The malnutrition in AECOPD and its association with unfavorable outcomes by comparing PNI, GNRI with the GLIM criteria: a retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: The management of nutritional risk has garnered significant attention in individuals diagnosed with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) due to the high prevalence of malnutrition and its correlation with unfavorable outcomes. While numerous rating scales exist to assist in assessment for both clinical and research purposes, there is considerable variability in the selection of scales based on the characteristics of the study participants and the study design. The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) in identifying malnutrition and predicting prognosis in elderly AECOPD patients.

Iatrogenic subglottic tracheal stenosis after tracheostomy and endotracheal intubation: A cohort observational study of more severity in keloid phenotype.

Background: Tracheostomy and endotracheal intubation can result in subglottic tracheal stenosis, and predisposition to keloid scar formation can increase stenosis risk after tracheal injury. This study aims to compare the incidence and severity of subglottic tracheal stenosis in keloid and non-keloid patients following iatrogenic tracheal injury, in particular tracheostomy.

Methods: From 2012 to 2017, 218 573 patients were intubated for surgery; 2276 patients received tracheostomy in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China.

Stability of important antibodies for kidney disease: pre-analytic methodological considerations.

Background: The importance of circulating antibodies as biomarkers of kidney disease has recently been recognized. However, no study has systematically described the methodology of sample preparation and storage regarding antibodies as biomarkers of kidney disease. It remains unknown whether repetitive freeze-thaw cycles, physical disturbances, storage at different temperatures or for different periods of time, or haemolytic or turbid serum samples affect antibody measurements.

Low-frequency phonon modes and negative thermal expansion in A(MO(4))(2) (A = Zr, Hf and M = W, Mo) by Raman and Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy.

The low-frequency phonon modes of cubic ZrW(2)O(8) and HfW(2)O(8), and trigonal ZrMo(2)O(8) and HfMo(2)O(8) have been comparatively studied by Raman and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. It is shown that there appear a number of distinctive low-frequency modes below 150 cm(-1) in the cubic ZrW(2)O(8) and HfW(2)O(8) in both Raman and terahertz spectra which are attributed to the librational and translational motions of the polyhedra whereas only one weak mode is present in the Raman but absent in the THz spectra of the trigonal ZrMo(2)O(8) and HfMo(2)O(8) in the same region, which is assigned to the interlayer breathing. It is found that the lowest optical phonon mode at about 40 cm(-1) disappears accompanied by obvious weakening of the lowest asymmetric stretching mode for ZrW(2)O(8) and HfW(2)O(8) across the order-disorder phase transition temperature.