Two-year Follow-up of a Pragmatic Randomised Controlled Trial Examining the Effect of Adding a Carer's Skill Training Intervention in Inpatients with Anorexia Nervosa.

Background: Active family engagement improves outcomes from adolescent inpatient care, but the impact on adult anorexia nervosa is uncertain.

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the 2-year outcome following a pragmatic randomised controlled trial in which a skill training intervention (Experienced Caregivers Helping Others) for carers was added to inpatient care.

Method: Patient, caregiver and service outcomes were measured for 2 years following discharge from the index inpatient admission.

Clinical effectiveness of a skills training intervention for caregivers in improving patient and caregiver health following in-patient treatment for severe anorexia nervosa: pragmatic randomised controlled trial.

Background: Families express a need for information to support people with severe anorexia nervosa.

Aims: To examine the impact of the addition of a skills training intervention for caregivers (Experienced Caregivers Helping Others, ECHO) to standard care.

Method: Patients over the age of 12 (mean age 26 years, duration 72 months illness) with a primary diagnosis of anorexia nervosa and their caregivers were recruited from 15 in-patient services in the UK.

Confirmatory factor analysis for two questionnaires of caregiving in eating disorders.

Objective: Caring for someone diagnosed with an eating disorder (ED) is associated with a high level of burden and psychological distress which can inadvertently contribute to the maintenance of the illness. The Eating Disorders Symptom Impact Scale (EDSIS) and Accommodation and Enabling Scale for Eating Disorders (AESED) are self-report scales to assess elements of caregiving theorised to contribute to the maintenance of an ED. Further validation and confirmation of the factor structures for these scales are necessary for rigorous evaluation of complex interventions which target these modifiable elements of caregiving.

The clinical implications of high levels of autism spectrum disorder features in anorexia nervosa: a pilot study.

Objective: This study examined autism spectrum disorder (ASD) features in relation to treatment completion and eating disorder psychopathology in anorexia nervosa (AN).

Method: Thirty-two adult women were recruited from specialist eating disorder services. Features of ASD and disordered eating were measured.

Managing anorexia nervosa in the community.

This article describes the development and evaluation of a new specialist intensive community-based service for adults (those aged 18 years and above) with severe and enduring eating disorders (SEEDs). The service was developed by the Yorkshire Centre for Eating Disorders based in Leeds. We developed and evaluated a nurse-delivered community-based service that aimed to manage the complex needs of people with SEEDs without hospital admission.

Ten session body image therapy: efficacy of a manualised body image therapy.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of 10 session body image therapy (BAT-10) in the treatment of anorexia nervosa with adherence to the methodological guidance for complex interventions.

Method: Fifty-five adult inpatients with anorexia nervosa at two national centres received the group-based manualised body-image therapy (BAT-10). BAT-10 was refined, developed and manualised over two decades, by using the mindfulness-based cognitive behavioural therapy, including mirror exposure.

Knowledge and attitudes of psychiatrists towards eating disorders.

Objective: This study examined the eating disorder mental health literacy of psychiatrists.

Method: A sample of psychiatrists completed a questionnaire measuring knowledge of and attitudes towards eating disorders. Knowledge questions were based on the academic literature, standard diagnostic criteria and national guidelines on the management of eating disorders.

Eructophilia in bulimia nervosa: a clinical feature.

This report offers the first detailed description of repetitive eructation (belching) in a patient with bulimia nervosa. The case was a man in his 30's with bulimia nervosa characterized by daily bingeing and purging behavior. Detailed assessment revealed repetitive eructation which was construed as a learned behavior precipitated and maintained by aerophagia (air swallowing) secondary to regular binge-eating.

Vicarious posttraumatic growth among interpreters.

An emerging evidence base indicates that posttraumatic growth might be experienced vicariously by those working alongside trauma survivors. In this study we explored the vicarious experiences of eight interpreters working in a therapeutic setting with asylum seekers and refugees. We adopted a qualitative approach, using semistructured interviews and interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Body image in gay and straight men: a qualitative study.

Objective: Recent research has emphasized vulnerability to eating disorders in gay men, with calls for research on causality, cultural factors and focus on a younger age cohort. This study aimed to examine body image and related eating behaviours in younger gay and straight men.

Method: Qualitative study using a sample of gay and straight male university students, applying audiotaped and transcribed depth interview subjected to interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Salinophagia in anorexia nervosa: case reports.

We report two cases of pathological ingestion of salt as a feature of anorexia nervosa, which we have previously termed "salinophagia." Both cases were young women with anorexia nervosa of the purging subtype and of sufficient severity to necessitate inpatient treatment. In both instances, excessive quantities of salt were ingested in the context of treatment programs requiring nutritional rehabilitation, and motivated by a wish to despoil the food and render it distasteful, to rob its ingestion of any hedonic qualities.

The prevalence of eating disorders in women with facial hirsutism: an epidemiological cohort study.

Objective: The prevalence of DSM IV-defined eating disorders is evaluated in a population of women with facial hirsutism.

Method: The Structured Clinical Interview (SCID) for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM IV) and the Eating Disorder Evaluation (EDE) were administered to 80 hirsute women presenting routinely to an endocrine outpatient clinic. Objective phenotypic severity of hyperandrogenic symptoms, gender role, self-esteem, and social adjustment were quantified using validated measures and weight, height, and fertility were assessed during interview.

Psychiatric disorders in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Objective: Depression is undertreated in cardiac disease. Our aim was to evaluate frequency and risk factors of psychiatric disorders in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Methods: This was a two-phase epidemiological approach, using screening questionnaire then gold standard structured clinical interview.