laying hens at the late phase remains unclear.