Long-term outcomes of visual motor integration and motor development children with retinopathy of prematurity.

Premature infants have a risk of neurodevelopmental deficits. Little is known, however, about how retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) affects visual motor integration (VMI), which is necessary for both fine motor skills and further school abilities. Due to the systemic escape of bevacizumab in the treatment of ROP, concerns regarding the long-term neurodevelopmental effect of the drug have arisen.

Effectiveness and Safety of Epilepsy Surgery for Pediatric Patients with Intractable Epilepsy: A Clinical Retrospective Study from a Single-Center Experience.

Introduction: Pediatric epilepsy surgery is an effective treatment modality for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). Early pediatric surgery yields favorable results for DRE in terms of seizure control and neurophysiological outcome. In this study, pediatric patients were categorized based on their age (above 3 years old and below 3 years old) to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of surgical procedures.

Twelve years of experience in the treatment of newborns with intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation.

Background: Meconium peritonitis occurs when meconium leaks into the peritoneal cavity as a result of intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the results of newborn patients who were followed and treated due to intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation in the pediatric surgery clinic.

Methods: All newborn patients who were followed up and treated for intrauterine gastrointestinal perforation in our clinic between December 2009-2021 were analyzed retrospectively.

Umbilical cord serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels of infants of diabetic mothers are correlated with diastolic dysfunction detected by tissue Doppler echocardiography.

Unlabelled: Tissue Doppler echocardiography (TDI) is a convenient method to detect cardiac dysfunction in the infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs). Umbilical cord serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is known to be higher in IDMs. We aimed to determine whether there is a relation between diastolic functions examined by TDI and cord serum IGF-1 levels of IDMs.

Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Patients with Typical Imaging Features of Injury as a Result of Neonatal Hypoglycemia.

Introduction: Previous reports described a pattern of hypoglycemia-induced damage predominantly affecting the parieto-occipital regions. The long-term neurological sequelae of severe neonatal hypoglycemic encephalopathy include developmental delay, poor head growth, learning or behavioral difficulties, visual impairment, and epilepsy. This study reports neurodevelopmental outcome of children with neonatal hypoglycemia-associated parieto-occipital brain injury who were evaluated in our pediatric neurology outpatient clinic for different neurological complaints.

Are Interictal Discharges Associated with Neuronal Cell Loss in Electrical Status Epilepticus in Sleep?

Objective: Neuron-specific enolase is an established biomarker of neuronal damage. This study aimed to reveal the relationship between serum neuron-specific enolase level and continuous interictal discharges in a group of encephalopathy with electrical status epilepticus in sleep patients for the first time and determine whether there is a neuronal cell loss or damage.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed serum neuron-specific enolase levels in patients with an electrical status epilepticus in sleep pattern on their electroencephalographs with age- and sex-matched control subjects.

Genetic and clinical evaluation of congenital myasthenic syndromes with long-term follow-up: experience of a tertiary center in Turkey.

Introduction: Congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS) are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders affecting the safety factor which required for neuromuscular transmission. Here we reported our experience in children with CMS.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of 18 patients with CMS who were examined in our outpatient clinic between January 2021 and January 2022.

Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography in Preschool Children with a History of Treated or Spontaneously Regressed Retinopathy of Prematurity.

Purpose: To evaluate the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), the spherical equivalent (SE), and the central, parafoveal, and perifoveal macular thickness results of the children with a history of treated or spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: Seventy-nine right eyes of 79 children at the age of 5 years old were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Twenty-four infants who received intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) were in group 1, 27 infants who underwent laser photocoagulation (LPC) were in group 2, and 28 infants who had spontaneous regression were in group 3.

Sexual myths during pregnancy: a comparative study.

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of sexual myths during pregnancy among pregnant women in Turkey and Iran and to compare the similarities and differences between the countries. This is a comparative and descriptive study. The sample included 200 pregnant women from Turkey and Iran.

Clinical evaluation of torpedo maculopathy in an infant population with additional genetic testing for NEXMIF mutation.

Purpose: To assess clinical characteristics of torpedo maculopathy (TM) lesions in an infant population with age ≤1.5 years and to investigate the role of NEXMIF mutation in the development of TM.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of medical records of 17 consecutive infants with the diagnosis of TM between 2016 January and 2019 December were done.

Relationship Between Lactate Levels and Length of Hospital Stay in Infants with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection.

Increased lactate concentrations are directly related to the severity of shock and mortality rates. There are limited data regarding the prognostic value of lactate among lower respiratory tract infections. We aimed to investigate the impact of lactate levels on admission on the clinical outcomes of children with lower respiratory tract infections.

Swept-source optical coherence tomography findings in premature children with a history of retinopathy of prematurity at 5 years of age.

Purpose: To compare central foveal thickness, retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and subfoveal choroidal thickness using swept-source optical coherence tomography in premature children with a history of treated retinopathy of prematurity (either with intravitreal bevacizumab or laser photocoagulation) or spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity versus age-matched healthy children at the age of 5 years.

Methods: A total of 79 children were divided into four groups: group 1, children who received intravitreal bevacizumab treatment; group 2, children who received laser photocoagulation treatment; group 3, children who had spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity; and group 4, age matched, full-term healthy children. At the age of 5 years, visual functions and refractive status were assessed.

A CASE OF SOTOS SYNDROME CAUSED BY A NOVEL VARIANT IN THE NSD1 GENE: A PROPOSED RATIONALE TO TREAT ACCOMPANYING PRECOCIOUS PUBERTY.

Sotos syndrome is characterized by overgrowth, macrocephaly, distinctive facial features, and learning disabilities and is associated with alterations in the nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 1 (NSD1) gene. Due to the advanced bone age, the eventual adult height is usually at the upper limit of normal. In this case report, a 6-year and 10-month old boy who presented with Sotos syndrome was described.

An overview of smell and taste problems in paediatric COVID-19 patients.

At the start of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, fever and respiratory symptoms were the indications for virus testing in our hospital. As data have continued to accumulate worldwide, gastrointestinal, neurological, cardiovascular, cutaneous and ocular symptoms have been reported for confirmed COVID-19 cases. There have been few case reports on problems with taste and smell in paediatric COVID-19.

Foveal thickness, foveal microvasculature, and refractive error in children with asymmetric involvement of retinopathy of prematurity.

Objective: To evaluate foveal thickness, foveal microvasculature, and refractive error in children with asymmetric involvement of retinopathy of prematurity who had laser treatment in one eye and spontaneously regressed retinopathy of prematurity in the fellow eye.

Methods: Totally, 17 children (34 eyes) with a history of asymmetric course of acute Zone II retinopathy of prematurity were assessed. Data on best-corrected visual acuity, refractive status, axial length, anterior chamber depth, and optical coherence tomography angiography findings were analyzed between treated and non-treated fellow eyes.

Lipid accumulation product is a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in childhood obesity.

Background: Lipid accumulation product (LAP) is associated with the presence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in adults.

Purpose: Here we evaluated the ability of LAP to predict NAFLD in obese children.

Methods: Eighty obese children (38 girls; age 6-18 years) were included.

Ocular surface evaluation in pediatric Hashimoto's thyroiditis without thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Purpose: We aimed to assess ocular surface characteristics in children with Hashimoto's thyroiditis without thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy and compare the results with those of healthy children.

Methods: Twenty-two children with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (Group 1) and 20 healthy children without any ocular and/or systemic disorder (Group 2) were enrolled in the study. Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, tear film osmolarity measurement (TearLab Osmolarity System, San Diego, CA, USA), Schirmer and tear film breakup time tests, meibography, and conjunctival brush cytology were performed and compared the results between the groups.

The Association between Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Functions in Infants Born to Preeclamptic Mothers.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the global oxidant and antioxidant status in infants born to preeclamptic mothers and their correlation with cardiac functions.

Study Design: We compared 40 infants born to preeclamptic mothers with 40 premature infants born to normotensive mothers. We assessed the relationship between echocardiographic measurements and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and total oxidant status (TOS) values.

Swept-source optical coherence tomography analysis in asthmatic children under inhaled corticosteroid therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT), ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT), and central retinal thickness (CRT) in asthmatic children who were under inhaled corticosteroid treatment by using Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT).

Material And Methods: Fifty-three children were prospectively analyzed in the study. Group 1 included 31 asthmatic children and group 2 included 22 healthy children.

Ultrasound predictors of candidates for segmental resection in pregnants with placenta accreta.

We aimed to assess the predictive values of individual sonographic findings of abnormal placentation to determine the candidates for segmental resection This was a retrospective review of 43 pregnancies with at least one prior cesarean delivery who received an ultrasound diagnosis of placenta previa or low-lying placenta with suspected abnormal placentation in the third trimester at our institution from 2015 through 2017. Sonographic images were reviewed by an investigator blinded to pregnancy outcome. Sonographic parameters were assessed including loss of retroplacental clear zone, irregularity and width of uterine-bladder interface, smallest myometrial thickness, presence of lacunar spaces, and bridging vessels.

Comparison of the efficacy of parenteral and oral treatment for nutritional vitamin B12 deficiency in children.

Objective: Although, oral replacement for vitamin B12 deficiency has been proved to be effective in adults, it is mainly treated with parenteral therapy. There are only few studies on oral replacement therapy of vitamin B12 with children. Therefore, we aimed to compare the efficacy of oral treatment with intramuscular vitamin B12 injections in pediatric population.

Biallelic and monoallelic ESR2 variants associated with 46,XY disorders of sex development.

Purpose: Disorders or differences of sex development (DSDs) are rare congenital conditions characterized by atypical sex development. Despite advances in genomic technologies, the molecular cause remains unknown in 50% of cases.

Methods: Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing revealed an ESR2 variant in an individual with syndromic 46,XY DSD.

The Efficacy of Oral Vitamin B12 Replacement for Nutritional Vitamin B12 Deficiency.

Standard treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency has not been well established in childhood, the ideal amount of supplemental vitamin B12 is not clear. Vitamin B12 deficiency is classically treated with intramuscular injections. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of oral therapy in children with vitamin B12 deficiency.

Role of osteocalcin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and adiponectin in polycystic ovary syndrome patients with insulin resistance.

Objective: Insulin resistance (IR) seems to be the main pathogenic factor in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Adiponectin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) are important in IR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlations of osteocalcin, adiponectin, and TNF-α with IR in PCOS.

The effects of training inpatients and their relatives about infection control measures and subsequent rate of infection.

Objective: Healthcare-associated infections are one of the most important problems of all health institutions. This study was conducted to evaluate results of training about infection control measures provided to patients treated and hospitalized in clinics of obstetrics and gynecology, and to their relatives, as well as subsequent effect on infection rate.

Methods: The study was conducted in clinics of obstetrics and gynecology of a state hospital.