Shoulder Aesthetics: A Novel Synergy of Hyaluronic Acid Fillers and Neuromodulators.

The pursuit of aesthetically pleasing shoulder contours, particularly those characterised by a sharp, angular definition, has gained significant traction in Southeast Asia. Traditionally, neuromodulators have been used to achieve these results by inducing muscle atrophy, particularly in the trapezius muscles. However, this approach can carry potential risks, such as compromised muscle function and spinal instability.

Topographic Analysis of the Periorbital Region Including Orbicularis Oculi Muscle Based on Ultrasonography Interpretation.

Objective: Ultrasonographic examination is easy, fast, safe, and used in various fields; however, its application to the facial area has been limited. Complex anatomical structures are mixed within thin, soft tissues in the facial region; therefore, understanding their structural characteristics is crucial. This study aimed to use ultrasonography to obtain information on the layered structure and soft tissue thickness of the eye area around the orbicularis oculi muscle and provide guidance for clinical practice.

Dimples as Desired Outcomes: Rethinking Their Role in Thread Lifting Procedures.

Facial thread lifts, known for being minimally invasive with quick results, can sometimes lead to dimpling. A case report of a 35-year-old Asian man who developed a pleasing unilateral dimple after a thread lift highlights the potential for intentional dimple creation through this method. With surgical dimple creation in demand, as dimples symbolize good luck in Chinese culture and beauty in Arabic traditions, thread lifts may offer a less invasive alternative for those seeking dimples without surgery.

Comparison of Patient-Specific Plates and Pre-Bent Plates for Preserving Condylar Position in Mandible Reconstruction.

Objectives: To compare the efficacy of patient-specific 3-dimensional (3D)-printed plates (PSP) and pre-bent universal reconstruction plates (PBP) in preserving the 3D position of the mandibular condyle and total operation time during mandibular reconstruction with a fibula-free flap.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 18 patients who underwent mandibular reconstruction using fibular free flaps. Both groups utilized virtual surgical planning (VSP) and 3D-printed surgical guides.

How Should We Use Hyaluronidase for Dissolving Hyaluronic Acid Fillers?

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are commonly used in esthetic medicine for facial contouring and rejuvenation. However, complications such as overcorrection, vascular occlusion, and irregular filler distribution necessitate the use of hyaluronidase to dissolve the fillers. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hyaluronidase in degrading different types of HA fillers and provide clinical guidelines for its use based on filler type, dosage, and application techniques.

Why Does an "Avatar Nose" Appear After Dermal Filler Injection? Insights From a Cadaveric Study on the Nasofrontal Ligament.

Background: Nonsurgical rhinoplasty (NSR) with dermal fillers has gained popularity because of its immediate and visible results, minimal downtime, and long-lasting effects. However, complications such as filler migration can lead to the development of the "Avatar nose," a condition where the nose appears unnaturally wide and bulbous in the nasion area, disrupting facial harmony. This phenomenon is often exacerbated by the presence of a taut nasofrontal ligament, which tethers the periosteum to the dermal layer and influences nasal contour.

Artificial intelligence-enhanced diagnosis of degenerative joint disease using temporomandibular joint panoramic radiography and joint noise data.

This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model for the screening of degenerative joint disease (DJD) using temporomandibular joint (TMJ) panoramic radiography and joint noise data. A total of 2631 TMJ panoramic images were collected, resulting in a final dataset of 3908 images (2127 normal (N) and 1781 DJD (D)) after excluding indeterminate cases and errors. AI models using GoogleNet were evaluated with six different combinations of image data, clinician-detected crepitus, and patient-reported joint noise.

Anatomic-Based Diagnosis and Filler Injection Techniques: Chin Augmentation and Jawline Contouring.

Chin augmentation and jawline contouring have emerged as significant procedures in aesthetic medicine, addressing both structural and age-related changes in the lower face. This review explores anatomic-based diagnosis and filler injection techniques for these treatments. Ethnic variations in facial structure necessitate different approaches, with Western patients often seeking jawline definition, while Asian patients frequently require chin projection.

Unilateral temporomandibular joint disorders diagnosed as both disc displacement without reduction and osteoarthritis show vertical craniofacial asymmetry in women.

This study investigated the effects of unilateral temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs), specifically disc displacement without reduction and osteoarthritis on one side of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), on facial asymmetry in women, while the contralateral TMJ exhibits normal findings. Participants were retrospectively enrolled and divided into an affected group (n = 42 with unilateral TMJD) and a control group (n = 49 with bilateral healthy TMJs). The affected group was dagnosed with osteoarthritis on cone-bema computed tomograph and anterior disk displacement without reduction on magnetic resonance imaging.

Influence of heat-assisted vat photopolymerization on the physical and mechanical characteristics of dental 3D printing resins.

The effects of heat-assisted vat photopolymerization (HVPP) on the physical and mechanical properties of 3D-printed dental resins, including the morphometric stability of 3D-printed crowns, were investigated. A resin tank was designed to maintain the resin at 30, 40, and 50 ℃ during the 3D printing process. Test specimens were fabricated using a commercial dental resin, with untreated resin serving as the control group.

Current understanding of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and management of peri-implant diseases: a narrative review for the consensus report of the Korean Academy of Periodontology.

Over the past few decades, dental implants have been successfully utilized to replace teeth lost due to periodontal disease and other conditions. However, similar to natural teeth, dental implants are vulnerable to inflammatory peri-implant diseases, which can compromise their long-term viability. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of peri-implant diseases and discuss effective strategies for their diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management.

Facial Thread Lifting Complications: Underlying Causes.

Introduction: Thread lifting procedures are becoming increasingly popular for facial rejuvenation. However, various complications can arise during these procedures, many of which are influenced by anatomic factors.

Methods: In this section, the authors explore the potential side effects associated with thread lifting and emphasize the anatomic structures that require careful attention.

Injection Techniques for Filler Procedures With Illustration: Narrative Review.

This narrative review explores the various injection techniques utilized in facial filler procedures, emphasizing their applications, benefits, and potential complications. The increasing demand for total facial contouring and rejuvenation has led to a rise in the use of volumizing fillers and the integration of these procedures with other treatments such as toxins, threads, lasers, radiofrequency, and ultrasound. Achieving satisfactory results necessitates a comprehensive understanding of facial anatomy and the effects of aging on skin tissue.

Bio-Orchestration of Cellular Organization and Human-Preferred Sensory Texture in Cultured Meat.

For cultured meat to effectively replace traditional meat, it is essential to develop scaffolds that replicate key attributes of real meat, such as taste, nutrition, flavor, and texture. However, one of the significant challenges in replicating meat characteristics with scaffolds lies in the considerable gap between the stiffness preferred by cells and the textural properties desired by humans. To address this issue, we focused on the microscale environment conducive to cell growth and the macro-scale properties favored by humans.

Comparison of Biocompatibility of 3D-Printed Ceramic and Titanium in Micropig Ankle Hemiarthroplasty.

Background: Ankle arthritis is a common degenerative disease that progresses as cartilage damage in the lower tibia and upper talus progresses, resulting in loss of joint function. In addition to typical arthritis, there is also structural bone loss in the talus due to diseases such as talar avascular necrosis. Total talus replacement surgery is the procedure of choice in end-stage ankle arthritis and consists of a tibial, talar component and an insert.

Anatomical-Based Filler Injection Techniques: Anteromedial, Buccal, and Lateral Cheek Hollow.

Background: Hollowness in the anteromedial, buccal, and lateral cheek regions is a common concern in aesthetic medicine, often resulting from age-related volume loss and structural changes. Advanced filler injection techniques that incorporate a thorough understanding of facial anatomy are critical for achieving optimal and safe outcomes.

Objective: To review and detail anatomically guided filler injection techniques for addressing hollowness in specific cheek regions, considering facial anatomy, ethnic variations, and patient-specific aesthetic goals.

Facial Thread Lifting Complications.

Background: Thread lifting is a minimally invasive technique for addressing facial aging and skin laxity. Despite its popularity, it carries risks of complications ranging from minor bruising to severe structural injuries. Comprehensive understanding of these complications is vital for optimizing outcomes.

Ethical Use of Cadaveric Images in Anatomical Textbooks, Atlases, and Journals: A Consensus Response From Authors and Editors.

Nowadays, consent to use donor bodies for medical education and research is obtained from the body donors and their families before the donation. Recently, the International Federation of Associations of Anatomists (IFAA) published guidelines that could restrict the appearance of cadaveric images in commercial anatomical resources such as textbooks and other educational products. These guidelines state that the donor must expressly consent to using such images for this purpose.

Age-related morphological changes of the pubic symphyseal surface: using three-dimensional statistical shape modeling.

Computational analysis of the pubic symphyseal surface is widely used for accurate age estimation, offering quantitative precision through the detection of subtle morphological changes. However, these methods often lack insights into the underlying morphological changes across different age groups. To bridge this gap, the study utilizes statistical shape modeling (SSM), a versatile tool capable of describing diverse morphological variations within populations.

Evaluation of the Mechanical and Biological Properties of Polycaprolactone Scaffolds Produced by a Material Extrusion 3D Printer or 3D Pen: A Novel Bone Repair Strategy.

Addressing the high cost and long cycle associated with the multistep digital restoration process involving 3D printing technology, we proposed the 3D pen as an innovative strategy for rapid bone repair. Capitalizing on the low melting point characteristic of polycaprolactone (PCL), we introduced, for the first time, the novel concept of directly constructing scaffolds at bone defect sites using 3D pens. In this in vitro study, we meticulously evaluated both the mechanical and biological properties of 3D pen-printed PCL scaffolds with six distinct textures: unidirectional (UNI) (0°, 45°, 90°), bidirectional (BID) (-45°/45°, 0°/90°), and concentric (CON).

Recommendations on Ultrasound-Guided Hyaluronic Acid Soft Tissue Augmentation of the Upper Face in Asians.

Background: Ultrasonography allows real-time imaging of facial soft tissue during hyaluronic acid (HA) filler injections. However, there is currently limited guidance relating to ultrasound-guided HA filler placement in the upper face.

Aims: To develop guidance for the effective use of ultrasonography to improve the safety of HA filler injection procedures.

Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis using standardized uptake value in single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography.

This study aimed to investigate the cutoff values of standardized uptake values (SUVs) and their accuracy using single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis (OA) based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical examination. We included 106 joints of 53 patients with TMJ OA. SUVmax and SUVpeak of each TMJ was measured.

Bone Regeneration After Sinus Floor Elevation in an Intact Sinus or a Sinus With Prior Large Membrane Perforation: A Preclinical Study Using a Rabbit Sinus Model.

Aim: To determine bone regeneration following sinus floor elevation (SFE) at sites with or without prior sinus membrane perforation.

Materials And Methods: The sinus membranes in the maxillary sinuses of 12 rabbits were intentionally perforated (≥ 5 mm) on one side, followed by application of a collagen matrix. SFE was performed on both sinuses after 8 weeks of healing, presenting two groups: SFE with a previous large sinus membrane perforation (group SFE_Perf), and in an intact sinus (group SFE).

Genu Varum Correction with HA Filler Volumisation of the Medial Gastrocnemius.

Background: Genu varum, or bow-legged deformity, involves an outward curvature of the lower limbs, often creating a visible gap between the knees when the ankles are together. Traditionally treated with invasive surgical methods like high tibial osteotomy, genu varum correction now includes less invasive options for patients with mild to moderate deformities. This commentary explores a novel approach using hyaluronic acid (HA) filler to volumise the medial gastrocnemius muscle, thereby improving calf contour and stability without surgery.