PEBP1 amplifies mitochondrial dysfunction-induced integrated stress response.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in numerous diseases and the aging process. The integrated stress response (ISR) serves as a critical adaptation mechanism to a variety of stresses, including those originating from mitochondria. By utilizing mass spectrometry-based cellular thermal shift assay (MS-CETSA), we uncovered that phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein 1 (PEBP1), also known as Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP), is thermally stabilized by stresses which induce mitochondrial ISR.

Initial treatment for surgery-naïve desmoid tumors by high intensity focused ultrasound.

Introduction: Desmoid tumor (DT) is a rare proliferative disease occurring in connective tissues, characterized by high infiltration and recurrence rates. While surgery remains the primary treatment, its recurrence risk is high, and some extra-abdominal desmoid tumors are inoperable due to their locations. Despite attempts with radiotherapy and systemic therapy, the efficacy remains limited.

A panel of genotypically and phenotypically diverse clinical strains for novel antibiotic development.

Unlabelled: is one of the most important pathogens worldwide. The intrinsic and acquired resistance of , coupled with the slow pace of novel antimicrobial drug development, poses an unprecedented and enormous challenge to clinical anti-infective therapy of . Recent studies in the field of pathogenicity, antibiotic resistance, and biofilms of have focused on the model strains, including ATCC 17978, ATCC 19606, and AB5075.

Resistance mechanisms of tigecycline in .

is widely distributed in nature and in hospital settings and is a common pathogen causing various infectious diseases. Currently, the drug resistance rate of has been persistently high, showing a worryingly high resistance rate to various antibiotics commonly used in clinical practice, which greatly limits antibiotic treatment options. Tigecycline and polymyxins show rapid and effective bactericidal activity against CRAB, and they are both widely considered to be the last clinical line of defense against multidrug resistant .

Dendritic cell-targeting chemokines inhibit colorectal cancer progression.

Aim: Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy has shown its promise and prompted researchers to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells crucial for initiating adaptive anti-tumor immunity, therefore a promising target for cancer treatment. Here, anti-tumor activities of DC-targeting chemokines were explored in murine colorectal tumor models.

Opposite evolution of pathogenicity driven by in vivo wzc and wcaJ mutations in ST11-KL64 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Aims: To investigate the in vivo evolution of the mucoid-phenotype of ST11-KL64 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolated from the same patients and gain insights into diverse evolution and biology of these strains.

Methods: Whole genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to determine the mutation involved in the mucoid phenotype of ST11-KL64 CRKP. Gene knockout, bacterial morphology and capsular polysaccharides (CPS) extraction were used to verify the role of wzc and wcaJ in the mucoid phenotypes.

Therapeutic evaluation of the Acinetobacter baumannii phage Phab24 for clinical use.

Phages have shown to be effective in treating bacterial infections. However, when evaluating the therapeutic potential of novel phage isolates which have the ability to infect and kill a pathogen, it is important to include parameters such as stability (crucial for storage and delivery), infection dynamics in vitro and in vivo (for efficacy and dosing), and an in-depth genome analysis (to exclude the presence of virulence or lysogeny genes), among others. In this study, we characterized bacteriophage Phab24, which infects a colistin-resistant strain of the notorious nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii.

A Lysozyme Murein Hydrolase with Broad-Spectrum Antibacterial Activity from Enterobacter Phage myPSH1140.

Bacteriophages and bacteriophage-derived peptidoglycan hydrolases (endolysins) present promising alternatives for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug resistant Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. In this study, Gp105, a putative lysozyme murein hydrolase from Enterobacter phage myPSH1140 was characterized as well as using the purified protein. Gp105 contains a T4-type lysozyme-like domain (IPR001165) and belongs to Glycoside hydrolase family 24 (IPR002196).

Description of a Rare Pyomelanin-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strain Coharboring Chromosomal OXA-23 and NDM-1.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), which belonged to global clones 1 (GC1) or 2 (GC2), has been widely reported and become a global threat. However, non-GC1 and non-GC2 CRAB strains are not well-studied, especially for those with rare phenotype. Here, one pyomelanin-producing CRAB strain (A.

Spatiotemporal stop-and-go dynamics of the mitochondrial TOM core complex correlates with channel activity.

Single-molecule studies can reveal phenomena that remain hidden in ensemble measurements. Here we show the correlation between lateral protein diffusion and channel activity of the general protein import pore of mitochondria (TOM-CC) in membranes resting on ultrathin hydrogel films. Using electrode-free optical recordings of ion flux, we find that TOM-CC switches reversibly between three states of ion permeability associated with protein diffusion.

Molecular Genetic Characteristics of Plasmid-Borne in Serotype Typhimurium and Thompson in Zhejiang, China.

is a zoonotic food-borne pathogen threatening public health around the world. As is the case with many other pathogens, the spread of mobilized colistin resistance () alleles is of grave concern. In this study, totally 689 clinical isolates were collected from a local hospital in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China between 2009 and 2018.

Heat Treatment Promotes Ubiquitin-Mediated Proteolysis of SARS-CoV-2 RNA Polymerase and Decreases Viral Load.

Despite extensive efforts, COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is still at large. Vaccination is an effective approach to curb virus spread, but several variants (e.g.

The efficacy of low-power cumulative high-intensity focused ultrasound treatment for recurrent desmoid tumor.

Background: Desmoid tumors are rare neoplasms that are locally invasive. However, optimal treatment strategies for recurrent desmoid tumors remain controversial. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has been reported as a noninvasive modality for treating recurrent desmoid tumors.

Synergistic Effects of Phage-Antibiotic Combinations against .

Non-antibiotic alternative treatments to combat the increasing number of infections caused by multidrug resistant bacteria are urgently needed. In recent years, bacteriophages have reemerged to potentially replace or complement the role of antibiotics, as bacterial viruses have the ability to inactivate pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the synergy of phage-antibiotic combinations.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Virulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Phage Geezett Infecting Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Strains.

Geezett was isolated from hospital sewage in Hangzhou, China, and exhibits lytic activity against clinical isolates of the nosocomial pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae. The bacteriophage is a myovirus and has a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome 50,707 bp long, containing 79 open reading frames (ORFs).

Complete Genome Sequences of Bacteriophages Kaya, Guyu, Kopi, and TehO, Which Target Clinical Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major public health concern, as drug-resistant strains increase mortality in hospital-acquired infections. We report the isolation and complete genome sequences of four lytic bacteriophages that target clinical multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.

Colistin-phage combinations decrease antibiotic resistance in via changes in envelope architecture.

Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections are becoming increasingly common, with only few last-resort antibiotics such as colistin available for clinical therapy. An alternative therapeutic strategy gaining momentum is phage therapy, which has the advantage of not being affected by bacterial resistance to antibiotics. However, a major challenge in phage therapy is the rapid emergence of phage-resistant bacteria.

Complete Genome Sequence of the Lytic Bacteriophage Phab24, Which Infects Clinical Strains of the Nosocomial Pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii.

Phab24 was isolated from river water in Zhejiang Province, China, and exhibits lytic activity against clinical isolates of the nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii (X. Wang, B. Loh, Y.

Phage therapy as a revolutionary medicine against Gram-positive bacterial infections.

Background: Antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria has created a global emergency, prompting the hunt for an alternative cure. Bacteriophages were discovered over a century ago and have proven to be a successful replacement during antibiotic treatment failure. This review discusses on the scientific investigation of phage therapy for Gram-positive pathogens and general outlook of phage therapy clinical trials and commercialization.

Dissemination of carbapenem resistance and plasmids encoding carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacteria isolated in India.

Background: Carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacteria is an ongoing public health problem of global dimensions leaving very few treatment options for infected patients.

Objectives: To study the dissemination of plasmid-borne carbapenemase genes in Gram-negative bacteria from a diagnostic centre in Tamil Nadu, India.

Methods: A total of 151 non-repetitive isolates belonging to 10 genera were collected between January 2015 and December 2016 from a diagnostic centre in Tamil Nadu.

CTX-M-type ESBL-mediated resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and conjugative transfer of resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from hospitals in Tamil Nadu, India.

Clinical pathogens, especially Gram-negative bacteria developing resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, are making clinical outcomes more complicated and serious. This study was undertaken to evaluate the distribution of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in Tamil Nadu, India. For this study, clinical samples were collected from five different hospitals located in Tamil Nadu and the ESBL-producing Gram-negative isolates were characterized.

Therapeutic targeting of the mitochondrial one-carbon pathway: perspectives, pitfalls, and potential.

Most of the drugs currently prescribed for cancer treatment are riddled with substantial side effects. In order to develop more effective and specific strategies to treat cancer, it is of importance to understand the biology of drug targets, particularly the newly emerging ones. A comprehensive evaluation of these targets will benefit drug development with increased likelihood for success in clinical trials.