Exploring arterial anatomy of the internal capsule: an analysis of the deep vascular structures and related white matter pathways.

Background And Objectives: The internal capsule is supplied by perforators originating from the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior choroidal artery and anterior cerebral artery. The aim of this study is to examine the vascular anatomy of the internal capsule, along with its related white matter anatomy, in order to prevent potential risks and complications during surgical interventions.

Methods: Twenty injected hemispheres prepared according to the Klingler method were dissected.

Predictive significance of the prognostic nutritional index for in-stent restenosis following carotid artery stenting.

Background: Malnutrition and inflammation both have important impacts on medical outcomes of individuals treated by carotid artery stenting (CAS). However, their impact on the occurrence of carotid in-stent restenosis (ISR) is not sufficiently understood.

Aims: We explored the association of immune-nutritional status, as measured by the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), with ISR in individuals who had undergone CAS.

Prognostic value of nutrition for contrast-induced nephropathy in patients undergoing peripheral vascular intervention.

The objective was to examine the predictive value of malnutrition, assessed via the Controlling Nutritional status (CONUT) and Prognostic Nutrition Index (PNI) scores, in the development of contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) following peripheral vascular intervention (PVI). This retrospective cross-sectional observational study included the enrollment of 243 consecutive patients who underwent PVI. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the occurrence of CA-AKI.

Micro-Computed Tomography Whole-Block Imaging Reveals Origin and Path of Rectal Cancer Tumor Deposits: A Pilot Study.

In colorectal carcinoma (CRC), tumor deposits (TDs) are described as macroscopic/microscopic nests/nodules in the lymph drainage area discontinuous with the primary mass, without identifiable lymph node (LN) tissue, and not confined to vascular or perineural spaces. A TD is categorized as pN1C only when no bona fide LN metastasis exists. However, there has been an ongoing debate on whether TDs should be counted as LNs.

Diagnostic Efficacy of Cell Block and Liquid-Based Cytology for Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration in Pancreatic Tumors.

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of cell block (CB) and liquid-based cytology (LBC) for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) in pancreatic tumors. The study included patients who underwent EUS-FNA for pancreatic tumors between January 2015 and February 2021 and whose cytology samples were both processed for LBC and CB. Data of 390 patients (220 men, mean age: 64.

Efficacy of everolimus plus hormonal treatment after cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; real-life experience, A TOG study.

Purpose: In advanced breast cancer, endocrine therapy is preferred in the absence of visceral crisis. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKi) are the gold standards. The selection of subsequent treatments after CDKi treatment is still controversial, and the efficacy of everolimus (EVE) combinations is unknown.

The effects of preoperative therapeutic play on anxiety and fear levels in preschool children.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the effects of preoperative therapeutic play on fear and anxiety levels in preschool children.

Design And Methods: The study had an experimental pre-intervention-post-intervention design with a control group. The study was carried out with 37 children aged 3-6 years who were brought for surgical procedures at XX Research and Training Hospital between July 2020 and January 2021.

Comparative performance evaluation of random access and real-time PCR techniques in the diagnosis of BK virus infections in transplant patients.

Purpose: The study aims to compare random-access NeuMoDx values with artus qPCR values to validate the accuracy of NeuMoDx as an alternative to qPCR and provide an equation to convert copies/ml to IU/ml measurements.

Methods: A total of 95 samples, including 61 transplant patient samples (n = 23 urine, n = 38 plasma) as the study group, 28 BKPyV-free samples as the control group, and six quality control samples, were included. One-Way ANOVA, Pearson correlation, Bland-Altman, Passing-Bablok, Deming regression analyses were used for statistical evaluation.

The impact of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (low) status on the efficacy of first line cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors in advanced breast cancer.

The fact that the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low group, historically classified as HER2 negative in breast cancer histology, benefited from HER2-targeted treatments similarly to the HER2-positive group indicates that this group has a distinct histology from the HER2-0 group. The effectiveness of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors, which are the standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer, in this newly defined histological subgroup remains a topic of debate. In our study, we examined the impact of HER2 status on the efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors.

Relationship of psoriatic arthritis with nail and scalp involvement in Turkish psoriasis patients: Multicentered cross-sectional study.

Psoriasis is a common multisystem inflammatory disease, and arthritis is an essential component of the disorder, requiring early diagnosis and prompt treatment for successful management. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between nail and scalp involvement and other covariates with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This cross-sectional study, conducted from June 2021 through December 2021, included 763 patients from 11 different centers in Turkey.

Factors influencing circuit lifetime in paediatric continuous kidney replacement therapies - results from the EurAKId registry.

Background: Continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) has recently become the preferred kidney replacement modality for children with acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesise that CKRT technical parameters and treatment settings in addition to the clinical characteristics of patients may influence the circuit lifetime in children.

Methods: The study involved children included in the EurAKId registry (NCT02960867), who underwent CKRT treatment.

Renal Access in Pediatric Supine Miniaturized Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Comparative Evaluation of Ultrasound-Fluoroscopy Combined and Biplanar (0°-90°) Fluoroscopic Techniques.

Ultrasound (US)-guided puncture has the benefits of avoiding radiation and limiting the risk of visceral injury. We aimed to evaluate the results of two different renal access techniques during pediatric supine mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (smPCNL) in a comparative manner. Data obtained from pediatric patients undergoing smPCNL by single surgeon between September 2021 and 2023 were reviewed retrospectively.

Is the burden of metastatic lymph node stations a prognostic factor in patients with resected lung cancer?

Objectives: The burden of metastatic lymph node (LN) stations might reflect a distinct N subcategory with a more aggressive biology and behaviour than the traditional N classification.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2018, we analyzed 1236 patients with pN1/2 lung cancer. Survival was analyzed based on LN station metastasis, determining the optimal threshold for the number of metastatic LN stations that provided additional prognostic information.

Activation of the Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by GTS-21 Mitigates Contrast Nephropathy in a Rat Model.

Introduction: Contrast nephropathy (CN) is characterized by oxidative stress, vasoconstriction, tubular toxicity, and hypoxia of the renal medulla. We aimed to test the therapeutic effects of an α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist, GTS-21, in an experimental CN model.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 40) were divided into 4 groups: saline-treated control, GTS-21-treated control, contrast, and GTS-21-treated contrast groups.

Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on erectile dysfunction in cardiovascular patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and erectile dysfunction (ED) frequently co-occur, significantly affecting the quality of life of individuals.

Aim: To assess the impact of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on ED in patients with CVD through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: This study analyzed randomized controlled trials and other studies comparing CR with usual care for adult males (≥18 years) with any cardiac disease.

Evaluation of digit ratio (2D:4D) in breast cancer patients.

Breast cancer is a hormone-dependent cancer. Hormonal exposure begins in the intrauterine period and continues in later years of life. 2D:4D ratio is accepted as an indicator of this exposure.

Effect of zinc supplementation on glycemic biomarkers: an umbrella of interventional meta-analyses.

Background: Several studies have evaluated the effects of zinc supplementation on glycemic biomarkers in humans and have demonstrated varying results. We systematically evaluated the literature and performed an umbrella meta-analysis of the effects of zinc supplementation on type 2 diabetes biomarkers.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the following databases; PubMed, Embase, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published up to March 10, 2024.

The effects of on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery on oxidative stress and cerebral oxygenation: a prospective observational study.

Background/aim: In this prospective observational study, our goal was to investigate the relationship between serum levels of oxidative stress (OS) parameters and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO) in addition to evaluating postoperative clinical outcomes among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).

Materials And Methods: This study comprised 64 adult patients undergoing elective CABG (on-pump [n = 48] and off-pump [n = 16]) procedures. Serum OS levels and rSO values were measured intraoperatively at three specific time points: T1 (after induction), T2 (15 min before aortic cross-clamp removal or the final distal anastomosis), and T3 (15 min after aortic cross-clamp removal or the last distal anastomosis).

Benefits of dexmedetomidine during noninvasive mechanical ventilation in major abdominal surgery patients with postoperative respiratory failure.

Objective: The efficacy of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) on the postoperative ARF is conflicting and the failure rate of NIMV in this patient population is high. In our study, we hypothesized that the use of dexmedetomidine during NIMV in major abdominal surgical patients can reduce NIMV failure without significant side affect.

Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent major abdominal surgery, admitted to our general surgery intensive care unit (ICU), developed postoperative ARF, received NIMV (with oro-nasal mask) and dexmedetomidine infusion were enrolled in this study.

Value of integrated pulmonary index monitoring for the detection of adverse respiratory events in patients undergoing sedation for gastrointestinal system endoscopy.

Objectives: To determine if the integrated pulmonary index detects changes in ventilation status early in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy under sedation, and to determine the risk factors affecting hypoxia.

Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the endoscopy unit of a tertiary university hospital in Turkey and comprised data between October 2018 and December 2019 related to patients of either gender aged >18 years who were assessed as American Society of Anaesthesiologists grade I-III and underwent elective lower and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Monitoring was done with capnography in addition to standard procedures.