Association of insulin resistance surrogates with live birth outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing in vitro fertilization.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a common pathophysiologic feature in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there have been no studies investigating the association of IR surrogates with pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). Therefore, we explored the association between these factors among PCOS patients.

High fructose levels inhibit the proliferation of cardiomyocytes via the Notch1 signaling pathway.

Fructose, as a natural and simple sugar, is not significantly harmful to the human body when consumed in moderation and can provide energy for the body. High-fructose diets have been linked to an increased risk of a range of metabolic disorders, including hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. These conditions are known to be associated with an elevated risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases.

Application of deep learning model based on unenhanced chest CT for opportunistic screening of osteoporosis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: A large number of middle-aged and elderly patients have an insufficient understanding of osteoporosis and its harm. This study aimed to establish and validate a convolutional neural network (CNN) model based on unenhanced chest computed tomography (CT) images of the vertebral body and skeletal muscle for opportunistic screening in patients with osteoporosis.

Materials And Methods: Our team retrospectively collected clinical information from participants who underwent unenhanced chest CT and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) examinations between January 1, 2022, and December 31, 2022, at four hospitals.

The protective roles of eugenol on type 1 diabetes mellitus through NRF2-mediated oxidative stress pathway.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), known as insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from damage to the pancreatic β cells and an absolute deficiency of insulin, leading to multi-organ involvement and a poor prognosis. The progression of T1DM is significantly influenced by oxidative stress and apoptosis. The natural compound eugenol (EUG) possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties.

Weight-Adjusted Waist Index, Psoriasis, and All-Cause Mortality: Findings from the NHANES 2003-2006 and 2009-2014.

Purpose: Psoriasis is associated with obesity, which in turn is linked to increased mortality risk. Therefore, we undertook a cohort study utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the impact of weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) on the likelihood of all-cause mortality in psoriasis individuals.

Patients And Methods: This study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to investigate the influence of WWI on the probability of all-cause mortality in psoriasis individuals.

Correlation between estimated glucose disposal rate, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular mortality among individuals with metabolic syndrome: a population-based analysis, evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR), is an index of insulin resistance. It is intimately correlated with inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, both of which are contributory factors in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature mortality. This study aims to explore the correlation between eGDR and both all-cause and CVD-related mortality in adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

PTN secreted by cardiac fibroblasts promotes myocardial fibrosis and inflammation of pressure overload-induced hypertrophic cardiomyopathy through the PTN-SDC4 pathway.

Aims: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with key pathologic processes including myocardial necrosis, fibrosis, inflammation, and hypertrophy, which are involved in heart failure (HF), stroke, and even sudden death. Our aim was to explore the communication network among various cells in the heart of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery induced HCM mice.

Materials And Methods: Single-cell RNA-seq data of GSE137167 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Based on CT scans at the 12th thoracic spine level, assessing the impact of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue index on one-year postoperative mortality in elderly hip fracture patients: a propensity score-matched multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Research has demonstrated that individuals with sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity who experience fractures or undergo major surgical interventions exhibit a poorer prognosis compared to the general population. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue indices, as measured at the 12th thoracic spine level, and adverse outcomes following orthopedic surgery. Therefore, this study aimed to prove whether skeletal muscle and adipose tissue index measured by computed tomography (CT) images based on a single layer are associated with one-year postoperative mortality in elderly hip fracture patients.

Antipyretic Effect of Dexibuprofen Versus Ibuprofen in Children With Fever Caused by Upper Respiratory Tract Infection.

Dexibuprofen is the pharmacologically active enantiomer of ibuprofen. However, its application as an antipyretic in children with fever caused by upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) requires more evidence. This study aimed to compare the antipyretic effect between dexibuprofen and ibuprofen in children with fever caused by URTI.

Global, regional, and national burden of myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years, 1990-2021: analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Objective: There are limited epidemiological data on myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years. This study aims to investigate the trends in incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We utilized the 2021 Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) analytical tools to examine the incidence, mortality, and DALYs of myocarditis in children aged 0-14 years, considering factors such as age, sex, region, sociodemographic index (SDI), and data from 204 countries or regions.

Physiological Insights Into the Role of Pericytes in Spinal Cord Injury.

Vascular regeneration plays a vital role in tissue repair yet is drastically impaired in those with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Pericytes are of great significance as they are entwined with vessel-specific endothelial cells and actively contribute to maintaining the spinal cord's vascular network. Within the neurovascular unit (NVU), subtypes of pericytes characterized by various markers such as PDGFR-β, Desmin, CD146, and NG-2 are involved in vascular regeneration in SCI repair.

A cryo-shocked M2 macrophages based treatment strategy promoting repair of spinal cord injury via immunomodulation and axonal regeneration effects.

Recovery from spinal cord injury (SCI) is often impeded by neuroinflammation, scar formation, and limited axonal regeneration. To tackle these issues, we developed an innovative biomimetic drug delivery system using liquid nitrogen-treated M2 macrophages (LNT M2) which internalized paclitaxel (PTX) nanoparticles beforehand. These were incorporated into a gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) scaffold, creating a multifunctional, injectable treatment for single-dose administration.

Punicalagin inhibits excessive autophagy and improves cerebral function in neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain injury by regulating AKT-FOXO4.

Background: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) has a high incidence and mortality rate, representing a significant patient burden. Therefore, treatment strategies that work synergistically with hypothermic therapies are urgently required. Punicalagin (PUN) is a natural and safe polyphenol with anti-inflammatory functions whose excellent water solubility and safety make it an advantageous perinatal medication.

Evaluating the weight-adjusted waist index as a predictive tool for sarcopenia and mortality risk.

Purpose: The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is a novel anthropometric measure. WWI is linked to reduced muscle mass and strength; however, its efficacy for assessing sarcopenia and predicting adverse outcomes has yet to be validated. This study compared and examined the relationship between sarcopenia and WWI across different diagnostic criteria and aimed to evaluate its potential as a predictor of sarcopenia and all-cause mortality.

Functional connectivity gradients and neurotransmitter maps among patients with mild cognitive impairment and depression symptoms.

Background: Both depressive symptoms and neurotransmitter changes affect the characteristics of functional brain networks in clinical patients. We sought to explore how brain functional grading is organized among patients with mild cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms (D-MCI) and whether changes in brain organization are related to neurotransmitter distribution.

Methods: Using 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) we acquired functional MRI (fMRI) data from patients with D-MCI, patients with mild cognitive impairment without depression (nD-MCI), and healthy controls.

Cyclocurcumin potently inhibits human aromatase as a potential therapeutic agent.

Curcuminoids, including curcumin and its derivatives, show potent inhibition of aromatase (CYP19A1), crucial for estradiol synthesis and breast cancer metastasis. Our study evaluated the efficacy and mechanism of 10 curcuminoids and their metabolites against human and rat CYP19A1 using placental microsomes, revealing species-specific IC values. Cyclocurcumin (IC, 4.

Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome.

Background: Glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (Glut1DS) was initially reported by De Vivo and colleagues in 1991. This disease arises from mutations in the SLC2A1 and presents with a broad clinical spectrum. It is a treatable neuro-metabolic condition, where prompt diagnosis and initiation of ketogenic dietary therapy can markedly enhance the prognosis.

rs11614913 C Allele is Associated with Increased Wilms Tumor Susceptibility in Chinese Children.

Wilms tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is the most common kidney cancer in children. The rs11614913 T>C polymorphism has been identified as a susceptibility locus in various adult cancers. However, it is unclear whether this polymorphism also increases the risk of pediatric cancer.

Polymorphisms in the gene and neuroblastoma risk in Chinese children from Jiangsu province.

Neuroblastoma is the most prevalent extracranial solid tumor among children and exhibits remarkable heterogeneity. The methylation of cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine (m5C) is the primary type of modification found in DNA and RNA. The NOL1/NOP2/sun (NSUN) family, specifically NSUN1, is responsible for the methylation process and has been shown to play a key role in cell differentiation and cancer development.

Vitamin K2 deficiency and its association with short stature in children: A cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study examines the relationship between vitamin K2 (VK2) status and the occurrence of short stature in children.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted between January 2021 and August 2022, involving 235 children with a clinical diagnosis of short stature at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (short stature group) and 454 children with average height (±1 SD) from the same period (healthy group). Serum VK2 levels were compared between the two groups.

Discovery of novel xanthohumol C derivatives regulating XRCC2 transcription and expression for the treatment of colorectal cancer.

X-ray repair cross-complementing 2 (XRCC2), a critical protein in homologous recombination (HR), plays a significant role in the occurrence, progression, and drug resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, a series of xanthohumol C derivatives were synthesized, and their anticancer activity was evaluated. The results revealed that A33 demonstrated the potent anticancer activity and effectively inhibited the proliferation of CRC cells in vitro.

Mutation of lysine-specific demethylase 5 is associated with enhanced tumor immunity and favorable outcomes in pan-cancer immune checkpoint blockade.

The lysine-specific demethylase 5 (KDM5) family, a key post-translational modification of chromatin, can shape tumor immune microenvironment. Here, we performed an extensive clinical and bioinformatic analysis to explore the association between KDM5 mutation and tumor immunity and its impact on the outcomes in pan-cancer immunotherapy. In 2943 patients across 12 tumor types treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, KDM5-mutant tumors were associated with favorable overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.