Arginine and colorectal cancer: Exploring arginine-related therapeutic strategies and novel insights into cancer immunotherapies.

Concerning the progression of societies and the evolution of lifestyle and dietary habits, the potential for the development of human malignancies, particularly colorectal cancer (CRC), has markedly escalated, positioning it as one of the most prevalent and lethal forms of cancer globally. Empirical evidence indicates that the metabolic processes of cancerous and healthy cells can significantly impact immune responses and the fate of tumors. Arginine, a multifaceted amino acid, assumes a crucial and paradoxical role in various metabolic pathways, as certain tumors exhibit arginine auxotrophy while others do not.

Chlorpheniramine maleate exerts an anti-keloid activity by regulation of IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Keloids are abnormal scars formed due to fibroblast dysfunction and excessively deposited extracellular matrix (ECM). Despite the unclear process leading to the occurrence of keloids, several studies have demonstrated that histamine and its H1 receptor can effectively regulate fibroblast functions, contributing to keloid formation. Chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) as a first-generation H1 antihistamine has been widely applied in symptomatic treatment of allergic conditions but its effects on keloids are unknown.

Rapid and accurate metabolite identification of traditional Chinese medicine based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS coupled with UNIFI analysis platform and quantitative structure-retention relationship: Danshen-Honghua herbal pair as an example.

In recent years, metabolite identification of chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been extensively studied. However, due to the intricacy of metabolic processes and the low concentration of metabolites, identifying metabolites of TCM in vivo is still a tough work. Meanwhile, credibility of metabolite identification through mass spectrum technology has been called into question by reason of the lack of metabolite standards.

Cathepsin B dependent activatable trigger fluorophore (CAT-Fluor) for in situ functional imaging of antibody-drug conjugates.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) have emerged as an important class of therapeutic agents that combine the target specificity of a monoclonal antibody with the potency of a cytotoxic payload. Despite clinical success, our understanding of receptor endocytosis and ADC toxicity remains limited. Less than 1% of ADCs reach tumors, raising concerns about off-target cytotoxicity.

Enantioselection behaviors and risk assessments of chiral pesticide ethiprole and its chiral metabolite ethiprole amide in five kinds of vegetables.

Ethiprole is a second-generation phenylpyrazole insecticide used in agricultural production as an alternative to fipronil due to its lower toxicity to bees. Ethiprole amide is chiral metabolite of ethiprole, but information regarding its formation and degradation in vegetables is limited. Here, the absolute configuration of ethiprole amide enantiomer was determined through circular dichroism, and the behaviors of chiral ethiprole and its metabolites in five kinds of vegetables were studied through field experiments.

Early-life Exposure to Tobacco Smoke and the Risk of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Population-based Cohort Study.

Rationale: Tobacco smoking is a well-established risk factor for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), yet the influence of early-life tobacco exposure on future IPF risk remains poorly understood.

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that early-life tobacco exposure may elevate the risk of developing IPF, with this effect potentially modified by genetic susceptibility to IPF and mediated through accelerated biological aging.

Methods: Using data from over 430,000 participants in the UK Biobank, we performed a prospective cohort study to examine the associations of maternal smoking around birth and age of smoking initiation with IPF risk.

Auditory Global-Local Processing Under Tonal Language Background: Effect of Attention and Autistic Traits.

Purpose: Neurotypical individuals show a robust "global precedence effect (GPE)" when processing hierarchically structured visual information. However, the auditory domain remains understudied. The current research serves to fill the knowledge gap on auditory global-local processing across the broader autism phenotype under the tonal language background.

One-dimensional nanosonosensitizer boosted multiple branches of immune responses against MHC-deficient immune-evasive urologic tumor.

Cancer immunotherapies rely on CD8 cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in recognition and eradication of tumor cells via antigens presented on major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) molecules. However, we observe MHC-I deficiency in human and murine urologic tumors, posing daunting challenges for successful immunotherapy. We herein report an unprecedented nanosonosensitizer of one-dimensional bamboo-like multisegmented manganese dioxide@manganese-bismuth vanadate (BMMBV) to boost multiple branches of immune responses targeting MHC-I-deficient tumors.

Incidence and Risk Factors for Orthopedic Device-Related Pressure Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: As orthopedic trauma increases, the resultant use of orthopedic devices and associated pressure injuries has increased.

Objective: This study aims to systematically evaluate the incidence and risk factors for orthopedic device-related pressure injuries.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ClNAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database from their inception until November 30, 2023.

The multifaceted role of the inferior colliculus in sensory prediction, reward processing, and decision-making.

The inferior colliculus (IC) has traditionally been regarded as an important relay in the auditory pathway, primarily involved in relaying auditory information from the brainstem to the thalamus. However, this study uncovers the multifaceted role of the IC in bridging auditory processing, sensory prediction, and reward prediction. Through extracellular recordings in monkeys engaged in a sound duration-based deviation detection task, we observed a 'climbing effect' in neuronal firing rates, indicative of an enhanced response over sound sequences linked to sensory prediction rather than reward anticipation.

Relationships between multivitamins, blood biochemistry markers, and BMC and BMD based on RF: A cross-sectional and population-based study of NHANES, 2017-2018.

Background: Previous studies have separately suggested a possible association between the vitamin exposure, blood biochemical indicators, and bone density. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin exposure serum concentrations, blood biochemical indicator serum concentrations, and BMC and BMD using the NHANES 2017-2018 nutrient survey data. This population-based cross-sectional study aimed to explore these associations.

Efficient Double-Layer Evaporators with Adjustable Pores for Sustainable Solar Evaporation.

Solar-driven desalination technology is currently an important way to obtain freshwater resources. Significantly, porous materials are used as substrate materials of interface solar evaporator, and their specific impact of water transport property and thermal management during evaporation is worth exploring. In this paper, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) sponges were prepared by a chemical foaming method, adjusted the PVA polymerization degree, and formaldehyde-hydroxyl ratio to regulate the pore size, and polypyrrole (PPy) was grown in situ on the surface skeleton of PVA sponge to construct a new interfacial solar evaporator (PPy/PVA) with different pore structures.

Extended Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory for Multibody Densities.

Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) is widely used for understanding and predicting properties and behaviors of matter. As one of the fundamental theorems in TDDFT, Van Leeuwen theorem [Phys. Rev.

Quasi-Two-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Spin Fluctuations in the Spin-Triplet Superconductor Candidate CeRh_{2}As_{2}.

The tetragonal heavy-fermion superconductor CeRh_{2}As_{2} (T_{c}=0.3  K) exhibits an exceptionally high critical field of 14 T for B∥c. It undergoes a field-driven first-order phase transition between superconducting states, potentially transitioning from spin-singlet to spin-triplet superconductivity.

Precise Measurement of the e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} Cross Section at Center-of-Mass Energies from Threshold to 4.95 GeV.

Using the e^{+}e^{-} collision data collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, at center-of-mass energies from the threshold to 4.95 GeV, we present precise measurements of the cross section for the process e^{+}e^{-}→D_{s}^{+}D_{s}^{-} using a single-tag method. The resulting cross section line shape exhibits several new structures, thereby offering an input for a future coupled-channel analysis and model tests, which are critical to understand vector charmonium-like states with masses between 4 and 5 GeV.

FoxO1 promotes high glucose-induced inflammation and cataract formation via JAK1/STAT1.

Purpose: To investigate whether in diabetic cataract (DC), FoxO1 regulates high glucose (HG)-induced activation of NLRC4/IL-6 inflammatory mediators in human lens epithelial cells (SRA01/04) via the JAK1/STAT1 pathway, leading to cataract formation.

Methods: Expression levels of FoxO1, inflammatory factor IL-6 and inflammatory vesicle NLRC4 were examined in SRA01/04 under high glucose (HG) stress at 25-150 mM. Rat lenses were also cultured using HG medium with or without the addition of the FoxO1 inhibitor AS1842856 and the JAK1 agonist RO8191.

Crystalline lens power and astigmatism calculation in myopia by swept-source optical coherence tomography: A pilot study.

Purpose: To calculate the crystalline lens power and astigmatism, as well as their changes following cycloplegia, in individuals with myopia using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT).

Methods: Participants were divided into two groups according to axial length (AL). Crystalline lens parameters, including power, lens thickness (LT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and astigmatism, were measured with SS-OCT and analysed before and after cycloplegia.

Automatic multimodal registration of cone-beam computed tomography and intraoral scans: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate recent advances in the automatic multimodal registration of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans (IOS) and their clinical significance in dentistry.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in October 2024 across the PubMed, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore databases, including studies that were published in the past decade. The inclusion criteria were as follows: English-language studies, randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and retrospective studies.

Mining versatile feruloyl esterases: phylogenetic classification, structural features, and deep learning model.

Feruloyl esterases (FEs, EC 3.1.1.

SHP2 promotes the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in triple negative breast cancer cells by regulating β-catenin.

Purpose: Growing evidence suggests that the tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 is pivotal for tumor progression. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most lethal subtype of breast cancer, characterized by its high recurrence rate, aggressive metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. Understanding the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the underlying molecular pathways in TNBC could aid in identifying new therapeutic targets.

Enantiomer-Dependent Supramolecular Antibacterial Therapy for Drug-Resistant Bacterial Keratitis.

Bacteria have the potential to exhibit divergent stereochemical preferences for different levels of chiral structures, including from molecule, supramolecule, to nanomicroscale helical structure. Accordingly, the structure-activity relationship between chirality and bactericidal activity remains uncertain. In this study, we seek to understand the multivalent molecular chirality effect of chiral supramolecular polymers on antibacterial activity.

Salvianolic acid A promotes bone-fracture healing via balancing osteoblast and osteoclast differentiation.

Nonunion is a significant complication in fracture management for surgeons. Salvianolic acid A (SAA), derived from the traditional Chinese plant Salviae miltiorrhizae Bunge (Danshen), exhibits notable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Although studies have demonstrated its ability to promote osteogenic differentiation, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear.

Nanomaterials and clinical SERS technology: broad applications in disease diagnosis.

The critical need for rapid cancer diagnosis and related illnesses is growing alongside the current healthcare challenges, unfavorable prognosis, and constraints in diagnostic timing. As a result, emphasis on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) diagnostic methods, including both label-free and labelled approaches, holds significant promise in fields such as analytical chemistry, biomedical science, and physics, due to the user-friendly nature of SERS. Over time, the SERS detection sensitivity and specificity with nanostructured materials for SERS applications (NMs-SERS) in different media have been remarkable.

Long-range ordered high-entropy intermetallics enable stable and efficient hydrogen evolution in seawater.

Long-range ordered high-entropy intermetallics (HEIs) were synthesized a thermodynamically-driven atomic ordering strategy. The (FeCoNi)(RuPt) HEI achieves 200 mA cm at an overpotential of 56 mV and a remarkable low Tafel slope of 50.4 mV dec in alkaline seawater.