Stabilizing Layered Oxide Cathodes Based on Universal Surface Residual Alkali Conversion Chemistry for Rechargeable Secondary Batteries.

Layered transition metal oxides (LTMOs) are attractive cathode candidates for rechargeable secondary batteries because of their high theoretical capacity. Unfortunately, LTMOs suffer from severe capacity attenuation, voltage decay, and sluggish kinetics, resulting from irreversible lattice oxygen evolution and unstable cathode-electrolyte interface. Besides, LTMOs accumulate surface residual alkali species, like hydroxides and carbonates, during synthesis, limiting their practical application.

Interfacial Atomic Mechanisms of Single-Crystalline MoS Epitaxy on Sapphire.

The epitaxial growth of molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) on sapphire substrates enables the formation of single-crystalline monolayer MoS₂ with exceptional material properties on a wafer scale. Despite this achievement, the underlying growth mechanisms remain a subject of debate. The epitaxial interface is critical for understanding these mechanisms, yet its exact atomic configuration has previously been unclear.

Extracellular matrix re-normalization to improve cold tumor penetration by oncolytic viruses.

Immunologically inert or cold tumors pose a substantial challenge to the effectiveness of immunotherapy. The use of oncolytic viruses (OVs) to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumor cells is a well-established strategy for initiating the cancer immunity cycle (CIC). This process promotes the trafficking and infiltration of CD8+ T cells into tumors, thereby eliciting a tumor-specific immune response.

Automated Laser-Assisted Single-Cell Sorting for Cell Functional and RNA Sequencing.

Accurate and efficient sorting of single target cells is crucial for downstream single-cell analysis, such as RNA sequencing, to uncover cellular heterogeneity and functional characteristics. However, conventional single-cell sorting techniques, such as manual micromanipulation or fluorescence-activated cell sorting, do not match current demands and are limited by low throughput, low sorting efficiency and precision, or limited cell viability. Here, we report an automated, highly efficient single-cell sorter, integrating laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) with a high-throughput picoliter micropore array.

A shear-responsive and lubricating hyaluronic acid-chondroitin sulfate-decellularized matrix hydrogel for articular cartilage regeneration.

The high-dynamic, high-loading environment in the joint cavity puts urgent demands on the cartilage regenerative materials with shear responsiveness and lubrication. Here, a new type of injectable hydrogel composed of oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA), adipic dihydrazide-grafted hyaluronic acid (HA-ADH), oxidized chondroitin sulfate (OChs), and decellularized extracellular matrix methacrylate (dECMMA) was fabricated. The aldehyde groups in OHA and OChs reacted with the amino groups in HA-ADH to form a dynamic hydrogel, which was then covalently crosslinked with dECMMA to create a dual-crosslinked hydrogel with sufficient mechanical strength.

Miniaturized spectral sensing with a tunable optoelectronic interface.

Reconstructive optoelectronic spectroscopy has generated substantial interest in the miniaturization of traditional spectroscopic tools, such as spectrometers. However, most state-of-the-art demonstrations face fundamental limits of rank deficiency in the photoresponse matrix. In this work, we demonstrate a miniaturized spectral sensing system using an electrically tunable compact optoelectronic interface, which generates distinguishable photoresponses from various input spectra, enabling accurate spectral identification with a device footprint of 5 micrometers by 5 micrometers.

Gaseous Synergistic Self-Assembly and Arraying to Develop Bio-Organic Photocapacitors for Neural Photostimulation.

Bioinspired supramolecular architectonics is attracting increasing interest due to their flexible organization and multifunctionality. However, state-of-the-art bioinspired architectonics generally take place in solvent-based circumstance, thus leading to achieving precise control over the self-assembly remains challenging. Moreover, the intrinsic difficulty of ordering the bio-organic self-assemblies into stable large-scale arrays in the liquid environment for engineering devices severely restricts their extensive applications.

Photoinitiated Thiol-Ene Click Reaction for Preparation of Highly Adhesive and Mechanically Stable Silicone Coatings for Marine Antifouling and Anticorrosion.

Marine biofouling and corrosion have become the main problems affecting the development of the marine industry. Silicone-based coatings have been widely used for antifouling and anticorrosion due to their low surface energy. However, the poor adhesion and low mechanical stability of these materials limit their application in complex marine environments.

Abrupt transformation of west Greenland lakes following compound climate extremes associated with atmospheric rivers.

Arctic ecosystems are affected by accelerated warming as well as the intensification of the hydrologic cycle, yet understanding of the impacts of compound climate extremes (e.g., simultaneous extreme heat and rainfall) remains limited, despite their high potential to alter ecosystems.

Research on the Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Mechanical Ocular Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with mechanical ocular injuries, and the effects of worry and resilience on anxiety and depression.

Patients And Methods: Patients with one eye of mechanical ocular injuries and healthy residents were recruited from June 8, 2022, to March 1, 2023. All subjects participated in psychologically relevant questionnaires including the Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS), the Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS), the Connor- Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire(PSWQ).

A multi-modal dental dataset for semi-supervised deep learning image segmentation.

In response to the increasing prevalence of dental diseases, dental health, a vital aspect of human well-being, warrants greater attention. Panoramic X-ray images (PXI) and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) are key tools for dentists in diagnosing and treating dental conditions. Additionally, deep learning for tooth segmentation can focus on relevant treatment information and localize lesions.

A brief review on the progress of MXene-based catalysts for electro- and photochemical water splitting for hydrogen generation.

The development and generation of affordable and highly efficient energy, particularly hydrogen, are one of the best approaches to address the challenges posed by the depletion of non-renewable energy sources. Hydrogen energy, as a green and ecosystem-friendly source with zero carbon emission, can be generated through various methods, including water splitting (HER/OER) either photo- or electrocatalytic reactions. To implement these reactions effectively in practical applications, it is highly desirable to develop extremely efficient and cost-effective catalytic materials that are comparable to contemporary catalysts.

Coupled 4D Flow-Geomechanics Simulation to Characterize Dynamic Fracture Propagation in Tight Sandstone Reservoirs.

Although China's low-permeability and tight oil reservoir utilization and newly proven reserves are growing annually, the overall recovery of such reservoirs is generally low. One of the main factors influencing the low recovery is the effect of intricate dynamic fracture propagations on the remaining oil distribution. Constrained by the evolution of an in situ stress field and the accumulation of fluid injection volumes, the growth of dynamic fractures allows a production profile of water breakthrough.

Versatile platforms of mussel-inspired agarose scaffold for cell cultured meat.

Introduction: Biomaterial scaffolds are critical for cell cultured meat production. polysaccharide scaffolds lack essential animal cell adhesion receptors, leading to significant challenges in cell proliferation and myogenic differentiation. Thus, enhancing cell adhesion and growth on polysaccharide scaffolds is strongly required to supply the gaps in cell-cultured meat production.

Reversion of Supra-Ventricular Tachycardia Through High Positive End-Expiratory Pressure During Mechanical Ventilation in Critically Ill Patients.

The Valsalva manoeuvre is widely recognised for its effectiveness in reverting supra-ventricular tachycardia (SVT) in patients with good coordination. However, this is not applicable in sedated ventilated patients and there is a dearth of literature regarding the application of Valsalva in unconscious patients on mechanical ventilation. The authors, for the first time, present a novel non-pharmacological method to treat SVT in critically ill patients on mechanical ventilation, employing the high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) technique.

Protecting monoclonal antibodies via competitive interfacial adsorption of nonionic surfactants.

Hypothesis: Bioengineered monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have gained significant recognition as medical therapies. However, during processing, storage and use, mAbs are susceptible to interfacial adsorption and desorption, leading to structural deformation and aggregation, and undermining their bioactivity. To suppress antibody surface adsorption, nonionic surfactants are commonly used in formulation.

Chirality Interplay of Peptide and Saccharide on Glycopeptide Self-Assembly.

Saccharides and peptides with markedly disparate stereochemical features serve as pivotal chiral molecular partners in living systems. The importance of glycosylation in influencing glycopeptide self-assembly has been recognized. However, how different chiral combinations of saccharides and peptides influence the macroscopic hydrogel mechanics, fiber nanomechanics, asymmetric molecular packing, and thermodynamic changes during glycopeptide self-assembly remains unknown.

Hemodynamic Evaluation of Intra-Aortic Dual-Balloon Pump Based on Fluid-Structure Interaction.

The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) is a widely-used mechanical circulatory support device that enhances hemodynamics in patients with heart conditions. Although the IABP is a common clinical tool, its effectiveness in enhancing outcomes for patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock remains disputed. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of intra-aortic dual-balloon pump (IADBP) and its impact on aortic hemodynamics compared with an IABP.

Phytic Acid-Induced Gradient Hydrogels for Highly Sensitive and Broad Range Pressure Sensing.

Ionic conductive hydrogels have emerged as an excellent option for constructing dielectric layers of interfacial iontronic sensors. Among these, gradient ionic hydrogels, due to the intrinsic gradient elastic modulus, can achieve a wide range of pressure responses. However, the fabrication of gradient hydrogels with optimal mechanical and sensing properties remains a challenge.

Spontaneous curvature in two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures.

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals heterostructures consist of different 2D crystals with diverse properties, constituting the cornerstone of the new generation of 2D electronic devices. Yet interfaces in heterostructures inevitably break bulk symmetry and structural continuity, resulting in delicate atomic rearrangements and novel electronic structures. In this paper, we predict that 2D interfaces undergo "spontaneous curvature", which means when two flat 2D layers approach each other, they inevitably experience out-of-plane curvature.

TiO-Based Implantable Memristor for Biomedical Engineering.

Implantable memristors are considered an emerging electronic technology that can simulate brain memory function and demonstrate some promising applications in the biomedical field. However, it remains a critical challenge to enhance their long-term stability and biocompatibility in implantation environments. In this work, an implantable memristor has been successfully fabricated based on TiO using magnetron sputtering.

Protein prenylation in mechanotransduction: implications for disease and therapy.

The process by which cells translate external mechanical cues into intracellular biochemical signals involves intricate mechanisms that remain unclear. In recent years, research into post-translational modifications (PTMs) has offered valuable insights into this field, spotlighting protein prenylation as a crucial mechanism in cellular mechanotransduction and various human diseases. Protein prenylation, which involves the covalent attachment of isoprenoid groups to specific substrate proteins, profoundly affects the functions of key mechanotransduction proteins such as Rho, Ras, and lamins.

Foot tissue stress in chronic ankle instability during the stance phase of cutting.

Lower limb biomechanics of chronic ankle instability (CAI) individuals has been widely investigated, but few have evaluated the internal foot mechanics in CAI. This study evaluated bone and soft tissue stress in CAI contrasted with copers and non-injured participants during a cutting task. Integrating scanned 3D foot shapes and free-form deformation, sixty-six personalized finite element foot models were developed.

Influence of drilling incidence angle on the drilling force distribution of pneumatic impactor.

Pneumatic impactor is widely used in the drilling process of various medium and high hard rocks with poor drill ability. Currently, there is relatively little analysis on the impact of the inclination of the rock surface during the drilling process on the drilling efficiency and excavation capability of pneumatic impactors. Based on the dynamic theory of impact drilling and finite element method (FEM), the constitutive model of HJC criterion and INVENTOR 3D mechanical structure design software, a 3D numerical analysis system of piston-bit head-rock during pneumatic impactor drilling is established by ANSYS LS-DYNA, a nonlinear dynamic analysis software.

A prediction method and evaluation for assessing guide-supported dental implant accuracy.

Functional and esthetic results require accurate implant placement. We aimed to develop a predictive method for assessing dental implant accuracy, and to evaluate the cumulative system influence of surgical guides. A mathematical model was constructed to determine the influence of surface changes on a specific point, using Jacobian matrix expressions.