Proneness to psychotic-like experiences as a basic personality trait complementing the HEXACO model-A preregistered cross-national study.

The goal of the study is to investigate the relationship between the HEXACO personality model and Disintegration-representing a broad spectrum of psychotic-like experiences and behavioral tendencies (Perceptual Distortions, General Executive/Cognitive Impairment, Enhanced Awareness, Paranoia, Mania, Flattened Affect, Apathy/Depression, Somatoform Dysregulation, and Magical Thinking) that are reconceptualized as a personality trait. In this preregistered study, we predicted that the Disintegration factor would separate from HEXACO. The replicability of the factorial structures of HEXACO and Disintegration subcomponents is investigated across the three national samples (UK, Germany, and Serbia), matched on key socio-demographic variables.

PsychOpen CAMA: Publication of community-augmented meta-analyses in psychology.

To enable optimal decision-making based on the best evidence available, open syntheses are called for. To make data accessible and comprehensible even for decision-makers without proficient knowledge in meta-analysis, a graphical user interface (GUI) provides flexible data visualizations including interpretation aids. Moreover, due to a growing number of research findings, efficient and easy updating of meta-analyses is crucial to prevent waste in research.

The Theory of Planned Behavior: Selected Recent Advances and Applications.

This editorial gives a brief introduction to the articles included in the thematic section of Europe's Journal of Psychology, which is devoted to selected recent advances and applications of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The five contributions address two thematic streams: (1) adjustments and extensions of the original theory and (2) applications of the TPB in public health and the political sciences.

Air pollution is associated with depressive symptoms in elderly women with cognitive impairment.

Background: Studies on air pollution and depression in the elderly are limited and the results are heterogeneous.

Objectives: We examined the association of ambient air pollution exposure and diagnosis and symptoms of depression in the elderly; and whether any associations were confounded or modified by cognitive decline.

Methods: We enrolled 821 elderly women from the German SALIA cohort (follow-up examination, 2007-2010).

The association between weight stigma and mental health: A meta-analysis.

In recent years, there has been considerable research on the relation between weight stigma and mental health, but no quantitative synthesis of the empirical evidence is available to date. This meta-analysis (105 studies, 59 172 participants, and 497 effect sizes) fills this gap by quantifying the association between weight stigma and mental health. Age, gender, and factors presumed to exert a protective role (i.

A meta-analysis of inhibitory-control deficits in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's dementia.

Objective: The authors conducted meta-analyses to determine the magnitude of performance impairments in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's dementia (AD) compared with healthy aging (HA) controls on eight tasks commonly used to measure inhibitory control.

Method: Response time (RT) and error rates from a total of 64 studies were analyzed with random-effects models (overall effects) and mixed-effects models (moderator analyses).

Results: Large differences between AD patients and HA controls emerged in the basic inhibition conditions of many of the tasks with AD patients often performing slower, overall d = 1.

Assessing epistemic sophistication by considering domain-specific absolute and multiplicistic beliefs separately.

Background: Particularly in higher education, not only a view of science as a means of finding absolute truths (absolutism), but also a view of science as generally tentative (multiplicism) can be unsophisticated and obstructive for learning. Most quantitative epistemic belief inventories neglect this and understand epistemic sophistication as disagreement with absolute statements.

Aims: This article suggests considering absolutism and multiplicism as separate dimensions.