Nitroxide radical contrast agents for safe magnetic resonance imaging: progress, challenges, and perspectives.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered one of the most valuable diagnostic technologies in the 21st century. To enhance the image contrast of anatomical features, MRI contrast agents have been widely used in clinical MRI diagnosis, especially those based on gadolinium, manganese, and iron oxide. However, these metal-based MRI contrast agents show potential toxicity to patients, which urges researchers to develop novel MRI contrast agents that can replace metal-based MRI contrast agents.

Altered gene expression profiling by non-thermal plasma-activated media treatment in radioresistant head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: High recurrence rates in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) significantly affect prognosis, especially in radioresistant HNSCC (RR-HNSCC). Nonthermal plasma (NTP) therapy can effectively suppress the progression of HNSCC; however, the therapeutic mechanism of NTP therapy for RR-HNSCC remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the regulatory role of NTP in the RR-HNSCC signaling pathway and identified its signature genes.

[Ferroptosis and liver diseases].

As the central organ of metabolism, the liver plays a pivotal role in the regulation of the synthesis and metabolism of various nutrients within the body. Ferroptosis, as a newly discovered type of programmed cell death caused by the accumulation of iron-dependent lipid peroxides, is involved in the physiological and pathological processes of a variety of acute and chronic liver diseases. Ferroptosis can accelerate the pathogenetic process of acute liver injury, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, viral hepatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis; while it can slower disease progression in advanced liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

[Roles of ferroptosis in the development of diabetic nephropathy].

Diabetic nephropathy is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and one of the main causes of death in patients with diabetes mellitus. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered iron-dependent regulated cell death, which may contribute to the pathogenesis and development of diabetic nephropathy. Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated ferroptosis-related signaling pathways can slow down the progression of diabetic nephropathy, but excessive activation of AMPK signaling pathway may induce cells to undergo autophagic death.

Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in patients with unresectable or metastatic mucosal melanoma: 3-year survival update and multi-omics analysis.

Background: Atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has shown promising efficacy in advanced mucosal melanoma in the multi-centre phase II study. This report updates 3-year survival outcomes and multi-omics analysis to identify potential response biomarkers.

Methods: Forty-three intention-to-treat (ITT) patients received intravenous administration of atezolizumab and bevacizumab every 3 weeks.

Facilitated Self-Adjusting Mechanism with Mn Additive in Electrolyte for Ammonium-Ion Hybrid Supercapacitors.

Ammonium-ion hybrid supercapacitors (AIHSCs) have gained extensive attention due to their high safety and environmental friendliness. Manganese oxides are among the most promising cathode materials; however, the side electrochemical reactions occurring in aqueous electrolytes limit their reversible capacities and energy densities. This work prepares the β-/γ-MnO electrode and reveals the side electrochemical reactions occurring in the (NH)SO electrolyte.

A Bioinspired Antifouling Coating Based on "Host-Guest Interaction" Strategy: Durable Slipperiness and Tunable Transparency.

Lubricant-mediated surfaces limit their practical application in transparent antifouling due to the inherent drawbacks of lubricant loss and poor transparency. Liquid-Like Surfaces(LLSs)are expected to solve these problems. Herein, inspired by the skin structure of globefish, some slippery LLSs are prepared with the cyclodextrin-eugenol inclusion complexes as the poison glands and flexible silicone chains as the liquid-like layer.

Advances in the Study for Modulators of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid (TRPV) Channel Family.

Transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channels are a member of the TRP superfamily, which consists of six proteins and is expressed in many neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Among them, TRPV1-4 are non-selective cation channels that are highly sensitive to temperature changes, while TRPV5-6 are channels that are highly selective to Ca2+. These cation channels have attracted great interest academically, especially from a pharmacological perspective.

Imaging Characteristics of Primary Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of the breast remains a relatively rare condition, and to date, there is no systematic summary of its imaging manifestations. Therefore, this report presents a detailed account of the diagnosis and treatment of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma in a 40-year-old woman, with a particular focus on imaging findings. Additionally, we conducted a comprehensive literature review on this disease and summarized its key imaging features.

Benzopyrene Aggravates Nonalcoholic Liver Fatty Diseases in Female Mice Via the AHR/ERα Axis.

Objective: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent liver condition worldwide, and the statistics show that men have a higher incidence and prevalence than women, but its toxicological mechanism is not completely clear. This research is intended to explore the role of BaP in NAFLD and to study how the environmental pollutant BaP influences the AHR/ERα axis to mediate the progression of NAFLD.

Methods: In this study, we established NAFLD models in vivo and in vitro by treating HepG2 cells with a high-fat diet and Oleic acid (OA) in C57BL/6J mice.

Effect of Biomedical Hydrogels on Exercise-induced Muscle Damage: A Narrative Review.

Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) is a common occurrence among athletes and individuals engaged in physical fitness activities. Muscle strains result from excessive or repetitive muscle tension, leading to tissue damage, inflammation, and pain. These strains can range from mild discomfort to severe damage, resulting in pain, inflammation, and reduced functionality.

Passive Isothermal Flexible Sensor Enabled by Smart Thermal-Regulating Aerogels.

Environmentally induced sensor temperature fluctuations can distort the outputs of a sensor, reducing their stability during long-term health monitoring. Here, a passive isothermal flexible sensor is proposed by using hierarchical cellulose aerogel (HCA) as the top tribonegative layer, which allows the sensor to adapt dynamic thermal environments through both radiative cooling and heat insulation. The radiative cooling effect can cool down the temperatures of a sensor in summer, while the hollow microfibers in HCA provide ultralow thermal conductivity to reduce internal heat loss in winter.

The sp Hybridization of Tin Single Atoms for Dendrite-Free Sodium Metal Batteries.

Restricting the growth of sodium (Na) dendrites at the atomic level is the premise to enable both the stability and safety of sodium metal batteries (SMBs). Here, the universal synthesis of the fourth main group element (Sn, Ge, Pb) as single metal atoms anchored on graphene (Sn, Ge, Pb SAs/G) with sp hybridization for dendrite-free sodium metal anode is reported. The in situ real-time observation of Na growth on Sn SAs/G uncoils a kinetically uniform planar deposition at the atomic level for substantially suppressing the dendrite growth.

Bioinspired Liquid Pockets with Externally Induced Internal Microscale Flow.

The gastric mucosal barrier, through its gastric pits, serves as a pathway for secretions, ensuring that mucus produced by the gastric glands is transferred to the gastric lumen, providing stable protection. Here a bioinspired liquid pockets material is shown, composed of a thermo-driven hydrogel that acts as an external activation unit to release interflowing liquid responsively, and porous matrices that serve as interconnected pockets to transfer it, enabling controlled internal flow and adaptive barrier functionality. Experiments and theoretical analysis demonstrate the stability and regulatory mechanisms of these liquid pockets, based on the interconnected pockets between the external activation unit and internal fluid flow.

Matrine Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Through Regulating the LINC01116/miR-9-5p/ITGB1 Axis.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent solid cancer affecting women's health globally. Matrine (MAT), a traditional Chinese herb, has exhibited antitumor effects against BC. However, its mechanism of action, particularly whether it involves the control of cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), remains unknown.

Responsive Degradable Bottlebrush Polymers Enable Drugs With Superior Efficacy and Minimal Systemic Toxicity.

Bottlebrush polymers (BBPs) have garnered significant attention as advanced drug delivery systems, capable of transporting a diverse range of therapeutic agents, including both chemical drugs and biologics. Despite their effectiveness, the empty BBP vectors post-drug release may pose long-term safety risks due to their difficult systemic clearance. Here, a responsive degradable BBP platform for cancer therapy is developed, featuring a poly(disulfide) backbone grafted with fluorine-terminated zwitterionic side chains.

High-Throughput Screening and General Synthesis Strategy of Single-Atom Nanozymes for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Therapy.

Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes), with their superior enzyme-like catalytic activity, have emerged as promising candidates for oncology therapeutics. The well-defined structures of SAzymes make them well predictable by experiences and theoretical calculation. However, the effects of metal center species and coordination environments on enzyme-like activity are variable, and screening catalytic activity by artificial experiments is challenging.

Biomimetic Membrane Vesicles Reprogram Microglia Polarization and Remodel the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Glioblastoma via PERK/HIF-1α/Glycolysis Pathway.

The malignant interaction between tumor cells and immune cells is one of the important reasons for the rapid progression and refractoriness of glioblastoma (GBM). As an essential metabolic center of M2 macrophages, the inhibition of protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) leads to the reduction of M2 macrophages. Nevertheless, the restriction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and non-specific cell targeting hinder the application of PERK inhibitors in GBM.

Correlation analysis of estimated pulse wave velocity and severe abdominal aortic calcification: based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.

To investigate how severe abdominal aortic calcification (SAAC) and estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) relate to each other and to all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortalities.National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2014 data were analyzed. ePWV, computed using age and mean blood pressure, served as an independent variable.

Iodine Stabilization in Perovskite Lattice for Internal Stress Relief.

Atomic iodine ionization in perovskite crystals leads to defect formation, lattice distortion, and the occurrence of localized micro-strain. These atomic-level chemical and mechanical effects significantly alter the electronic band landscape, profoundly affecting device performance. While iodine stabilization effects have traditionally been focused on stability, their impact on electrical properties, particularly the coupling effect with internal stress and lattice strain, remains underexplored.

Nonenzymatic lysine D-lactylation induced by glyoxalase II substrate SLG dampens inflammatory immune responses.

Immunometabolism is critical in the regulation of immunity and inflammation; however, the mechanism of preventing aberrant activation-induced immunopathology remains largely unclear. Here, we report that glyoxalase II (GLO2) in the glycolysis branching pathway is specifically downregulated by NF-κB signaling during innate immune activation via tristetraprolin (TTP)-mediated mRNA decay. As a result, its substrate S-D-lactoylglutathione (SLG) accumulates in the cytosol and directly induces D-lactyllysine modification of proteins.

Title: Identification of a novel GRHPR mutation in primary hyperoxaluria type 2 and establishment of patient-derived iPSC line.

This research delves into Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 2 (PH2), an autosomal recessive disorder precipitated by a unique case of compound heterozygous deleterious mutations in the GRHPR gene, specifically the intron2/3 c.214-2 T > G and the exon8 c.864-865delTG, leading to a premature stop codon at p.

An L-shaped association between lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and erectile dysfunction in NHANES 2001-2004.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between the lymphocyte/monocyte ratio (LMR) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in adult men in the United States using a comprehensive dataset. A cross-sectional study design was used to analyze the relationship between the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) among adult male participants in the NHANES 2001-2004 dataset. Statistical analyses were performed to adjust for potential confounders and explore non-linear associations, with LMR categorized into quartiles to investigate the relationship with ED prevalence.

Comprehensive analysis of telomere and aging-related signature for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is a high-risk malignancy. Telomeres- (TRGs) and aging-related genes (ARGs) play an important role in cancer progression and prognosis. This study aimed to develop a novel prognostic model combined TRGs and ARGs signatures to predict the prognosis of patients with LUAD.