Targeting class A GPCRs for hard tissue regeneration.

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in various pathogeneses and physiological regulations. Owing to their functional diversity, GPCRs are considered one of the primary pharmaceutical targets. However, drugs targeting GPCRs have not been developed yet to regenerate hard tissues such as teeth and bones.

Ultrasound-guided thread lifting for the prevention of parotid gland and diagnosing parotid duct complications.

Background: Thread lifting is a common minimally invasive plastic surgery procedure. Parotid gland injury caused by thread lifting is a known complication; however, visual evidence of this complication is lacking.

Objectives: This study aimed to present cases of parotid gland injury by thread lifting shown using ultrasound and to discuss the importance of ultrasound detection of the location of the parotid gland before thread insertion.

Automatic diagnosis of true proximity between the mandibular canal and the third molar on panoramic radiographs using deep learning.

Evaluating the mandibular canal proximity is crucial for planning mandibular third molar extractions. Panoramic radiography is commonly used for radiological examinations before third molar extraction but has limitations in assessing the true contact relationship between the third molars and the mandibular canal. Therefore, the true relationship between the mandibular canal and molars can be determined only through additional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging.

Targeting dysregulated lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment.

The reprogramming of lipid metabolism and its association with oncogenic signaling pathways within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have emerged as significant hallmarks of cancer. Lipid metabolism is defined as a complex set of molecular processes including lipid uptake, synthesis, transport, and degradation. The dysregulation of lipid metabolism is affected by enzymes and signaling molecules directly or indirectly involved in the lipid metabolic process.

A novel description of the supporting system of the orbicularis oculi muscle in the infraorbital area: Tear trough muscle fiber.

Background: The aim of this study was to elucidate the anatomical structures of supporting system of the infraorbital area.

Materials And Methods: Forty-four hemifaces from eleven Korean and eleven Thai cadavers were used to dissect the infraorbital area. Based on the dissection and previous histologic results, they were analyzed.

Modification of titanium orthopedic implants with bioactive glass: a systematic review of and studies.

Bioactive glasses (BGs) are ideal biomaterials in the field of bio-restoration due to their excellent biocompatibility. Titanium alloys are widely used as a bone graft substitute material because of their excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical properties; however, their biological inertness makes them prone to clinical failure. Surface modification of titanium alloys with bioactive glass can effectively combine the superior mechanical properties of the substrate with the biological properties of the coating material.

Inhibition of Dickkopf-1 enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib via inhibition of the PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Sorafenib improves the overall survival in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Dickkopf-1 (DKK1) is commonly overexpressed in HCC. In this study, we investigated whether the inhibition of DKK1 enhances the anti-tumor efficacy of sorafenib in HCC.

Observation on cadavers and through ultrasonography using a 2 mm needle length for intradermal injections.

Background: An intradermal injection is a medical procedure that involves administering a small amount of medication or substance into the dermal layer of the skin. This research focused on identifying the most suitable injection needle for precise intradermal administration of skin boosters.

Methods: The study involved conducting intradermal injections on four cadavers and participants using a 2 mm length, 34-gauge needle (N-Finders, Inc.

Thermophysical properties and bonding with composite resin of premixed mineral trioxide aggregate for use as base material.

Dental bases require low thermal conductivity and good mechanical properties, such as bonding with composite resins. This study aims to elucidate the physicochemical properties of premixed mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for its suitability as a dental base and to explore the optimal adhesive strategy with composite resin. The thermal conductivity and compressive strength of this premixed MTA are 0.

Validity of a Mobile Application to Diagnose Temporomandibular Disorders.

This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a mobile application by comparing its diagnoses to those of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine specialists and further imaging results (CBCT and MRI) in 500 patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD). The research focused on three diagnostic categories: the initial specialist diagnoses, the final diagnoses after imaging, and the mobile app's diagnoses. The concordance rates, sensitivities, specificities, and positive predictive values of the diagnoses were examined, with further imaging serving as the gold standard.

Occlusive membranes for guided regeneration of inflamed tissue defects.

Guided bone regeneration aided by the application of occlusive membranes is a promising therapy for diverse inflammatory periodontal diseases. Symbiosis, homeostasis between the host microbiome and cells, occurs in the oral environment under normal, but not pathologic, conditions. Here, we develop a symbiotically integrating occlusive membrane by mimicking the tooth enamel growth or multiple nucleation biomineralization processes.

Partial in vivo reprogramming enables injury-free intestinal regeneration via autonomous induction.

Tissue regeneration after injury involves the dedifferentiation of somatic cells, a natural adaptive reprogramming that leads to the emergence of injury-responsive cells with fetal-like characteristics. However, there is no direct evidence that adaptive reprogramming involves a shared molecular mechanism with direct cellular reprogramming. Here, we induced dedifferentiation of intestinal epithelial cells using OSKM (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) in vivo.

Prioritization of research engaged with rare disease stakeholders: a systematic review and thematic analysis.

Background: Although rare diseases (RD) are increasingly becoming a priority for healthcare activities and services around the world, developing research policy for investigating RD in public settings proves challenging due to the limited nature of existing evidence. Rare conditions require the involvement of a wide range of stakeholders in order to promote general awareness and garner political support. Consequently, it is critically important to identify trends in the various types of research focusing on rare disease stakeholders, including the specific topics or issues to be included in surveys and studies focused on RD stakeholders.

Dimensional accuracy, mechanical property, and optical stability of zirconia orthodontic bracket according to yttria proportions.

This in vitro study evaluated comprehensively the performances of zirconia brackets with varying yttria proportions in manufacturing advanced orthodontic brackets. Three experimental groups of zirconia brackets were fabricated using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) materials with different yttria proportions-3 mol% yttria (3Y-YSZ), 4 mol% yttria (4Y-YSZ), and 5 mol% yttria (5Y-YSZ) (Tosoh Ceramic, Japan). A polycrystalline alumina ceramic bracket (3M™ Clarity™ Advanced, MBT 0.

Developmental roles of glomerular epithelial protein-1 in mice molar morphogenesis.

Glomerular epithelial protein-1 (Glepp1), a R3 subtype family of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases, plays important role in the activation of Src family kinases and regulates cellular processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In this study, we firstly examined the functional evaluation of Glepp1 in tooth development and morphogenesis. The precise expression level and developmental function of Glepp1 were examined by RT-qPCR, in situ hybridization, and loss and gain of functional study using a range of in vitro organ cultivation methods.

Influence of hydrothermal aging on the shear bond strength of 3D printed denture-base resin to different relining materials.

Objectives: This study evaluated the repairability of three-dimensional printed (3DP) denture bases based on different conventional relining materials and aging.

Material And Methods: The groups for surface characterization (surface-roughness and contact-angle measurements) were divided based on the denture base and surface treatment. Shear bond strength test and failure-mode analysis were conducted by a combination of three variables: denture base, relining materials, and hydrothermal aging (HA).

Weakly supervised deep learning for diagnosis of multiple vertebral compression fractures in CT.

Objective: This study aims to develop a weakly supervised deep learning (DL) model for vertebral-level vertebral compression fracture (VCF) classification using image-level labelled data.

Methods: The training set included 815 patients with normal (n = 507, 62%) or VCFs (n = 308, 38%). Our proposed model was trained on image-level labelled data for vertebral-level classification.

Comparison of the accuracy of a cone beam computed tomography-based virtual mounting technique with that of the conventional mounting technique using a facebow.

Statement Of Problem: The introduction of digital technology in dentistry has resulted in a shift from conventional methods to digital techniques. However, mounting a digitized dental cast on a virtual articulator is challenging. Several techniques have been suggested to resolve this problem, but in the absence of a standardized method, digitized dental casts are often mounted arbitrarily on a virtual articulator.

Do repetitive botulinum neurotoxin injections induce muscle fibrosis? Sonographic observation of the masseter muscle.

Objective: In the esthetic field, the masseter muscle is commonly targeted by botulinum neurotoxin for facial contouring. However, multiple botulinum neurotoxin injections have been reported to cause muscle fibrosis. Ultrasonography can be useful for clinical consideration in such cases.

Case report: Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma in a dog: diagnostics and surgical outcome.

A 6 year-old spayed female Poodle presented with a mandibular mass. Radiographic examination revealed osteolysis from the right mandibular canine to the fourth premolar, along with horizontal bone loss and dorsal displacement of the right mandibular first and second premolars. Skull cone beam computed tomography revealed osteolysis at the level of the right mandibular canine and fourth premolar.