Gut microbiota mediated T cells regulation and autoimmune diseases.

Gut microbiota regulates the immune system, the development and progression of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and overall health. Recent studies have played a crucial part in understanding the specific role of different gut bacterial strains and their metabolites in different AIDs. Microbial signatures in AIDs are revealed by advanced sequencing and metabolomics studies.

A nomogram model to predict the high risk of lower live birth probability in young women undergoing the first IVF-ET cycle: a retrospective study.

Objective: To build a prediction nomogram for early prediction of live birth probabilities according to number of oocytes retrieved in women ≤ 35 years of age.

Methods: A prediction model was built including 9265 infertile women ≤ 35 years of age accepting their first ovum pick-up cycle from January 2018 to December 2022. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was performed to identify independent predictors and establish a nomogram to predict reproductive outcomes.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Helminth-Derived Products: Potential Applications and Challenges in Diabetes Mellitus Management.

The global rise in diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly type 2 diabetes (T2D), has become a major public health challenge. According to the "hygiene hypothesis", helminth infections may offer therapeutic benefits for DM. These infections are known to modulate immune responses, reduce inflammation, and improve insulin sensitivity.

The Predictive Value of TyG Index and NLR for Risk of CHD and the Severity of Coronary Artery Lesions in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: There is a paucity of research examining the Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in relation to the onset and severity of coronary heart disease (CHD) in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aims to explore the relationship between these biomarkers and the risk of CHD in T2DM patients and clarify their association with the CHD severity.

Methods: A total of 518 patients with T2DM who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) were included and categorized into either the T2DM group or the T2DM combined with CHD group based on the angiographic findings.

Psychological stress dysfunction in women with premenstrual syndrome.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) encompasses a range of emotional, physiological, and behavioral symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (MC) and resolve with the onset of menstruation. These symptoms, which can include fatigue, physical pain, anxiety, irritability, and depression, significantly affect women's daily lives and overall well-being. In severe cases, PMS can progress to premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), profoundly impairing quality of life.

Dysregulation of ubiquitination modification in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant tumor of the renal tubular epithelial cells with a relatively high incidence rate worldwide. A large number of studies have indicated that dysregulation of the ubiquitination, including ubiquitination and dysregulation, is associated with the occurrence and development of RCC. This review focuses on several abnormal signaling pathways caused by E3 ligases and deubiquitinases.

Early allelopathic input and later nutrient addition mediated by litter decomposition of invasive affect native plant and facilitate its invasion.

Litter decomposition is essential for nutrient and chemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Previous research on litter decomposition has often underestimated its impact on soil nutrient dynamics and allelopathy. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive study involving both field and greenhouse experiments to examine the decomposition and allelopathic effects of the invasive L.

A global analysis of plant nutrient limitation affected by atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorous deposition.

Uncovering the response of plant functional types (PFTs) to nutrient limitation caused by atmospheric deposition is critical for assessing the health of terrestrial ecosystems under climate change conditions. However, it remains unclear how atmospheric deposition and underlying ecological factors affect PFTs globally. To address this, we compiled a global dataset of four PFTs, i.

Fatigue in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In recent years, there has been an observed increase in the global diagnosis rate of inflammatory bowel disease among children and adolescents. In inactive disease states, fatigue has emerged as the most debilitating symptom, while in active disease states, it ranks second. However, there remains a notable lack of understanding regarding fatigue in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease patients.

A novel variant c.7104 + 6T > A of linked to autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis verified by minigene splicing assay.

Background: Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis (ARCI) is a group of genetic skin disorders characterized by abnormal keratinization, leading to significant health issues and reduced quality of life. ARCI encompasses harlequin ichthyosis (HI), congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma (CIE), and lamellar ichthyosis (LI). While all ARCI genes are linked to LI and CIE, HI is specifically associated with severe mutations in the gene.

Diagnostic value of basal sex hormone levels and pelvic B-mode ultrasound in central precocious puberty among female children.

Background: This study aims to explore the diagnostic significance of basal sex hormone levels and pelvic B-mode ultrasound in the context of central precocious puberty (CPP) in female children.

Methods: A cohort study was conducted at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 2014 to January 2024. The study enrolled female children exhibiting early breast development before the age of 8 and subjected them to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation tests.

Safranal ameliorates testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury in testicular torsion-detorsion rat model.

Background: Testicular torsion-detorsion damage is a common ischemia-reperfusion injury brought on by an excess of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species may affect cellular differentiation by regulating gene expression. The gene expression in the testis is essential for spermatogenesis.

Nanomembrane on Graphene: Delamination Dynamics and 3D Construction.

Freestanding nanomembranes fabricated by lift-off technology have been widely utilized in microelectromechanical systems, soft electronics, and microrobotics. However, a conventional chemical etching strategy to eliminate nanomembrane adhesion often restricts material choice and compromises quality. Herein, we propose a nanomembrane-on-graphene strategy that leverages the weak van der Waals adhesion on graphene to achieve scalable and controllable release and 3D construction of nanomembranes.

Advanced Catalysts for the Chemical Recycling of Plastic Waste.

Plastic products bring convenience to various aspects of the daily lives due to their lightweight, durability and versatility, but the massive accumulation of post-consumer plastic waste is posing significant environmental challenges. Catalytic methods can effectively convert plastic waste into value-added feedstocks, with catalysts playing an important role in regulating the yield and selectivity of products. This review explores the latest advancements in advanced catalysts applied in thermal catalysis, microwave-assisted catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, and enzymatic catalysis reaction systems for the chemical recycling of plastic waste into valuable feedstocks.

Highly Efficient Monolithic Perovskite/TOPCon Silicon Tandem Solar Cells Enabled by "Halide Locking".

Perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs) are promising candidates for commercialization due to their outstanding power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). However, controlling the crystallization process and alleviating the phases/composition inhomogeneity represent a considerable challenge for perovskite layers grown on rough silicon substrates, ultimately limiting the efficiency and stability of TSC. Here, this study reports a "halide locking" strategy that simultaneously modulates the nucleation and crystal growth process of wide bandgap perovskites by introducing a multifunctional ammonium salt, thioacetylacetamide hydrochloride (TAACl), to bind with all types of cations and anions in the mixed halide perovskite precursor.

Unlocking Chiral Sulfinimidoyl Electrophiles: Asymmetric Synthesis of Sulfinamides Catalyzed by Anionic Stereogenic-at-Cobalt(III) Complexes.

Asymmetric catalysis involving a sulfoxide electrophile intermediate presents an efficient methodology for accessing stereogenic-at-sulfur compounds, such as sulfinate esters, sulfinamides, , which have garnered increasing attention in modern pharmaceutical sciences. However, as the aza-analog of sulfoxide electrophiles, the asymmetric issues about electrophilic sulfinimidoyl species remain largely unexplored and represent a significant challenge in sulfur stereochemistry. Herein, we exhibit an anionic stereogenic-at-cobalt(III) complex-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral sulfinamides via chiral sulfinimidoyl iodide intermediates.

Sleep features and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the associations between multidimensional sleep features and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We conducted a systematic search across the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for observational studies examining the association between nighttime sleep duration, nighttime sleep quality, sleep chronotype, and daytime napping with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), up to October 1, 2024. If < 50%, a combined analysis was performed based on a fixed-effects model, and vice versa, using a random-effects model.

Liposomal mitoxantrone monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T-cell and natural killer-cell neoplasms: A phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm trial.

Introduction: The prognosis of relapsed or refractory mature T- and natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma remains dismal. Novel agents are urgently needed to improve the outcomes for this population.

Methods: In this phase 2, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study (NCT03776279), the authors report the efficacy and safety of liposomal mitoxantrone (Lipo-MIT) monotherapy in patients with relapsed or refractory mature T- and NK-cell lymphoma.

Associations between class-level factors and student physical activity during physical education lessons in China.

Background: The purpose of this study is to explore the association between class-level factors, such as lesson start time, class size, lesson location, PE content, and PE context, and student engagement in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during PE lessons in both elementary and middle schools.

Methods: A total of 284 PE lessons from ten schools in Shanghai, Eastern China, were included in the study. Students' MVPA during PE lessons was recorded using accelerometry, and lesson context was evaluated using the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT).

Gastric cancer-derived exosomal let-7 g-5p mediated by SERPINE1 promotes macrophage M2 polarization and gastric cancer progression.

Background: Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), particularly M2-polarized TAMs, are significant contributors to tumor progression, immune evasion, and therapy resistance in gastric cancer (GC). Despite efforts to target TAM recruitment or depletion, clinical efficacy remains limited. Consequently, the identification of targets that specifically inhibit or reprogram M2-polarized TAMs presents a promising therapeutic strategy.

Development of competency framework for postgraduate anesthesia training in China: a Delphi study.

Background: Standardized postgraduate medical education (PGME) in anesthesiology is not well-defined in China. Establishing a competency framework for postgraduate anesthesia training (PGAT) is essential for standardizing and enhancing the quality of training and patient care.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a competency framework for PGAT in China.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and liver fibrosis in adults with metabolism-related fatty liver disease in the United States: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2017-2020.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and liver fibrosis (LF) in U.S. adults with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MAFLD).

Intravenous anesthesia with high-flow nasal cannula improves recovery in elderly undergoing ureteroscopic lithotripsy: a prospective controlled study.

Background: Intravenous anesthesia with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been reported to benefit oxygen reserves and enhance postoperative recovery in surgeries requiring low neuromuscular blockade. This study investigated whether HFNC improves recovery quality in elderly undergoing ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy (UHLL).

Methods: We enrolled 106 elderly patients undergoing UHLL, with 96 patients (48 per group) included in the final analysis.

[Analysis of multimorbidity trends and influencing factors of internet addiction and depression symptoms among middle school students in Zhejiang Province].

To analyze the multimorbidity trends and influencing factors of internet addiction and depressive symptoms among middle school students in Zhejiang Province. From 2018 to 2023, a multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select middle school students aged 12 to 18 in Zhejiang Province. Internet addiction and depression status were measured by the Internet Addiction Scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.