Muscle Mass Adjusted by Body Height is not Correlated with Mobility of Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background: Low muscle mass and obesity are associated with mobility disability, cardiometabolic diseases, and loss of independence. Three skeletal muscle indices (SMIs) are proposed to adjust the body size of individuals. However, it is unknown which index is better correlated with mobility.

Properties Related to the HLB Value of Hybrid Thermoelectric Nanofluids at Different Temperatures.

This article aims to explore the impact of HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) values on two key properties, namely the thermoelectric conductivities and the stability of the suspension, of a hybrid nanofluid composed of TiO and CuO nanoparticles. The present study employed a two-step synthesis method to prepare the polymeric nanofluid, which meant that the nanoparticles were mixed with the base fluid using an ultrasonic oscillator, which was easier and cheaper than the one-step synthesis method. To ensure that the nanoparticles remain evenly dispersed in the base fluid, two distinct polymer-emulsifier combinations with different HLB values were employed as the dispersing agents.

Investigations on Five PMMA Closed Types of Piezo Actuators as a Cooling Fan.

There are five closed types of piezo actuators (closed type of PA, closed PA) as a cooling fan relative to those different PAJs of the previous work (open type of PAJ, open PAJ) for analysis in the present study. Closed PA was composed of circular piezoelectric ceramics (PCs) and acrylic (PMMA) plates and investigated on five different types at operating conditions. The results show that the noise of the closed PA is quieter than that of the open PAJ by about 10 dB.

Investigations on Temperatures of the Flat Insert Mold Cavity Using VCRHCS with CFD Simulation.

This paper adopted transient CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation analysis with an experimental method for designing and surveying the quick and uniform rise in the temperature of the plastics into the insert mold cavity. Plastic injection molding utilizing VCRHCS (Vapor Chamber for Rapid Heating and Cooling System) favorably decreased the defects of crystalline plastic goods' welding lines, enhancing the tensile intensity and lowering the weakness of welding lines of a plastic matter. The vapor chamber (VC) possessed a rapid uniform temperature identity, which was embedded between the heating unit and the mold cavity.

Effect of a Novel Microwave-Assisted Induction Heating (MAIH) Technology on the Quality of Prepackaged Asian Hard Clam ().

The microwave-assisted induction heating (MAIH) method-an emerging thermal technique-was studied to heat the prepackaged raw hard clam (). The cooking effects on microbial and physiochemical qualities of clam were investigated. After the heating of the clam meat samples, the aerobic plate count (APC), psychrotrophic bacteria count (PBC), and total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN) levels decreased with increasing heating time, but the shucking ratio, area shrinkage, and texture (hardness, cohesiveness, and chewiness) increased.

Training Session and Detraining Duration Affect Lower Limb Muscle Strength Maintenance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Muscle strength after detraining is still higher than the level before training, which is an important issue for middle-aged and older adults. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of detraining duration (DD), resistance training duration (RTD), and intensity on the maintenance of resistance training (RT) benefits after detraining in middle-aged and older adults. A systematic search yielded 15 randomized control trails (n = 383) eligible for inclusion.

An Overview on the Novel Core-Shell Electrodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) Using Polymeric Methodology.

Lowering the interface charge transfer, ohmic and diffusion impedances are the main considerations to achieve an intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cell (ITSOFC). Those are determined by the electrode materials selection and manipulating the microstructures of electrodes. The composite electrodes are utilized by a variety of mixed and impregnation or infiltration methods to develop an efficient electrocatalytic anode and cathode.

PMMA Application in Piezo Actuation Jet for Dissipating Heat of Electronic Devices.

The present study utilizes an acrylic (PMMA) plate with circular piezoelectric ceramics (PC) as an actuator to design and investigate five different types of piezo actuation jets (PAJs) with operating conditions. The results show that the heat transfer coefficient of a device of PAJ is 200% greater than that of a traditional rotary fan when PAJ is placed at the proper distance of 10 to 20 mm from the heat source, avoiding the suck back of surrounding fluids. The cooling effect of these five PAJs was calculated by employing the thermal analysis method and the convection thermal resistance of the optimal PAJ can be reduced by about 36%, while the voltage frequency, wind speed, and noise were all positively correlated.

Estimations on Properties of Redox Reactions to Electrical Energy and Storage Device of Thermoelectric Pipe (TEP) Using Polymeric Nanofluids.

A thermoelectric pipe (TEP) is constructed by tubular graphite electrodes, Teflon material, and stainless-steel tube containing polymeric nanofluids as electrolytes in this study. Heat dissipation and power generation (generating capacity) are both fulfilled with temperature difference via the thermal-electrochemistry and redox reaction effects of polymeric nanofluids. The notion of TEP is to recover the dissipative heat from the heat capacity generated by the relevant machine systems.

Effect of Brine Concentrations on the Bacteriological and Chemical Quality and Histamine Content of Brined and Dried Milkfish.

In this research, the occurrence of hygienic quality and histamine in commercial brined and dried milkfish products, and the effects of brine concentrations on the quality of brined and dried milkfish, were studied. Brined and dried milkfish products ( = 20) collected from four retail stores in Taiwan were tested to investigate their histamine-related quality. Among them, five tested samples (25%, 5/20) had histamine contents of more than 5 mg/100 g, the United States Food and Drug Administration guidelines for scombroid fish, while two (10%, 2/20) contained 69 and 301 mg/100 g of histamine, exceeding the 50 mg/100 g potential hazard level.

Inactivation of by high hydrostatic pressure combined with lemon essential oil.

The inactivation and damage of histamine-forming bacterium, , in phosphate buffer and tuna meat slurry by high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) alone or in combination with 0.2% lemon essential oil (LEO) treatments were studied using viability measurement and scanning electron microscopy (). HHP alone or in combination with LEO treatments showed first-order destruction kinetics to during pressure holding period.

Histamine Fish Poisoning and Histamine Production by Raoultella ornithinolytica in Milkfish Surimi.

Abstract: In April 2017, an outbreak of histamine fish poisoning causing illness in nine victims associated with consumption of milkfish surimi products (fish ball) occurred in Kaohsiung City, southern Taiwan. Of the two suspected frozen milkfish surimi samples, one sample contained 91.06 mg/100 g of histamine, levels that are greater than the potential hazard action level (50 mg/100 g) in most illness cases.

A community-based approach to lean body mass and appendicular skeletal muscle mass prediction using body circumferences in community-dwelling elderly in Taiwan.

Background And Objectives: To develop and validate the prediction equations for lean body mass (LBM) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) using body circumference measurements of community-dwelling adults older than 50 years old.

Methods And Study Design: Four hundred and ninety-eight community-dwelling adults older than 50 years old were recruited for this study. Participants were randomly assigned to a development group (DG, n=332) and validation group (VG, n=166).

Allicin Modifies the Composition and Function of the Gut Microbiota in Alcoholic Hepatic Steatosis Mice.

The intestinal microbiome plays an important role in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. Alcohol intake induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and alters its function. This study investigated the antibiotic effect of allicin in mice with hepatic steatosis.

Effect of Vacuum Packaging on Histamine Production in Japanese Spanish Mackerel () Stored at Various Temperatures.

The effect of polyethylene packaging (PEP) in air cushion and vacuum packaging (VP) on histamine related to the quality of Japanese Spanish mackerel (JS mackerel) was studied with samples stored at -20, 4, 15, and 25°C. The aerobic plate count (APC), total volatile basic nitrogen (TVBN), and histamine concentrations of the PEP and VP samples stored at 25°C increased as the storage time continued. The PEP and VP samples stored at temperatures below 15°C showed lower levels of APC, TVBN, and histamine, with VP samples having considerably lower levels of APC, TVBN, and histamine than PEP samples.

Cold water immersion recovery strategy increases blood pressure levels after high-intensity intermittent exercise.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of cold water immersion (CWI) recovery strategies on the blood pressure levels and related physiological parameters after high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE).

Methods: This randomized crossover study included 20 men (21.5±1.

Characteristics of patients with endometrial hyperplasia under different air quality index conditions.

Objective: Air pollution has been widely recognized to pose a threat to health. Urban outdoor air pollution was listed as the 14th biggest risk factor for global deaths in 2004 in the Global Health Risks report published by the World Health Organization in 2009. Many past studies have indicated that exposure to environmental contaminants promotes changes in the internal mechanisms of diseases, including the infection of various systems in the body, hormonal changes, and vascular proliferation.

Performance of trickling bed microbial fuel cell treating isopropyl alcohol vapor: Effects of shock-load and shut-down episodes.

This work investigates the enhancement in the removal efficiency of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) vapor by a hollow trickling-bed microbial fuel cell (TB-MFC) that can be achieved by certain modifications. The effects of shock load and shutdown on the performance of TB-MFC were evaluated. When organic loading (OL) of IPA was approximately 22.

Effects of Dynamic Stretching with Different Loads on Hip Joint Range of Motion in the Elderly.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate and sustained effects of static stretching (SS), dynamic stretching (DS) with no-load (DSNL), DS with a light load (DSLL, 0.25 kg), and DS with a heavy load (DSHL, 0.5 kg) on the hip joint range of motion (ROM).

Bioremediation capability evaluation of benzene and sulfolane contaminated groundwater: Determination of bioremediation parameters.

Benzene and sulfolane are commonly used but hazardous chemicals in the petrochemical industry and their leakage and inappropriate disposal certainly causes serious soil and groundwater contamination. In this research, the bioremediation potential of groundwater contaminated with benzene and sulfolane was evaluated, and the operating parameters for bioremediation were established through laboratory batch experiments. Among the various bacterial consortia, the bacterial population of monitoring well c (MWc) contained the highest sulfolane and benzene removal efficiencies.

Antidepressant-like effects of water extract of Gastrodia elata Blume on neurotrophic regulation in a chronic social defeat stress model.

Ethnopharmacology Relevance: Gastrodia elata Blume (GE) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used to treat dizziness, epilepsy, paralysis and some emotional symptoms in east Asia. We previously showed that the water extract of Gastrodia elata Blume (WGE) possesses anti-depression like effects in a forced swimming test and chronic mild stress model.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant-like effects of WGE and potential mechanisms related to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulation in mice exposed to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model.

Training effect of a stationary preprogrammed target dummy on visual response time and contest performance of karate athletes.

Background: Response time (RT) is crucial in karate athletes and can be trained. The aim of this study was to compare standing eye-hand RT and contest performance in nonelite karate athletes who underwent 6 weeks of training using either a stationary preprogrammed target dummy (experimental group) or traditional karate instruction (control group).

Methods: Forty male nonelite karate athletes (20 in each group) were recruited.

Diet Supplementation with Allicin Protects against Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice by Improving Anti-inflammation and Antioxidative Functions.

This study investigated the liver-protective effects of allicin, an active compound in fresh garlic, against alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and liver inflammation. Its effects were investigated in an AFLD model in male C57BL/6 mice, which were fed Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing ethanol. Allicin (5 and 20 mg/kg bw/day) was orally administered daily in the AFLD mice for 4 weeks.

Nuclear IKKα mediates microRNA-7/-103/107/21 inductions to downregulate maspin expression in response to HBx overexpression.

Maspin is a tumor suppressor that stimulates apoptosis and inhibits metastasis in various cancer types, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous study has demonstrated that HBx induced microRNA-7, 103, 107, and 21 expressions to suppress maspin expression, leading to metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor prognosis in HCC patients. However, it remains unclear how HBx elicits these microRNA expressions.