Pyloric index, a new parameter: predicting perioperative prognosis in neonates with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Purpose: Delays in the diagnosis and treatment of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) may lead to laboratory and clinical decompensation in infants. The aim of this study was to determine whether pyloric measurement parameters can be effectively used in the clinical prognosis of IHPS by evaluating the relationship between pyloric dimensions on ultrasonographic evaluation at the time of presentation and clinical and laboratory parameters in infants with pyloric stenosis.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 122 infants who were followed up with the diagnosis of IHPS in our neonatal clinic and operated on by a pediatric surgeon between January 2005 and December 2020.

Surgical management of delayed mucosal cyst after rhinoplasty: a case report.

Mucosal cysts are rare late complications of rhinoplasty, appearing anywhere from weeks to years post-surgery. The cyst's location can cause both cosmetic and functional issues. Definitive treatment requires complete surgical excision of the cyst and its capsule to prevent recurrence.

Enhancing research methods: The role of systematic and scoping reviews in orthopaedics, sports medicine and rehabilitation.

Efforts to improve research standards in orthopaedics, sports medicine, physical therapy, and rehabilitation are ongoing. Rrehabilitation andomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are widely regarded as the gold standard for the collection of primary data. Similarly, systematic reviews, due to their methodological rigor, have become the gold standard for evidence synthesis in medicine.

The shape of the corpus callosum is different in bipolar disorder.

Objective: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a recurrent chronic disorder characterised by fluctuations in mood and energy disposition. Diseases could lead to degenerative alterations in brain structures such as corpus callosum (CC). Studies demonstrated that abnormalities in CC are associated with BD symptoms.

Clinical and Genetic Mechanisms in Patients with MC2R Deficiency Presenting with Early Puberty.

Introduction: Melanocortin receptor 2 (MC2R) in the adrenal cortex controls the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. The melanocortin system, influenced by leptin, regulates GnRH neurons, crucial for puberty onset and fertility. This study evaluates early puberty in primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) patients due to MC2R gene alterations.

Actual clinical practice pattern in SWL after COVID-19 era: a critical evaluation from different aspects.

To outline the current status of Shock Wave Lithotripsy (SWL) in stone treatment and the changes in the mode of application after the COVID-19 pandemic along with critical factors affecting the clinical practice of this particular procedure. This study targeted national and international urology experts who could share and contribute their experiences and perspectives on SWL practices after COVID-19 era. Approximately 650 urology specialists were invited to participate in the survey based study via Google Forms.

Impact of the CPS-EG score as a new prognostic biomarker in triple-negative breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Background: This study aimed to establish risk groups on the basis of CPS-EG scores, independent of pCR status, in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) to identify the prognostic impact of the CPS-EG score.

Methods: Patient characteristics included age, menopausal status, clinical stage, pathological stage, estrogen receptor (ER) expression, nuclear grade, Ki-67 proliferation index, residual cancer burden (RCB) score, HER2 status, and other tumor characteristics. The CPS-EG scoring system included clinical stage, pathological stage, ER status, and grade.

The role of pentraxin 3 and cathepsin B levels in pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the levels of cathepsin B and pentraxin 3 in maternal serum of pregnant women with preeclampsia in the second trimester, to ascertain the impact of these levels on maternal and fetal outcomes, and to present a comprehensive analysis of the combined effects of cathepsin B and pentraxin 3 levels.

Methods: This prospective case-control study was conducted at Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital between 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022. The study included 78 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia and 78 healthy pregnant women in the second trimester, between the ages of 18 and 45.

Trolox Reduces Neuroblastoma-Induced Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Aim: To determine the effects of different concentrations of Trolox on the cytotoxic, oxidant, antioxidant, and cytokine levels in the SH-SY5Y cell line.

Material And Methods: SH-SY5Y cells were grown in an appropriate medium and under appropriate conditions. Trolox was added to the cell line at concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800 μM and incubated for 24 and 48 hours.

Nationwide study on the prevalence of rheumatoid factor and anticitrullinated peptide positivity and their contribution to rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis.

Background/aim: Rheumatoid factor (RF) and anticitrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) are specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) diagnosis. However, they could be positive in other diseases and even in healthy populations. The aim was to investigate the prevalence of positive RF and anti-CCP antibodies in persons admitted to hospital for any reason and on a national scale.

Are serum thrombomodulin and interleukin-8 levels associated with disease severity and mortality in critically ill children with respiratory failure?

Background/aim: Thrombomodulin (TM) is found on endothelial cell surfaces and increases in response to endothelial injury of different organs. Interleukin (IL)-8 regulates pulmonary inflammation. TM and IL-8 are candidate biological markers of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Antifibrotic treatment response comparison of progressive pulmonary fibrosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background/aim: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PPF) are two entities categorized as fibrotic lung diseases. With a similar clinical presentation and treatment modalities in many cases, the line differentiating these two diseases may not be evident. Hence, it was aimed herein to evaluate the effectiveness of antifibrotic treatment and the course of fibrotic lung diseases.

Association of gait speed and handgrip strength with falls in older adults: the role of cognition.

Background/aim: Fall risk assessment is crucial for older adults because falls are associated with morbidity and mortality. This study investigated the relationship of gait speed (GS) and handgrip strength (HGS) with falls and assessed whether cognition mediates this causality.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary referral geriatric outpatient clinic.

Evaluation of mandibular bone structure changes in patients with phenylketonuria through fractal analysis and radiomorphometric indices.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of phenylketonuria (PKU) on mandibular bone structure by comparing the bone of PKU patients with healthy controls using fractal analysis (FA) and the radiomorphometric indices of mandibular cortical width (MCW) and mandibular cortical index (MCI).

Study Design: In total, 32 patients with PKU were analyzed and compared with the control participants. Regions of interest in panoramic radiographs were selected and the fractal dimension (FD) obtained from FA was calculated.

Increased dementia risk in patients with Parkinson's disease attributed to metabolic syndrome.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) manifests resembling pathophysiological mechanisms with Parkinson's disease (PD). Current research on the overall population has emphasized MetS as a freestanding risk factor for cognition. This research aims to explore the impact of MetS on cognition in Parkinson's patients.

Comparative Assessment of Thermal Damage Induced by Bipolar Forceps in a Bovine Liver.

Background And Objectives: Bipolar electrocautery systems in neurosurgical procedures may induce thermal damage to adjacent tissues, especially neural tissues. Therefore, it is crucial to control thermal spread from the tips of bipolar forceps into adjacent tissues. The goal of this study was to compare the thermal damage induced in unintended adjacent tissues during coagulation with 6 different bipolar forceps.

Genetic Variations and Serum Levels of Leptin and Ghrelin in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Background: This study aims to examine leptin and ghrelin gene polymorphisms and serum levels in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: The study comprised a case group of 40 children aged 2-7 diagnosed with ASD and a control group of 40 healthy children. The severity of ASD symptoms was assessed using the Childhood Autism Rating Scale and the Autism Behavior Checklist.

Meningococcal Carriage in Children with Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Receiving Eculizumab Therapy.

Background/objectives: Eculizumab is a first-line treatment for atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), and patients undergoing eculizumab therapy may become more susceptible to infection caused by (). While meningococcal vaccination is required for patients undergoing eculizumab therapy, there is limited knowledge about meningococcal carriage in children with aHUS. We aimed to evaluate (1) the prevalence of carriage, (2) serogroup distribution, and (3) the immunization status of children undergoing eculizumab treatment for aHUS.

The standard assessment of global everyday activities is a valid and reliable scale to assess both physical and cognitive functionality in Turkish older adults.

Aim: This study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Standard Assessment of Global Everyday Activities (SAGEA) scale in older adults.

Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional, methodological design. The SAGEA scale was administered twice, with a two-week interval for test-retest reliability.