Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with imaginal exposure therapy for adolescents with acute stress disorder: case report.

Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a transient psychiatric disorder that may arise subsequent to abrupt, extreme trauma exposure, and serves as a reliable indicator for the subsequent development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Bryant, 2011; Battle, 2013). It exhibits rapid progression in the aftermath of trauma and persists for a duration of days or weeks (not exceeding one month), manifesting symptoms of dissociation, re-experiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal (Bielas et al., 2018).

Clinical efficacy and safety of vortioxetine as an adjuvant drug for patients with bipolar depression.

Objectives: Whether vortioxetine has a utility as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of bipolar depression remains controversial. This study aimed to validate the efficacy and safety of vortioxetine in bipolar depression.

Methods: Patients with bipolar Ⅱ depression were enrolled in this prospective, two-center, randomized, 12-week pilot trial.

Alterations of subcortical structural volume in pediatric bipolar disorder patients with and without psychotic symptoms.

Background: Pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) with psychotic symptoms may predict more severe impairment in social functioning, but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate alterations in subcortical structural volume in PBD with and without psychotic symptoms.

Methods: We recruited 24 psychotic PBD (P-PBD) patients, 24 non-psychotic PBD (NP-PBD) patients, and 18 healthy controls (HCs).

Esketamine alleviates LPS-induced depression-like behavior by activating Nrf2-mediated anti-inflammatory response in adolescent mice.

Background: The mechanisms underlying esketamine's therapeutic effects remain elusive. The study aimed to explore the impact of single esketamine treatment on LPS-induced adolescent depressive-like behaviors and the role of Nrf2 regulated neuroinflammatory response in esketamine-produced rapid antidepressant efficacy.

Methods: Adolescent male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to three groups: control, LPS, and LPS + esketamine (15 mg/kg, i.

Peripheral Single-Cell Immune Characteristics Contribute to the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia With Lewy Bodies.

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) are common neurodegenerative diseases with distinct but overlapping pathogenic mechanisms. The clinical similarities between these diseases often result in high misdiagnosis rates, leading to serious consequences. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are easy to collect and can accurately reflect the immune characteristics of both DLB and AD.

Cognitive Remediation in Patients With Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Trial by Sequential tDCS and Navigated rTMS Targeting the Primary Visual Cortex.

Background: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), has emerged as a promising alternative in the precise treatment of clinical symptoms, such as the cognitive impairment of bipolar disorder (BD). Optimizing the neurocognitive effects by combining tDCS and rTMS to strengthen the clinical outcome is a challenging research issue.

Objective: In this randomized, controlled trial, we first combined tDCS and neuronavigated rTMS targeting the V1 region to explore the efficacy on neurocognitive function in BD patients with depressive episodes.

A Randomized Controlled Study of Efficacy and Cognitive Function Improvement of Vortioxetine and Escitalopram in Patients with Depression in Chinese Han Nationality.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Vortioxetine and Escitalopram in improving cognition in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: At baseline, 131 MDD patients and 70 healthy controls completed the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Patients with MDD were randomly divided into Vortioxetine (n = 62) and Escitalopram (n = 69) groups with an 8-week follow-up research.

Exploring the association between childhood trauma and limbic system subregion volumes in healthy individuals: a neuroimaging study.

Background: Childhood trauma (CT) is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders. Emotional and cognitive functions are often affected in many psychiatric conditions, and these functions are mediated by the limbic system. However, previous research has primarily focused on patient populations.

Bridging Three Years of Insights: Examining the Association Between Depression and Gallstone Disease.

Background: Despite sharing common pathophysiological risk factors, the relationship between gallstones and depression requires further evidence for a clearer understanding. This study combines the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017 - 2020 observational data and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to shed light on the potential correlation between these conditions.

Methods: By analyzing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017 - 2020 data through weighted multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, we examined the association between depression and gallstone risk.

Alterations of subcortical structure volume in pediatric bipolar disorder patients with manic or depressive first-episode.

Background: Bipolar disorder may begin as depression or mania, which can affect the treatment and prognosis. The physiological and pathological differences among pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) patients with different onset symptoms are not clear. The aims of the present study were to investigate subcortical structural alterations in PBD patients with first-episode depressive (PBD-FED) and first-episode manic (PBD-FEM).

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with imaginal exposure therapy for adolescents with acute stress disorder: case report.

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Hippocampal mitophagy contributes to spatial memory via maintaining neurogenesis during the development of mice.

Background: Impaired mitochondrial dynamics have been identified as a significant contributing factor to reduced neurogenesis under pathological conditions. However, the relationship among mitochondrial dynamics, neurogenesis, and spatial memory during normal development remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the role of mitophagy in spatial memory mediated by neurogenesis during development.

Serum signature of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, and cytomegalovirus in females with bipolar disorder: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Aim: Immunity alterations have been observed in bipolar disorder (BD). However, whether serum positivity of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii (T gondii), rubella, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) shared clinical relevance with BD, remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate this association.

The safety and efficacy of escitalopram and sertraline in post-stroke depression: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of escitalopram and sertraline in post-stroke depression (PSD) patients, to provide more reliable therapeutics for cardiovascular and psychiatric clinical practice.

Methods: We recruited 60 patients (aged 40-89 years old) with an ICD-10 diagnosis of PSD, who were then randomly assigned to two groups and treated with flexible doses of escitalopram (10 to 20 mg/day, n = 30) or sertraline (50 to 200 mg/day, n = 30) for consecutive 8 weeks, respectively. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24), the 14-item Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA-14), the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MOCA), and the Activity of Daily Living scale (ADL) were used to assess patients before, during, and after treatment for depression, anxiety, adverse effects, cognitive function, and daily living activities.

Aberrant single-subject morphological brain networks in first-episode, treatment-naive adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Background: Neuroimaging-based connectome studies have indicated that major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with disrupted topological organization of large-scale brain networks. However, the disruptions and their clinical and cognitive relevance are not well established for morphological brain networks in adolescent MDD.

Objective: To investigate the topological alterations of single-subject morphological brain networks in adolescent MDD.

Efficacy and tolerability of FDA-approved atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of bipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

We employed a Bayesian network meta-analysis for comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) for the treatment of bipolar patients with depressive episodes. Sixteen randomized controlled trials with 7234 patients treated by one of the five AAPs (cariprazine, lumateperone, lurasidone, olanzapine, and quetiapine) were included. For the response rate (defined as an improvement of ≥50% from baseline on the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]), all AAPs were more efficacious than placebo.

Task-state skin potential abnormalities can distinguish major depressive disorder and bipolar depression from healthy controls.

Early detection of bipolar depression (BPD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) has been challenging due to the lack of reliable and easily measurable biological markers. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of discriminating patients with mood disorders from healthy controls based on task state skin potential characteristics and their correlation with individual indicators of oxidative stress. A total of 77 patients with BPD, 53 patients with MDD, and 79 healthy controls were recruited.

The impact of CYP3A5*3 on oral quetiapine: A population pharmacokinetic model in Chinese bipolar disorder patients.

Background: There is great interindividual difference in the plasma concentration of quetiapine, and optimizing quetiapine therapy to achieve a balance between efficacy and safety is still a challenge. In our study, a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model considering genetic information was developed with the expectation of comprehensively explaining this observation in Chinese patients with bipolar disorder.

Methods: Patients who were dispensed quetiapine and underwent the therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) were included.

Progress and Implications from Genetic Studies of Bipolar Disorder.

With the advancements in gene sequencing technologies, including genome-wide association studies, polygenetic risk scores, and high-throughput sequencing, there has been a tremendous advantage in mapping a detailed blueprint for the genetic model of bipolar disorder (BD). To date, intriguing genetic clues have been identified to explain the development of BD, as well as the genetic association that might be applied for the development of susceptibility prediction and pharmacogenetic intervention. Risk genes of BD, such as CACNA1C, ANK3, TRANK1, and CLOCK, have been found to be involved in various pathophysiological processes correlated with BD.