Benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b']dithiophene-4,5-diamine: A New Fluorescent Probe for the High-Sensitivity and Real-Time Visual Monitoring of Phosgene.

The detection of highly toxic chemicals such as phosgene is crucial for addressing the severe threats to human health and public safety posed by terrorist attacks and industrial mishaps. However, timely and precise monitoring of phosgene at a low cost remains a significant challenge. This work is the first to report a novel fluorescent system based on the Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) effect, which can rapidly detect phosgene in both solution and gas phases with high sensitivity by integrating a benzo[1,2-b:6,5-b']dithiophene-4,5-diamine (BDTA) probe.

Four Decades of Biofertilizers: Advances and Future Prospects in Agriculture.

Over the past four decades, biofertilizers, which are microbial formulations based on species, have significantly contributed to sustainable agriculture by enhancing crop growth, improving soil health, and reducing the dependency on chemical fertilizers. species, particularly known for their ability to promote plant growth, fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and produce growth-promoting substances such as phytohormones and antibiotics, have emerged as key players in the development of eco-friendly agricultural solutions. This research utilizes bibliometric analysis based on 3,242 documents sourced from the Web of Science database to map the development, key contributions, and innovation within the field from 1985 to 2023.

Short-Circuit Performance Analysis of Commercial 1.7 kV SiC MOSFETs Under Varying Electrical Stress.

The short-circuit (SC) robustness of SiC MOSFETs is critical for high-power applications, yet 1.2 kV devices often struggle to meet the industry-standard SC withstand time (SCWT) under practical operating conditions. Despite growing interest in higher voltage classes, no prior study has systematically evaluated the SC performance of 1.

Population Genetics of in China Inferred Through EST-SSR Markers.

Background/objectives: The Pacific abalone originated in cold waters and is an economically important aquaculture shellfish in China. Our goal was to clarify the current status of the genetic structure of Pacific abalone in China.

Methods: In this study, eighteen polymorphic EST-SSR loci were successfully developed based on the hemolymph transcriptome data of Pacific abalone, and thirteen highly polymorphic EST-SSR loci were selected for the genetic variation analysis of the six populations collected.

Integrating Metabolomics and Genomics to Uncover the Impact of Fermented Total Mixed Ration on Heifer Growth Performance Through Host-Dependent Metabolic Pathways.

With the increasing demand for enhancing livestock production performance and optimizing feed efficiency, this study aimed to investigate the effects of fermented total mixed ration (FTMR) containing different proportions of rice straw and sheath and leaves of on systemic nutrient metabolism and oxidative metabolism under host genetic regulation and on growth performance of heifers. A total of 157 heifers aged 7-8 months were selected, and their hair was collected for whole-genome sequencing. They were randomly assigned into four groups of 18 to 21 cattle each and fed FTMR containing varying levels of rice straw (21% in LSF, 28% in MSF, 35% in HSF) or 31% sheath and leaves of (ZF) for a two-month period.

Assessing Heat Resistance and Selecting Heat-Resistant Individuals of Largemouth Bass () with Tiered Thermal Exposure.

Largemouth bass (LMB, ), a commercially important farmed fish, is vulnerable to heat stress. Breeding heat-resistant LMB is highly desirable in the face of global warming. However, we still lack an efficient method to assess the heat resistance of LMB.

GENI as an AMPK Activator Binds α and γ Subunits and Improves the Memory Dysfunction of Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models via Autophagy and Neuroprotection.

Geniposidic 4-isoamyl ester (GENI) with anti-aging effects is a new iridoid glycoside derivative from Ellis found in our previous study. In this study, to indicate whether this compound has anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) effect, the galactose-induced AD mice and naturally aging mice with AD were used to do drug efficacy evaluation. Furthermore, the Western blot, small interfering RNA (siRNA), drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS), cellular thermal shift assay (CESTA), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS), adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mutants and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis were utilized to clarify the mechanism of action and identify target protein of this molecule.

Differentiation of Early Sacroiliitis Using Machine-Learning- Supported Texture Analysis.

We wished to compare the diagnostic performance of texture analysis (TA) against that of a visual qualitative assessment in identifying early sacroiliitis (nr-axSpA). A total of 92 participants were retrospectively included at our university hospital institution, comprising 30 controls and 62 patients with axSpA, including 32 with nr-axSpA and 30 with r-axSpA, who underwent MR examination of the sacroiliac joints. MRI at 3T of the lumbar spine and the sacroiliac joint was performed using oblique T1-weighted (W), fluid-sensitive, fat-saturated (Fs) T2WI images.

TNFSF9 Silence Impedes Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Modulating SLC3A2 Expression in Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), which stays unresolved in the clinic, occurs after recanalization of blood vessels serving brain tissues in acute ischemic stroke patients and can result in massive brain cell death, and cell ferroptosis contributes greatly to this process. Our research firstly found that TNFSF9 expression harbored diagnostic value on CIRI patients and intended to further investigate its regulatory mechanism in CIRI, which might facilitate its diagnostic and therapeutic application in the clinic. The level of TNSF9 mRNA was augmented in the plasma of CIR patients, and its silence impeded ferroptosis, apoptosis, and release of inflammatory mediators of BMECs with OGD/R treatment.

Application of TRIM58 Gene Methylation-Based Minimal Residual Disease Assays in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer for Prognosis Prediction and Treatment Decision.

Objective: To identify key genes associated with the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, exploring the expression of the TRIM58 gene and its potential effect as a tumor suppressor.

Methods: In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated genes (DMGs) related to lung adenocarcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma were selected from the TCGA dataset, with the Limma package in R software used for further filtering and intersection, followed by the assessment of the relationship between these genes and NSCLC prognosis using log-rank tests and univariate Cox regression analysis. Meanwhile, six clinical NSCLC cancer and adjacent tissue samples were collected, along with the detection of TRIM58 mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and Western blot.

[Transaminases: high-throughput screening a ketone-fluorescent probe and applications].

Transaminases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of amino between amino acids and keto acids, playing an important role in the biosynthesis of organic amines and the corresponding derivatives. However, natural enzymes often have low catalytic efficiency against non-natural substrates, which limits their widespread applications. Enzyme engineering serves as an effective approach to improve the catalytic properties and thereby expand the application scope of transaminases.

Correlative Raman-Voltage Microscopy Revealing the Localized Structure-Stress Relationship in Silicon Solar Cells.

Knowledge of localized strain at the micrometer scale is essential for tailoring the electrical and mechanical properties of ongoing thinning of crystal silicon (c-Si) solar cells. Thinning c-Si wafers below 110 m are susceptible to cracking in manufacturing due to the nonuniform stress distribution at a micrometer region, necessitating a rigorous technique to reveal the localized stress distribution correlating with its device electrical output. In this context, a Raman microscopy integrated with a photovoltage mapping setup with high resolution to the submicrometer scale is developed to acquire correlative Raman-voltage of the localized physical properties at the microcracks on the rear side of c-Si solar cells.

The corneal biomechanical changes of phacoemulsification in cataract patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To evaluate the corneal biomechanical properties of phacoemulsification in the treatment of cataract patients.

Methods: Pertinent studies were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and clinicaltrials.gov.

Bioprinted optoelectronically active cardiac tissues.

Electrical stimulation of existing three-dimensional bioprinted tissues to alter tissue activities is typically associated with wired delivery, invasive electrode placement, and potential cell damage, minimizing its efficacy in cardiac modulation. Here, we report an optoelectronically active scaffold based on printed gelatin methacryloyl embedded with micro-solar cells, seeded with cardiomyocytes to form light-stimulable tissues. This enables untethered, noninvasive, and damage-free optoelectronic stimulation-induced modulation of cardiac beating behaviors without needing wires or genetic modifications to the tissue solely with light.

A tough soft-hard interface in the human knee joint driven by multiscale toughening mechanisms.

Joining heterogeneous materials in engineered structures remains a significant challenge due to stress concentration at interfaces, which often leads to unexpected failures. Investigating the complex, multiscale-graded structures found in animal tissue provides valuable insights that can help address this challenge. The human meniscus root-bone interface is an exemplary model, renowned for its exceptional fatigue resistance, toughness, and interfacial adhesion properties throughout its lifespan.

Tau Pathology Drives Disease-Associated Astrocyte Reactivity in Salt-Induced Neurodegeneration.

Dietary high salt intake is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have identified a population of disease-associated astrocytes (DAA)-like astrocytes closely linked to amyloid deposition and tau pathology in an AD mouse model. However, the presence and role of these astrocytes in high-salt diet (HSD) models remain unexplored.

Effect of konjac glucomannan aerogel-immobilized Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 on oil-contaminated seawater remediation and endogenous bacterial community diversity.

Ocean oil spills can severely impact ecosystems and disrupt marine biodiversity and habitats. Microbial remediation is an effective method for removing thin oil slick contamination. In this study, the adsorption and degradation of low-concentration oil spills by Chlorella vulgaris LH-1 immobilized in konjac glucomannan (KGM) aerogel were investigated.

Identify potential drug candidates within a high-quality compound search space.

The identification of potential effective drug candidates is a fundamental step in new drug discovery, with profound implications for pharmaceutical research and the healthcare sector. While many computational methods have been developed for such predictions and have yielded promising results, two challenges persist: (i) The cold start problem of new drugs, which increases the difficulty of prediction due to lack of historical data or prior knowledge. (ii) The vastness of the compound search space for potential drug candidates.

Design, Implementation and Environmental Impact of Cutoff Wall for Pollution Control in an Industrial Legacy Site.

Heavy metal-organic pollutants compound pollution at industrial legacy sites and have caused damage to the ecological environment and human health during recent decades. In view of the difficulty and high cost of post-contamination remediation, it is worth studying, and practically applying, cutoff walls to reduce the spread of pollution in advance. In this study, field-scale studies were carried out at e-waste dismantling legacy sites in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province of China, through the process of site investigation, numerical simulation, and cutoff wall practical application.

Development and Evaluation of an Immunochromatographic Strip and a Magnetic Chemiluminescence Immunoassay for Detection of Antigen.

(PCV2) is the main and primary causative agent of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome (PMWS). To date, immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA), indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are the most commonly diagnostic methods for detecting PCV2 antigens. However, these methods require specialized equipment and technical expertise and are suitable for laboratory use only.

Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals the Metabolic Characteristics and Biomarkers of Antioxidant Properties of Gardeniae Fructus from Different Geographical Origins in China.

Gardeniae Fructus (GF) has been widely used as both food and medicinal purposes for thousands of years, but their antioxidant properties and potential metabolite biomarkers remain unclear. : The purposes of this study were to examine antioxidant activities of 21 GF varieties from different geographical origins in China and identify potential biomarkers of antioxidant properties using an untargeted LC-MS-based metabolomics approach. : The results demonstrate that metabolomics had the ability to trace the geographical origins of GF.

Neoplasms in the Nasal Cavity Identified and Tracked with an Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Nasal Endoscopic Diagnostic System.

Objective: We aim to construct an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted nasal endoscopy diagnostic system capable of preliminary differentiation and identification of nasal neoplasia properties, as well as intraoperative tracking, providing an important basis for nasal endoscopic surgery.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1050 video data of nasal endoscopic surgeries involving four types of nasal neoplasms. Using Deep Snake, U-Net, and Att-Res2-UNet, we developed a nasal neoplastic detection network based on endoscopic images.

A Fast, High-Sensitivity 96-Well Plate-Based MICROFASP Method for Processing Low Microgram Proteomics Sample within 1.5 h.

A rapid, sensitive, and high-throughput sample preparation method is of paramount significance for proteomics analysis. Here, we report a fast, high-sensitivity MICROFASP method that is capable of completing sample preparation within 1.5 h, enhancing the throughput by over 13 times compared to the previous reports.

Complex hierarchical structures analysis in single-cell data with Poincaré deep manifold transformation.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) offers remarkable insights into cellular development and differentiation by capturing the gene expression profiles of individual cells. The role of dimensionality reduction and visualization in the interpretation of scRNA-seq data has gained widely acceptance. However, current methods face several challenges, including incomplete structure-preserving strategies and high distortion in embeddings, which fail to effectively model complex cell trajectories with multiple branches.

Multi-Label Zero-Shot Learning Via Contrastive Label-Based Attention.

Multi-label zero-shot learning (ML-ZSL) strives to recognize all objects in an image, regardless of whether they are present in the training data. Recent methods incorporate an attention mechanism to locate labels in the image and generate class-specific semantic information. However, the attention mechanism built on visual features treats label embeddings equally in the prediction score, leading to severe semantic ambiguity.