Association of sleep and generalized anxiety disorder in Korean adolescents.

Background: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a common anxiety disorder among adolescents, significantly impacting their concentration and learning capabilities. The connection between emotional well-being and sleep is well-established, and Korean adolescents are particularly prone to inadequate sleep. This study aimed to determine the association between sleep duration and GAD in Korean adolescents.

Survey on Resident Education for Surgical Dermatology in South Korea.

Background: With the increasing demand for surgical procedures in dermatology, resident education in surgical dermatology has become important for delivering high-quality treatment. However, it remains unclear if a sufficient number of residency programs with quality standards exist, as there has been little research on this subject in South Korea.

Objective: To identify the status of surgical dermatology education among residents and assess dermatologists' perceptions of the subject.

Association between the utilization of senior centers and participation in health check-ups.

The global older adult population is increasing. Early detection and intervention through health check-ups are crucial for successful aging, as they play a significant role in identifying and addressing diseases. This study explored the relationship between the utilization of senior centers and the promotion of health check-ups.

Effect of dexamethasone and ramosetron on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in low-risk patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial.

Background: Several studies have investigated the effect of antiemetics on postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in high-risk groups. However, few studies have investigated the effect of antiemetics in patients at low risk of developing PONV.

Methods: In this prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial, 177 patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to three groups.

Densely Convolutional Spatial Attention Network for nuclei segmentation of histological images for computational pathology.

Introduction: Automatic nuclear segmentation in digital microscopic tissue images can aid pathologists to extract high-quality features for nuclear morphometrics and other analyses. However, image segmentation is a challenging task in medical image processing and analysis. This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based method for nuclei segmentation of histological images for computational pathology.

Can we predict postinflammatory hyperpigmentation after laser treatment based on dermoscopic findings of solar lentigo?

Solar lentigo (SL) commonly occurs as hyperpigmented macules in areas exposed to ultraviolet radiation. It typically shows an increased number of melanocytes in the basal cell layer of the skin, with or without elongated rete ridges. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the characteristic dermoscopic patterns, reflecting different histopathological features, which might be valuable in predicting the possibility of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) occurring after laser treatment.

Long-term outcome of minimally invasive thymectomy versus open thymectomy for locally advanced cases.

Objectives: Our goal was to compare the oncological outcomes and efficacy between minimally invasive thymectomy (MIT) and open thymectomy (OT) in patients with early or locally advanced thymoma using a multicentre study database.

Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 1,239 patients who underwent thymectomy between January 2000 and December 2013, as recorded in the database of the Korean Association for Research on Thymus. We compared the postoperative outcomes of the MIT and OT groups using unmatched and propensity score (PS) matched data.

Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Prostate Cancer Detection through Dual-Channel Tissue Feature Engineering.

The optimal diagnostic and treatment strategies for prostate cancer (PCa) are constantly changing. Given the importance of accurate diagnosis, texture analysis of stained prostate tissues is important for automatic PCa detection. We used artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to classify dual-channel tissue features extracted from Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) tissue images, respectively.

Preferential microglial activation associated with pathological alpha synuclein transmission.

Self-proliferation of the pathological form of α-synuclein was identified as one of the main pathophysiological presentations of Parkinson's disease (PD) a decade ago. Although inflammation has also been suggested to contribute to PD pathogenesis, it is unclear whether this is associated with the pathological spread of α-synuclein aggregation. Herein, we evaluated two main neuroinflammatory processes in the striatum-microgliosis and astrogliosis-after the injection of preformed fibrils of α-synuclein into the mouse striatum.

REM sleep behavior disorder in early Parkinson's disease predicts the rapid dopaminergic denervation.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) in early Parkinson's disease (PD) predicts rapid progression of dopaminergic denervation.

Methods: 123I-FP-CIT single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans were performed sequentially at baseline, 1 year, 2 years, and 4 years in 416 de novo patients with PD. RBD screening questionnaire scores >5 at baseline placed the participant in the likely-RBD group.

Three-Year Sustained Clinical Efficacy of Drug-Coated Balloon Angioplasty in a Real-World Femoropopliteal Cohort.

To report the 36-month outcomes from the prospective, multicenter, single-arm IN.PACT Global Study ( identifier NCT01609296) evaluating the performance of the IN.PACT Admiral drug-coated balloon (DCB) in real-world patients with femoropopliteal occlusive disease.

Multi-Features Classification of Prostate Carcinoma Observed in Histological Sections: Analysis of Wavelet-Based Texture and Colour Features.

Microscopic biopsy images are coloured in nature because pathologists use the haematoxylin and eosin chemical colour dyes for biopsy examinations. In this study, biopsy images are used for histological grading and the analysis of benign and malignant prostate tissues. The following PCa grades are analysed in the present study: benign, grade 3, grade 4, and grade 5.

The Relationship between the Triglyceride to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio and Metabolic Syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome is associated with cardiovascular diseases and is characterized by insulin resistance. Recent studies suggest that the triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDLC) ratio predicts insulin resistance better than individual lipid levels, including TG, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), or HDLC. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between the TG/HDLC ratio and metabolic syndrome in the general Korean population.

Radiotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: New Indications and Directions for Future Study.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide; its incidence is increasing in the United States. Depending on disease extent and underlying liver status, patients may be treated with local, locoregional, and/or systemic therapy. Recent data indicates that radiotherapy (RT) can play a meaningful role in the management of HCC.

A prosocial online game for social cognition training in adolescents with high-functioning autism: an fMRI study.

To help patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) improve their social skills, effective interventions and new treatment modalities are necessary. We hypothesized that a prosocial online game would improve social cognition in ASD adolescents, as assessed using metrics of social communication, facial recognition, and emotional words. Ten ASD adolescents underwent cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) using a prosocial online game (game-CBT), and ten ASD adolescents participated in an offline-CBT.

First-, second-, third-line therapy for mRCC: benchmarks for trial design from the IMDC.

Background: Limited data exist on outcomes for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with multiple lines of therapy. Benchmarks for survival are required for patient counselling and clinical trial design.

Methods: Outcomes of mRCC patients from the International mRCC Database Consortium database treated with 1, 2, or 3+ lines of targeted therapy (TT) were compared by proportional hazards regression.

A population-based overview of sequences of targeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Several TTs are available to treat mRCC; however, the optimal sequence of therapy remains unknown.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive population-based samples of patients with mRCC treated with TT were collected from 12 cancer centers via the International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium. Patient characteristics, first-line and second-line progression-free survival rates and overall survival data were collected based on sequencing of TT.

Comparative assessment of angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction: surmountable vs. insurmountable antagonist.

Background: The mechanisms of antagonism vary between the angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs): insurmountable antagonism and surmountable antagonism. Recent retrospective observational studies suggest that ARBs may not have equivalent benefits in various clinical situations. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two categories of ARBs on the long-term clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Analyzing and modeling of the web-based self care record system for hypertension patients - focused on blood pressure and drug management.

This study reviews and analyzes three web-based self care record systems for hypertension patients that are selected by many Korean medical web sites suggesting the new web-based self care record system for hypertension patients. Also, this study can aim to increase the effectiveness of the web-based self-care record system focused on blood pressure and drug management for hypertension patients. Three web-sites (National Hypertension Center; http://www.

Vitamin D inadequacy in postmenopausal women in Eastern Asia.

Objective: To review data on the prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy and its causes in postmenopausal women in Eastern Asia.

Research Design And Method: Data were obtained from the published biomedical literature as well as abstracts and posters presented at scientific meetings. Using MEDLINE, EMBASE and BIOSIS databases (to July 2007), epidemiological studies were identified using the search terms: 'human', 'vitamin D', 'vitamin D deficiency', 'vitamin D inadequacy', 'vitamin D insufficiency' and 'hypovitaminosis D', 'osteomalacia' and 'osteoporosis'.

Clevudine therapy for 24 weeks further reduced serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels and increased ALT normalization rates without emergence of viral breakthrough than 12 weeks of clevudine therapy.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the safety and antiviral activity of 24-week treatment with clevudine 30 mg in HBeAg(+) chronic hepatitis B patients. Biochemical and serological responses were also assessed.

Method: Twenty-one patients received clevudine 30 mg for 24 weeks and were followed up for another 24 weeks off therapy.