Exacerbated hepatotoxicity in in vivo and in vitro non-alcoholic fatty liver models by biomineralized copper sulfide nanoparticles.

Copper sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized through biomineralization have significant commercial potential as photothermal agents, while the safety evaluation of these NPs, especially for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), remains insufficient. To explore the differential hepatotoxicity of copper sulfide NPs in NAFL conditions, we synthesized large-sized (LNPs, 15.1 nm) and small-sized (SNPs, 3.

Effect of food enrichment based on diverse feeding regimes on the immunity of Nibea albiflora by biochemical and RNA-seq analysis of the spleen.

Nibea albiflora is an economically valuable aquaculture species but suffers from various diseases caused by bacteria and parasites. It is necessary to investigate some novel methods to improve the immunity. In this study, three feeding regimes (A: commercial diet; B: 90 % commercial diet+10 % ice-fresh Exopalaemon carinicauda); C: 90 % commercial diet+5 % ice-fresh Exopalaemon carinicauda + 5 % live Perinereis nuntia, named Control group, Group 1 and Group 2 with similar nutrient and energy content were designed to construct the food enrichment model to investigate their effects on the immunity of this species.

Simultaneous generation of residue-free reactive oxygen species and bacteria capture for efficient electrochemical water disinfection.

Residue-free and highly efficient techniques for drinking water disinfection are urgently needed. Herein, we report an electrochemical water disinfection system equipped with atomically precise Ag nanoclusters (NCs) as electrode materials. The deployment of these Ag NCs not only provides sufficient electrosorption sites for intelligent microbe enrichment but also ensures high-efficiency dual-mode microbial killing through the in situ electrocatalytic production of residue-free reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the inherent antimicrobial activity of Ag NCs.

Excellent quality acquisition of myofibrillar protein in red shrimp (Solenocera crassicornis) based on regulating the oxidation degree of atmospheric cold plasma treatment.

Background: Myofibrillar protein (MP) is essential for the texture and taste of shrimp surimi products. The reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) produced by atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) might cause oxidative modification of MP. In this study, the effect of different ACP treatment times on the properties of red shrimp MP was investigated in detail.

Measurement Practice of Slow Gait Speed for Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Individuals with motoric cognitive risk (MCR) syndrome have a high dementia risk. However, a knowledge gap exists in the measurement procedure for slow gait speed, which is a crucial component of MCR diagnosis. The study aimed to systematically review slow gait speed measurement practices in MCR diagnosis to identify critical constructs in gait speed measurement procedure.

Accumulation and depuration of 4,5-dihydro-KmTx2 from Karlodinium veneficum in the bivalves, Mercenaria mercenaria and Sinonovacula constricta.

Bivalves (e.g., clams, oysters, mussels, scallops) are a significant part of the global diet and are harvested for their nutritional value, but as filter feeders they are susceptible to the accumulation of toxins produced by certain species of phytoplankton.

Immunostimulatory activity of sea buckthorn polysaccharides via TLR2/4-mediated MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo.

SP0.1-1, derived from Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), has been discovered to exhibit unique antioxidant activity.

Insights into the characteristics and toxicity of microalgal biochar-derived dissolved organic matter by spectroscopy and machine learning.

Microalgal biochar has potential applications in various fields; however, there is limited research on the properties and risks of microalgal biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (MBDOM). This study examined how different pyrolysis temperatures (200 °C and 500 °C) and extraction solutions (0.1 mol/L HCl, Milli-Q water, and 0.

Tactfully introducing amphoteric group into electroactive membrane motivates highly efficient HO splitting for reversible removal and recovery of nickel(II).

Membrane-based electro-deposition (MED) is an original process promising for reversible removal and recovery of toxic heavy metal ions from wastewater. The removal efficiency of heavy metal ions, however, was limited by the poor membrane surface HO splitting in the conventional ion exchange membrane (IEM). Inspired by the amphoteric interface-triggered ion exchange resin regeneration phenomenon in electro-deionization, herein we subtly introduced the amphoteric group into IEM as a proof of concept to solve the above bottleneck.

Single-cell transcriptomes reveal spermatogonial stem cells and the dynamic heterogeneity of spermatogenesis in a seasonal breeding teleost.

Seasonal spermatogenesis in fish is driven by spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), which undergo a complex cellular process to differentiate into mature sperm. In this study, we characterized spermatogenesis in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), a marine fish of significant commercial value, based on a high-resolution single-cell RNA-sequencing atlas of testicular cells from three distinct developmental stages: juvenile, adult differentiating and regressed testes. We detailed a continuous developmental trajectory of spermatogenic cells, from spermatogonia to spermatids, elucidating the molecular events involved in spermatogenesis.

Transcriptome-wide identification and analysis reveals m6A regulation of metabolic reprogramming in shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) under virus infection.

Background: It has been reported that the most common post-transcriptional modification of eukaryotic RNA is N6-methyladenosine (m6A). Previous studies show m6A is a key regulator for viral infection and immune response. However, whether there is a pathogen stimulus-dependent m6A regulation in invertebrate shrimp has not been studied.

Effects of particle elongation on dense granular flows down a rough inclined plane.

Granular materials in nature are nearly always nonspherical, but particle shape effects in granular flow remain largely elusive. This study uses discrete element method simulations to investigate how elongated particle shapes affect the mobility of dense granular flows down a rough incline. For a range of systematically varied particle length-to-diameter aspect ratios (AR), we run simulations with various flow thicknesses h and slope angles θ to extract the well-known h_{stop}(θ) curves (below which the flow ceases) and the Fr-h/h_{stop} relations following Pouliquen's approach, where Fr=u/sqrt[gh] is the Froude number, u is the mean flow velocity, and g is the gravitational acceleration.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of the mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) using PacBio HiFi and Hi-C sequencing.

The mud carp (Cirrhinus molitorella) is an important economic farmed fish, mainly distributed in South China and Southeast Asia due to its strong adaptability and high yield. Despite its economic importance, the paucity of genomic information has constrained detailed genetic research and breeding efforts. In this study, we utilized PacBio HiFi long-read sequencing and Hi-C technologies to generate a meticulously assembled chromosome-level genome of the mud carp.

Crystal Structure Design and Synthesis of Noncentrosymmetric Superconductors in Intercalation-Induced Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.

In this paper, we have performed a crystal structure screening and properties prediction framework within the noncentrosymmetric AMX system, which arises from the intercalation of elements in transition metal dichalcogenides. After rigorous evaluations of thermodynamic and dynamic stability, we have refined our initial structure pool of 504 crystals to a focused set of 48 promising candidates. Analysis of their electronic properties has revealed that 23 of these crystals exhibit semiconducting behavior.

Trypsin from digestive tract of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp: Molecular characteristics and the inhibition by chitooligosaccharide and its catechin conjugate.

Trypsin from the digestive tract of harpiosquillid mantis shrimp (HMS) was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation and a soybean trypsin inhibitor-CNBr-activated Sepharose 4B affinity column. The purified trypsin (PTRP-HMS) had a purity of 30.4-fold, and a yield of 14.

Pollution status and assessment of seven heavy metals in the seawater and sediments of Hangzhou Bay, China.

Hangzhou Bay, one of the fastest economy and population growth region in China, was heavily polluted by a large amounts of industrial waste water and domestic sewage containing harmful heavy metal pollutants. To investigate the status of heavy metals pollution and assess the ecological risks in Hangzhou Bay, seven heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg and As) concentrations of water and sediments were analyzed. Heavy metals concentrations in sediments close to the estuarine coast and nearshore area were higher than that in other areas.

A novel antimicrobial peptide CpAMP identified from Chinese horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus.

Antibacterial peptide (AMP) is a crucial component of the innate immune system in most organism, play an important role in host defense processes. Many of these peptides have broad antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative, -positive bacteria and fungi. In the present study, a novel AMP named CpAMP was identified using transcriptome analysis in Chinese horseshoe crab.

Phased chromosome-level genome provides insights into the molecular adaptation for migratory lifestyle and population diversity for Pacific saury, Cololabis saira.

The Pacific saury (Cololabis saira) is a pelagic fish commonly found in the North Pacific Ocean. Its population diversity and migratory lifestyle have long captured global attention. Despite the inherent complexity of the C.

Cortisol suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced in vitro inflammatory response of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) via the glucocorticoid receptor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are well-established anti-inflammatory agents, with cortisol, an endogenous GC, exerting pivotal regulatory effects on normal physiological processes. However, the immune regulatory role of cortisol in teleost fish, particularly in inflammation induced by pathogenic infection, remains largely unexplored. Here, we revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers a pro-inflammatory response in the large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), as evidenced by increased expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway.