Negative Impacts of Prolonged Standing at Work on Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Physical Fatigue: The Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate variations in the risk of low back pain (LBP), lower extremity muscle pain, and whole body fatigue according to differences in prolonged standing work hours in relation to risk factor exposure and rest frequency.

Materials And Methods: From the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey data collected in 2017, data for 32970 full-time workers who worked for more than 1 year at their present job were analyzed. We classified the workers according to exposure to fatigue or painful postures, carrying heavy objects, performance of repetitive movements that burden the musculoskeletal system, and how often they took a break.

Audiological benefits and performance improvements of Baha® attract implantation in patients with unilateral hearing loss.

Objectives: To evaluate the overall functional and audiological benefits in unilateral hearing loss, as well as performance improvements with Cochlear™ Baha® Attract System with Baha® 5 sound processor.

Methods: We performed a prospective study. Fourteen consecutive adult patients with unilateral hearing loss who were audiologically eligible for Baha® Attract were included in this study.

Determinants of Legislation on Social Health Insurance in Transition Countries.

This study aims to address the question: Why did transition countries enact laws related to social health insurance (SHI) at different times, even though they experienced dissolution of the Soviet Union at the same time in the early 1990s? We used Ragin's fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis to investigate the configurations of causal conditions that affected the speed of developing SHI-related legislation in 24 post-socialist countries. The potential causal conditions were health status, economic status, level of governance, level of democracy, issue salience, and number of medical professionals. We found 3 pathways that led to the enactment of SHI-related laws and 1 pathway that inhibits enactment.

Non-invasive postoperative monitoring of pedicled rat skin flap using laser speckle contrast imaging.

Purpose: This study used non-invasive laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) modality to evaluate the blood flow changes in murine flap model and to investigate the clinical feasibility of the LSCI for postoperative monitoring.

Methods: Ten of 6-8 weeks old Spraque-Dawley rats with superficial inferior epigastric vessel based pedicled skin flaps were used in this experiment. The color changes of skin flap were evaluated by naked eyes and the LSCI modality 6, 24, and 48 h after surgery.

Leisure Time Physical Activity to Reduce Metabolic Syndrome Risk: A 10-Year Community-Based Prospective Study in Korea.

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major public health problem related to increased risks of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether recommended levels of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) decrease the risk of MetS in a community-based prospective cohort study (Ansung and Ansan cohort).

Materials And Methods: A total of 3910 adults (1890 men, 2020 women) without MetS examined in 2001-2002 (baseline) were included in this study and followed up from 2013 to 2014.

Automatic Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation Based on Convolutional Neural Network Using a Short-term Normal Electrocardiogram Signal.

Background: In this study, we propose a method for automatically predicting atrial fibrillation (AF) based on convolutional neural network (CNN) using a short-term normal electrocardiogram (ECG) signal.

Methods: We designed a CNN model and optimized it by dropout and normalization. One-dimensional convolution, max-pooling, and fully-connected multiple perceptron were used to analyze the short-term normal ECG.

Monitoring blood-flow in the mouse cochlea using an endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging system.

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) enables continuous high-resolution assessment of microcirculation in real-time. We applied an endoscope to LSCI to measure cochlear blood-flow in an ischemia-reperfusion mouse model. We also explored whether using xenon light in combination with LSCI facilitates visualization of anatomical position.

Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy with Temozolomide Followed by Adjuvant Temozolomide for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter Observation Study in Korea.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and survival benefits of combined treatment with radiotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) in a Korean sample.

Materials And Methods: A total of 750 Korean patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma multiforme, who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with TMZ (CCRT) and adjuvant TMZ from January 2006 until June 2011, were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: After the first operation, a gross total resection (GTR), subtotal resection (STR), partial resection (PR), biopsy alone were achieved in 388 (51.

Headache After Cerebral Angiography: Frequency, Predisposing Factors, and Predictors of Recovery.

Background And Purpose: Headache after cerebral angiography is frequent but has received little attention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence and risk factors of headache after cerebral angiography. This study also addressed the predisposing factors that facilitate headache recovery.

Cortical reorganization demonstrated by diffusion tensor tractography analyzed using functional MRI activation.

The diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) allows the corticospinal tract(CST) to be visualized at the subcortical level and functional MRI (fMRI) is capable of precisely identifying activation sites at the cortex. Therefore, it seems that combined DTT/fMRI would allow more accurate evaluation of the state of the CST. We have attempted to demonstrate cortical reorganization in a patient with cortical hemorrhage using DTT analyzed by fMRI activations.

Motor outcome according to the integrity of the corticospinal tract determined by diffusion tensor tractography in the early stage of corona radiata infarct.

Diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) is useful for exploring the state of the corticospinal tract (CST). An accurate estimation of the integrity of the CST in the early stage of a cerebral infarct would enable a determination of motor recovery. DTT was performed to classify CST integrity following a corona radiata infarct to evaluate if the procedure could characterize the motor outcome of the affected hand.

Recovery of corticospinal tract with diffuse axonal injury: a diffusion tensor image study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identity the recovery process of the corticospinal tract with diffuse axonal injury (DAI) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Design: A 47-year-old female patient and six age-matched control subjects were evaluated. The patient presented with quadriparesis (more severe in the right extremities than the left ones) due to DAI at the onset of traumatic brain injury.

Cortical activation changes induced by visual biofeedback tracking training in chronic stroke patients.

Objectives: We tried to examine whether visual biofeedback tracking training (VBTT) can improve both the gait performance and cortical activation pattern in chronic stroke patients.

Design: We enrolled 10 chronic hemiparetic patients with stroke(mean age 46.3 +/- 5.

Motor outcome according to diffusion tensor tractography findings in the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage.

We tried to investigate the motor outcome according to diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) findings for the corticospinal tract (CST) in the early stage for hemiparetic patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Forty patients with severe paralysis of the affected side were enrolled. DTT was obtained in the early stage of the stroke (7-30 days) and was classified into four groups: type A, the CST originating from primary motor cortex was preserved around the hematoma; type B, the CST was similar to type A except the fiber originated from the adjacent areas to the primary motor cortex; type C, the CST was interrupted at or around the hematoma; and type D, the CST did not reach the hematoma due to degeneration (Fig.

Involvement of MAP kinases in apoptosis of macrophage treated with Trichomonas vaginalis.

A primitive protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis selectively activates the signal transduction pathways in macrophages (RAW264.7). This study evaluated the correlation of these signaling pathways and T.