Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: People with dementia have complex palliative care needs including psycho-social, physical and spiritual; however, they are often unmet. It is important to empower people with dementia, family caregivers and professionals to work together to better assess and monitor ongoing needs. This study aimed to co-design and test the feasibility of an integrated model of palliative dementia care to support holistic assessment and decision making for care in the community and care homes (assisted living facilities).

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Low-middle income countries in Latin America, including Brazil, face a higher prevalence of cognitive decline compared to high-income countries, leading to social-economic and healthcare implications. Several studies have showed an association between reduced physical function and cognitive decline. However, there remains a gap in the understanding of this relationship within the older Brazilian population.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: In the context of heightened attention to dementia, research gaps persist in the seamless integration of clinical and non-clinical care, including long-term support. This study aims to examine potential gaps in social support for US adults with cognitive impairment, focusing on the transition before and after a dementia diagnosis.

Methods: In this ambidirectional cohort study, we examined data from the Health and Retirement Survey(HRS) for US adults over 50, using data from 2000 to 2018.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Caregiver burden, or the impact of caregiving, commonly occurs in caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD); however, prior research focused on caregiver burden in this population has not considered the impact of dysphagia. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to measure dysphagia-specific burden in caregivers of PWD and examine its relationship to general caregiver burden, as well as the PWD's current diet level and dementia severity.

Method: Data were collected from PWD-caregiver dyads participating in a prospective, dysphagia-focused clinical trial at the initial study visit.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Medical history and healthcare utilization in preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not well characterized and may reveal indicators associated with asymptomatic stages of AD.

Methods: This retrospective observational study compared 246 Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic AD study (A4) individuals who met elevated brain amyloid eligibility criteria to 121 individuals in the companion Longitudinal Evaluation of Amyloid Risk and Neurodegeneration study (LEARN) who were eligible for A4 except did not meet elevated amyloid eligibility criteria. Matched-controls for A4/LEARN, using a 3:1 match of demographics, Medicare enrollment month, and frailty status, were randomly selected from Medicare beneficiaries without cognitive impairment/dementia claims.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Up to 40% of current AD cases may have been preventable through protective factors, such as physical and cognitive activities, preventing neurodegeneration. Reserve, resilience, and resistance are key concepts in cognitive neuroscience of aging, and they share common adaptive mechanisms. In this paper we propose a development and validation of a new scale, called dynamic Neurocognitive Adaptation (dNA).

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Poor sleep is associated with neurodegenerative diseases underlying dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Lewy body disease (LBD). Performing assessments within clinical or laboratory settings may influence validity, however feasibility of home sleep and memory assessments in this population is currently undetermined. This study aimed to identify whether remote home-based sleep and memory research including wearable technology was feasible in older adults with MCI and dementia.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Australia has a rich migration history, with one in three older people coming from a culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) background. Patients from CALD backgrounds tend to present at later stages of their diseases but face difficulties accessing appropriate dementia care compared to English-speaking patients. Limited literature exists on the clinical experience among CALD patients who have been historically underrepresented in dementia research.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: LatAm-FINGERS is the first non-pharmacological multicenter randomized clinical trial aimed at preventing cognitive impairment in Latin America. It encompasses twelve countries that collectively represent 45% of the territory in the Americas. Its objective is to reach populations that, despite sharing commonalities such as language, are culturally and economically diverse.

Ectopic Salivary Duct Cyst in the Median Mandible: A Case Report with Radiological, Immunohistochemical and Genetic Studies.

Median mandibular cyst is defined as an odontogenic cyst in a rare midline location. In spite of this definition, there have been two reports of a peculiar lesion, so-called "ciliated" median mandibular cyst associated with vital teeth, the origin of which cannot be explained in terms of odontogenic epithelium multipotentiality. We describe a thorough profile of an additional example.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: The global increase in dementia cases underscores the need for community-based services, particularly for older adults who spend significant time in their neighborhoods. This context profoundly influences cognitive function and quality of life, especially in those at high risk of cognitive impairment. Despite its importance, neighborhood cohesion has not been extensively studied in this group.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Personality traits, especially neuroticism, can influence susceptibility to dementia. Although social contact can mitigate stress and risk of dementia, the extent to which social contact can mitigate excess risk associated with neuroticism remains unclear. The objective of study was to investigate changes in neuroticism-associated excess risk of dementia arising from different levels of social contact.

The Moderating Role of Ethnicity on Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms and Pain Catastrophizing in Hispanic/Latinx and Non-Hispanic/Latinx White Youth with Chronic Pain.

Objectives: Chronic pain (CP) significantly impacts emotional and physical well-being and overall quality of life across diverse populations in the United States (U.S.).

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Personality traits are long-standing characteristics of behavior and emotion. Personality might influence cognitive health in later life by affecting responses to stressful events and engagement in cognitively stimulating activities, such as interpersonal interaction. The current study examined associations between personality traits and cognition in late life, and potential mediation by positive and negative emotion, depression, and social connectedness.

Factors Associated with Postoperative Pain Trajectory, Nausea and Vomiting After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Study.

Objectives: Postoperative pain, nausea and vomiting adversely affect postoperative rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). We aimed to identify factors associated with postoperative pain trajectory and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and evaluated the effects of different analgesic modalities.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients undergoing unilateral primary TKA from 2017 to 2022.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Recognizing Alzheimer's disease (AD) early is essential for enhancing patient outcomes. Therefore this research focused on exploring indicators of AD by investigating the role of declining financial capacity (FC) in predicting objetive cognitive impairment (OCI).

Method: We analyzed participants without OCI in Mini-mental state examination (MMSE, Table 1) or Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB, Table 2) scores from the ADNI database.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a condition that affects a growing number of individuals worldwide, representing a transition between normal aging and dementia. As the world's population ages, understanding and addressing MCI becomes increasingly crucial for both patients and healthcare professionals.

Method: 15 participants (13 women and 2 men) with MCI with an MMSE score of 24/30 were included in a cognitive rehabilitation workshop.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects about 416 million individuals across the disease continuum. An estimated 40% of dementia cases can be prevented or delayed in onset by addressing modifiable risk factors like sleep time, physical activity (PA), and mood. These three behaviors (sleep time, physical inactivity, and mood) are linked to cognitive decline, and their tridirectional link has been shown by prior research work.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Underdiagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) leads to lost opportunities for timely intervention, increased healthcare costs, and underestimation of the true burden of disease. To address this problem, we developed an AI algorithm, Decipher-AI (DEtection of Cognitive Impairment PHenotypes in EHR), to screen primary care patients for undiagnosed cognitive impairment (CI). We evaluated performance across sociodemographic groups using 3 years of EHR data before the first diagnosis or most recent visit.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Although primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is considered a rarer form of dementia, individuals living with PPA are increasingly identified by healthcare professionals. Research investigating speech-language assessment and intervention in PPA has been conducted primarily in monolingual speakers and little is known about clinical decision-making of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) working with bilinguals with PPA.

Methods: A comprehensive survey containing questions regarding clinician confidence, prioritization, and ratings of basic competency for Volkmer, Cartwright, Ruggero et al.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Majority of people living worldwide live in low- and middle- income countries, including sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Most cognitive assessment batteries for Alzheimer's Disease(AD), are developed in high income countries (HICs), where most international dementia collaborations and data originate. The African Dementia Consortium (AfDC) is a new scientific collaboration network currently participating in the Recruitment and Retention for Alzheimer's Disease Diversity Genetic Cohorts in the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (READD-ADSP).

Kinesophobia in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: a latent profile analysis.

Objective: To explore the status of kinesophobia in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and analyze the influencing factors of different kinesophobia profiles.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

Participants: A total of 245 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who underwent surgical treatment at our Department of Orthopedics between January 2023 and March 2024 were selected.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: The number of people with dementia (PWD) is increasing worldwide, and especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Dementia's burden extends beyond mortality and healthcare costs. In LMIC, dementia indirect costs are proportionally higher.

Role of TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling pathway in renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and renal damage in elderly rats with isolated systolic hypertension induced by increased pulse pressure.

Objective: Elevated systolic blood pressure and increased pulse pressure are closely associated with renal damage; however, the exact mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of increased pulse pressure on tubulointerstitial fibrosis and renal damage in elderly rats with isolated systolic hypertension (ISH). Additionally, the role of renal tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its upstream signalling pathways were elucidated.

Dementia Care Research and Psychosocial Factors.

Background: Video interfacing is increasingly being used in research and health care. The 'VCog' Study seeks to determine whether remote research cognitive assessments are reliable and valid by directly comparing results from in-person administration of a standardized cognitive battery to the same battery administered remotely by video. The study also assesses technology use and comfort amongst participants of varying levels of cognitive impairment.