Unveiling the influences of prenatal and maternal factors on the journey of an autistic child.

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder with a high and increasing global prevalence. Although the precise causes are unknown, both genetic and environmental factors, including maternal ones during pregnancy, significantly influence its development. Therefore, this study endeavors to explore the potential causes of autism, including maternal and paternal prenatal risk factors, as well as antenatal and natal maternal risk factors, and their associations with the severity of ASD in mothers of children with ASD, from February to May 2024.

Emergence of multi-drug-resistant, vancomycin-resistant, and multi-virulent Enterococcus species from chicken, dairy, and human samples in Egypt.

Aims: The present study aimed to detect the frequency of vancomycin resistance and virulence genes' profiles of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) enterococcal isolates from different sources and to investigate the sequence heterogeneity between the esp genes of MDR and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis isolates from chicken and human sources.

Methods And Results: Conventional phenotypic methods identified 91 isolates (60.7%) as Enterococcus species, and these isolates were retrieved from dairy (37/52), chicken (35/54), and human (19/44) origins.

The impact of weight loss after bariatric surgeries on the patient's body image, quality of life, and self-esteem.

Objectives: The objective of this web-based study is to analyze the attributes of bariatric surgery cases ensuing health implications. Additionally, the study seeks to delve into the factors influencing post-bariatric psychological evaluations and the impact of various bariatric surgeries on weight loss and psycho-social assessment scores for patients who had undergone bariatric surgeries within a specific bariatric surgery center in Egypt between January 2017 and January 2024.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study recruited 411 adults who had undergone different bariatric procedures by the same surgical team.

Full-length genome reveals genetic diversity and extensive recombination patterns of Saudi GI-1 and GI-23 genotypes of infectious bronchitis virus.

Background: Despite numerous genetic studies on Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), many strains from the Middle East remain misclassified or unclassified. Genotype 1 (GI-1) is found globally, while genotype 23 (GI-23) has emerged as the predominant genotype in the Middle East region, evolving continuously through inter- and intra-genotypic recombination. The GI-23 genotype is now enzootic in Europe and Asia.

Tryptophan and/or canthaxanthin in quail diets: effects on performance, carcass traits, hematology, blood chemistry and hepatic antioxidant capacity.

To enhance the health and performance of poultry, novel approaches have to be created. Using appropriate nutritional interventions to enhance body physiology and thus enhance productivity is one of these approaches. The purpose of the present investigation intended to examine how growing quail physiology and growth is affected by supplementing diets with tryptophan (Trp) and/or canthaxanthin (CX).

Breaking Barriers in Huntington's Disease Therapy: Focused Ultrasound for Targeted Drug Delivery.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease resulting from a mutation in the huntingtin (HTT) gene and characterized by progressive motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric disturbances. Currently, no disease-modifying treatments are available. Recent research has developed therapeutic agents that may have the potential to directly target the disease pathology, such as gene silencing or clearing the mutant protein.

Buccal Mucosal Graft as a Second Layer in the Vaginal Repair of Vesicovaginal Fistulas.

Objective: Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a pathological communication between the urinary bladder and the vagina. The most common cause of VVF is hysterectomy, while less common causes include obstetric trauma and pelvic surgery. Most cases require surgical intervention.

Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

The current study had aimed to assess the long-term dietary supplementation with Melaleucae aetheroleum, tea tree essential oil (TTO). The impact on growth performance, biochemical indices, immune function, oxidant/antioxidant activity, gene expression, histopathology, and resistance against Aeromonas sobria in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated. Four groups (with five replicates; G1 (control group, G2, G3, and G4) of Nile tilapia received diets enriched with TTO (doses of 0.

Phytochemical fingerprinting of phytotoxins as a cutting-edge approach for unveiling nature's secrets in forensic science.

The integration of phytochemistry into forensic science has emerged as a groundbreaking frontier, providing unprecedented insights into nature's secrets through the precise application of phytochemical fingerprinting of phytotoxins as a cutting-edge approach. This study explores the dynamic intersection of phytochemistry and forensic science, highlighting how the unique phytochemical profiles of toxic plants and their secondary metabolites, serve as distinctive markers for forensic investigations. By utilizing advanced techniques such as Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC) and High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS), the detection and quantification of plant-derived are made more accurate in forensic contexts.

[F]FDG PET/CT volumetric biomarkers for non-invasive prediction of HER2 expression in breast cancer patients.

Objectives: to investigate the capability of F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ([F]-FDG PET/CT) derived volumetric parameters to predict human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status in breast cancer patients.

Methods: retrospective study enrolled 47 female patients with breast cancer. All patients had pretreatment [F]-FDG PET/CT.

Ameliorating role of co-administration of granulocyte colony stimulating factor and sodium bicarbonate on the skeletal muscle of a rat model of chronic kidney disease (A histological and immunohistochemical study).

Over half million individuals suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. In addition to raising the possibility of cardiovascular diseases, skeletal myopathy remains a challenging complication that is highly correlated with mortality and a lower quality of life. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is an active cytokine for mobilization of immunological and hematopoietic stem cells that can replace exogenous stem cell infusions.

Machine learning-based novel-shaped THz MIMO antenna with a slotted ground plane for future 6G applications.

This study discusses the results of using a regression machine learning technique to improve the performance of 6G applications that use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas operating at the terahertz (THz) frequency band. This research evaluates an antenna's performance using various methodologies, such as simulation and RLC equivalent circuit models. The suggested design has a broad bandwidth of 2.

Anti-microbial impact of non-antibiotic agents; salicylic acid, N-acetylcysteine, and isotretinoin against Cutibacterium acnes in patients with acne vulgaris.

There are two main strategies to eliminate Cutibacterium acnes and to reduce antibiotic resistance in acne treatment. The first is to target the pathogenic bacteria and the second is to change the environment for their growth. The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-microbial role of non-antibiotic agents against Cutibacterium acnes (C.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in cattle in Gharbia governorate, Egypt: A comparative study of traditional and commercial production systems.

Background: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is a global contagious respiratory disease of ruminants caused by Bovine Herpes virus-1 (BoHV-1). It causes substantial financial losses in the dairy industry worldwide and is considered one of the most important causative agents of abortion and reproductive problems in dairy cattle.

Aim: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of IBR and the related risk factors in the dairy population in Gharbia governorate, Egypt.

Ameliorative effect of venom against arthritic influence of Freund's complete adjuvant FCA in paw and ankle of male rats.

Background: Pain and inflammation are closely associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which affects the bones and joints.

Aim: While there are a number of therapeutic options for arthritis, their side effects restrict their use and encourage the search for alternative, natural remedies.

Methods: In male rats, we examined the anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties of venom (NHV).

Mitigation of sodium fluoride-induced growth inhibition, immunosuppression, hepatorenal damage, and dysregulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation-related genes by dietary artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf extract in Oreochromis niloticus.

This study evaluated the efficacy of integrating artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf extract (CSLE) into the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) diet to mitigate fluoride (FLR) adverse effects on growth, immune components, renal and hepatic function, and the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis-related genes. A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted with 240 O. niloticus fish separated into four groups as follows: a control group (CON) fed on a basic diet, a CSLE group receiving 300 mg CSLE/kg via the diet, a FLR group exposed to 6.

Biopriming of Maize with their endophyte Aspergillus fumigatus reinforces their resistance to salinity stress and improves their physiological traits.

Zea mays L. (Maize) is one of the most crucial world's crops, for their nutritional values, however, the water scarcity and consequent soil salinization are the major challenges that limit the growth and productivity of this plant, particularly in the semi-arid regions in Egypt. Recently, biopriming has been recognized as one of the most efficient natural-ecofriendly approaches to mitigate the abiotic salt stress on plants.

Utilizing a Combination of Supplements Comprising Boric Acid, Magnesium, Vitamin D3, and Extra Virgin Olive Oil to Improve Metabolism in Menopausal Ovariectomized Rats.

Metabolic syndrome during menopause can lead to diabetes, cardiovascular problems, and increased mortality rates. Hormone replacement therapy is recommended to manage climacteric complications, but it has serious adverse effects. This study, therefore, investigated the potential of supplementing some minerals, vitamins, and natural products like boric acid, magnesium, vitamin D3, and extra virgin olive oil on metabolic status of menopausal ovariectomized rats.

Platelet-rich plasma enhances remodeling of combined gastrocnemius muscle and achilles tendon injuries in rat model: Reducing fibrosis, modulating gene (MMP9, Bax, HMGB1, and IGF) expression, and restoring histopathological and ultrastructural changes.

Muscle and tendon injuries are prevalent occurrences during sports activities. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known for its rich content of factors essential for wound healing, inflammation reduction, and tissue repair. Despite its recognized benefits, limited information is available regarding PRP's effectiveness in addressing combined surgical injuries to the gastrocnemius muscle and Achilles tendon.

Peripheral lncRNA NEAT-1, miR374b-5p, and IL6 panel to guide in COVID-19 patients' diagnosis and prognosis.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 virus's frequent mutations have made disease control with vaccines and antiviral drugs difficult; as a result, there is a need for more effective coronavirus drugs. Therefore, detecting the expression of various diagnostic biomarkers, including ncRNA in SARS-CoV2, implies new therapeutic strategies for the disease.

Aim: Our study aimed to measure NEAT-1, miR-374b-5p, and IL6 in the serum of COVID-19 patients, demonstrating the correlation between target genes to explore the possible relationship between them.

Alogliptin attenuates testicular damage induced by monosodium glutamate in both juvenile and adult male rats by activating autophagy: ROS dependent AMPK/mTOR.

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most commonly used food additives, known for its adverse health effects. Alogliptin (ALO) is a highly selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, but its role in male reproductive function remains debated. The study was designed to evaluate and compare the potential of ALO in mitigating MSG-induced testicular toxicity in juvenile and adult male rats.

Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy complication affecting 2-8% of pregnancies globally, contributing to substantial maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, yet the efficacy of its supplementation during pregnancy in reducing preeclampsia incidence remains uncertain.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of preeclampsia and related maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of vamorolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe neuromuscular disorder, often leading to wheelchair dependence by age 13 with limited treatment options, largely relying on glucocorticosteroids. We assessed the efficacy and safety of vamorolone, a modified synthetic corticosteroid, for DMD.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis using seven databases including prospective studies comparing vamorolone with glucocorticosteroids or placebo in DMD patients.