Scaling law characteristics and spatiotemporal multicomponent analysis of syphilis from 2016 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Syphilis has caused epidemics for hundreds of years, and the global syphilis situation remains serious. The reported incidence rate of syphilis in Zhejiang Province has ranked first in the province in terms of notifiable infectious diseases for many years and is the highest in China. This study attempts to use the scaling law theory to study the relationship between population size and different types of syphilis epidemics, while also exploring the main driving factors affecting the incidence of syphilis in different regions.

An integrated nationwide genomics study reveals transmission modes of typhoid fever in China.

Typhoid fever is a life-threatening disease caused by serovar Typhi, resulting in a significant disease burden across developing countries. Historically, China was very much close to the global epicenter of typhoid, but the role of typhoid transmission within China and among epicenter remains overlooked in previous investigations. By using newly produced genomics on a national scale, we clarify the complex local and global transmission history of such a notorious disease agent in China spanning the most recent five decades, which largely undermines the global public health network.

Targeted metabolomics analysis identified the role of FOXA1 in the change in glutamate-glutamine metabolic pattern of BaP malignantly transformed 16HBE cells.

The carcinogenic mechanism of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is far from being elucidated. FOXA1 has been confirmed to play an oncogenic role in BaP-transformed cell THBEc1. To explore the changes in amino acid metabolic patterns, especially glutamate-glutamine (Glu-Gln) metabolic pattern caused by BaP-induced transformation and the possible role FOXA1 might play in it, we compared amino acid metabolic characteristics between THBEc1 cells and control 16HBE cells using a targeted metabolomics method and determined the effects of FOXA1 knockout on the amino acid metabolic pattern using FOXA1 knockout cell THBEc1-ΔFOXA1-c34.

Development and Validation of a Risk Prediction Tool to Identify People at Greater Risk of Having Hepatitis C among Drug Users.

Background: People who use drugs (PWUD) are among those with the highest risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Highly effective direct-acting antiviral agents offer an opportunity to eliminate HCV. A simple tool for the prediction of HCV infection risk in PWUD is urgently needed.

A nontyphoidal Salmonella serovar domestication accompanying enhanced niche adaptation.

Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) causes extraintestinal infections with ~15% case fatality in many countries. However, the mechanism by which iNTS emerged in China remains unaddressed. We conducted clinical investigations of iNTS infection with recurrent treatment failure, caused by underreported Salmonella enterica serovar Livingstone (SL).

Trend of hand, foot, and mouth disease from 2010 to 2021 and estimation of the reduction in enterovirus 71 infection after vaccine use in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Zhejiang, ranked in the top three in HFMD (hand, foot, and mouth disease) incidence, is located in the Yangtze River Delta region of southeast China. Since 2016, the EV71 vaccine has been promoted in Zhejiang Province. This study aimed to investigate the trend and seasonal variation characteristics of HFMD from 2010 to 2021 and estimate the reduction in enterovirus 71 infection after vaccine use.

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Traditional Chinese Medicine Raw Material, Extracts, and Health Food Products.

The four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon markers (PAH4) of benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (Chr), benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbF), and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) are indicators showing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination levels in Chinese medicine raw materials (CMRMs), extracts and health food products; Samples of herbal medicine, herbal extracts, and food supplements were extracted with -hexane, then cleaned up sequentially on Florisil and EUPAH solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the determination of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon markers in Chinese medicine raw material, extracts, and health food products was established; In spiked-recovery experiments, the average recovery was about 78.6-107.

[Characterization and investigation of 16 European priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in commercial infant formula milk powder in Hangzhou].

Objective: A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) method for the determination of 16 European priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(16 EUPAHs) in infant formula milk powder was established, and the characterization and investigation of 16 EUPAHs in 70 milk formula powders were carried out in 2020.

Methods: After hydrolysis, extraction, saponification and solid phase extraction, infant formula milk powder was detected by GC-MS using DB-EUPAH capillary column(20 m×0.18 mm, 0.

Spatiotemporal analysis and the characteristics of the case transmission network of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Zhejiang Province is one of the five provinces in China that had the highest incidence of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Zhejiang, ranked fourth highest in COVID-19 incidence, is located in the Yangtze River Delta region of southeast China. This study was undertaken to identify the space-time characteristics of COVID-19 in Zhejiang.

[Eight vitamin E congeners in seafood and aquatic products in Zhejiang Province].

Objective: Comparison and analysis of α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocopherol(T) and α-, β-, γ-, δ-tocotrienol(T3) in 44 species of seafood and aquatic products is under processed to enrich the database of food composition in China and provide a scientific reference for dietary intake choice.

Methods: Quantitative and correlation analysis of eight vitamin E isomers were based on external calibration method with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector, after hot saponification with alkaline and liquid-liquid extraction.

Results: The content of α-tocopherol equivalent(α-TE) in seafood and aquatic products varied greatly(from 0.

ONE Health Approach to Address Zoonotic Brucellosis: A Spatiotemporal Associations Study Between Animals and Humans.

Brucellosis is one of the most significant zoonosis over the world, threatening both veterinary and human public health. However, few studies were focused on nationwide animal brucellosis and made association with human brucellosis. We conducted a bilingual literature search on or brucellosis in China on the two largest databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed) and conducted a systematic review.

Corrigendum: Genomic Characterization of carrying Serovar 4,[5],12:i:- ST 34 Clone Isolated From Pigs in China.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.

Genomic Characterization of carrying Serovar 4,[5],12:i:- ST 34 Clone Isolated From Pigs in China.

serovar 4,[5],12:i:-, so-called Typhimurium monophasic variant, has become one of the most frequently isolated serovars both in humans and in animals all over the world. The increasing prevalence of -1-carrying poses significant global health concerns. However, the potential role of 4,[5],12:i:- in - gene migration through the food chain to the human remains obscure.

Persistent Asymptomatic Human Infections by Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in China.

serovar Newport ( Newport) infections are gradually on the rise in China from the last decade. For humans' infections, Newport has been ranked among the top five serovars responsible for persistent infections, globally. A total of 290 Newport strains with their relevant clinical metadata were analyzed, and the strains were subjected to whole-genome sequence analysis.

[Detection and content investigation of benzo[a]pyrene in infant milk powder].

Objective: To develop a method for determination of benzo[a]pyrene and to analysis of benzo[a]pyrene content in commercially available infant milk powder.

Methods: Firstly, infant milk powder was extracted with ether-petroleum ether(1∶1, V/V) under alkaline conditions, then saponified with 1. 5 mol/L potassium hydroxide ethanol solution.

Spatial-temporal characteristics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome and the relationship with meteorological factors from 2011 to 2018 in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Zhejiang Province has the fifth-highest incidence of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in China. While the top four provinces are all located in northern and central China, only Zhejiang Province is located in the Yangtze River Delta region of southeast China. This study was undertaken to identify the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS in Zhejiang from 2011 to 2018.

Evaluating the effects of control interventions and estimating the inapparent infections for dengue outbreak in Hangzhou, China.

Background: The number of dengue fever (DF) cases and the number of dengue outbreaks have increased in recent years in Zhejiang Province, China. An unexpected dengue outbreak was reported in Hangzhou in 2017 and caused more than one thousand dengue cases. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the actual control measures, estimate the proportion of inapparent infections during this outbreak and simulate epidemic development based on different levels of control measures taking inapparent infections into consideration.

Diversified sources for human infections by Salmonella enterica serovar newport.

Salmonella enterica Newport (S. Newport), with phylogenetic diversity feature, contributes to significant public health concerns. Our previous study suggested that S.

MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry-based serotyping of V. parahaemolyticus isolated from the Zhejiang province of China.

Background: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is as an important food-borne pathogen circulating in China. Since 1996, the core serotype has become O3:K6, which has specific genetic markers. This serotype causes the majority of outbreaks worldwide.

Spatial characteristics and the epidemiology of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in five waves from 2013 to 2017 in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: The five-wave epidemic of H7N9 in China emerged in the second half of 2016. This study aimed to compare the epidemiological characteristics among the five waves, estimating the possible infected cases and inferring the extent of the possible epidemic in the areas that have not reported cases before.

Methods: The data for the H7N9 cases from Zhejiang Province between 2013 and 2017 was obtained from the China Information Network System of Disease Prevention and Control.

Correlates of protection for inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine: the analysis of immunological surrogate endpoints.

Background: Inactivated Enterovirus 71 (EV71) vaccines showed significant efficacy against the diseases associated with EV71 and a neutralizing antibody (NTAb) titer of 1:16-1:32 was suggested as the correlates of the vaccine protection. This paper aims to further estimate the immunological surrogate endpoints for the protection of inactivated EV71 vaccines and the effect factors.

Methods: Pre-vaccination NTAb against EV71 at baseline (day 0), post-vaccination NTAb against EV71 at day 56, and the occurrence of laboratory-confirmed EV71-associated diseases during a 24-months follow-up period were collected from a phase 3 efficacy trial of an inactivated EV71 vaccine.

Detection of a Novel Ehrlichia Species in Haemaphysalis longicornis Tick from China.

We collected 2460 Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks from vegetation in Jiaonan County, Shandong Province, in June of 2013 and Daishan County, Zhejiang Province, China, in May of 2015. The tick DNA was subsequently amplified with nested polymerase chain reaction using Ehrlichia common 16S rRNA gene primers and Ehrlichia ewingii species-specific groEL and gltA primers. We found 0.