Long-term outcome of the vaginoscopic approach for infantile vaginal yolk sac tumors: A case report.

Introduction: Infantile vaginal yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare and aggressive form of pediatric cancer that often presents with bloody discharge. Despite advances in chemotherapy, managing post-chemotherapy AFP level rebounds remains a challenge. This case report describes a 7-month-old girl with vaginal YST whose AFP levels rose following 3 cycles of PEB chemotherapy.

A Rare Case of an Aggressive Mixed Germ Cell Tumor Following Testicular Torsion.

Testicular cancer is one of the leading malignancies affecting young men, with germ cell tumors (GCTs) being the most prevalent type. These tumors are classified into two main subtypes: seminomas and non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs), with the latter known for their higher likelihood of metastasis. Early detection through imaging and tumor markers like alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is crucial for favorable outcomes.

A rare case of huge intracranial yolk sac tumor presenting as an orbital mass in an infant: case report and literature review.

Primary intracranial yolk sac tumor (YST) with orbital involvement is an exceedingly rare extragonadal germ cell tumor, with only a limited number of cases reported in the literature. Clinically, primary intracranial yolk sac tumor with orbital involvement may present with symptoms that mimic more common benign or malignant orbital disorders in children, potentially leading to diagnostic delays that can adversely impact survival. Diagnostic imaging modalities, including computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are instrumental for assessing the tumor's size, precise localization, and extent.

[Primary uterine hepatoid adenocarcinoma: Clinicopathological analysis of 2 cases and literature review].

Primary hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) of the uterus is a particular tumour that bears high similarity to hepatocellular carcinoma histologically, and may easily be misdiagnosed because it is rare if you don' t remember it. In this report, we describe two cases of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing HAC of the uterus. Case 1 was a 69-year-old postmenopausal woman who was presented to the hospital for a medical examination.

Pediatric Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor Mimicking Appendicitis: A Case Report From a Low-Resource Setting.

Ovarian yolk sac tumors (OYSTs), also known as endodermal sinus tumors, are rare and highly malignant germ cell tumors, accounting for approximately 1% of all ovarian cancers. They predominantly affect children and young adults, with a rapid growth rate and early metastasis, making early diagnosis and treatment crucial. This report presents the case of a 6-year-old female from a low-resource setting who initially presented with symptoms suggestive of acute appendicitis, including abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting.

Transformation of a Testicular Teratoma to an Aggressive Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor.

We present a case of a 36-year-old male found to have a nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) with alpha-fetoprotein levels (AFP) of 737.9 ng/mL and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) of 692 IU/mL. Pathology analysis after left orchiectomy showed a mixed germ cell tumor with 20% embryonal carcinoma, 20% yolk sac tumor, and 60% teratoma.

[Clinicopathological significance of SOX2 and FOXG1 expression patterns in ovarian immature teratomas].

To investigate the relationship between the expression patterns of SOX2 and FOXG1 and the differentiation/development level of neural components in immature teratoma and to determine the clinical significance and potential application of this correlation in a clinical setting. We conducted a comprehensive whole transcriptome sequencing analysis to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across various subtypes of ovarian germ cell tumors. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded tissue sections was employed to assess the nuclear staining pattern of SOX2 and FOXG1 proteins within the tumor tissues.

Diagnostic features of pediatric testicular yolk sac tumors: a 13-year retrospective analysis.

Background: Testicular yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare neoplasm with limited practical guidance for preoperative diagnostic assessment. This study aims to conduct a retrospective analysis of the value of clinical profiles and MRI parameters in accurately diagnosing pediatric testicular YST while exploring characteristic indicators for these patients.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed eighty patients with a testicular mass who underwent surgical treatment and preoperative MRI.

Atypical Presentation of an Ovarian Yolk Sac Tumor in an 80-Year-Old Woman: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Ovarian yolk sac tumors after the menopause are very rare.

Case Presentation: We report an atypical case of yolk sac tumor in an octogenarian woman, who presented to the hospital with anasarca, ascites, toxic syndrome, and an abdominal mass. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were highly increased (246,720 ng/mL), and malignant cells with positive AFP immunohistochemical expression were detected in a diagnostic paracentesis.

Nomogram for predicting testicular yolk sac tumor in children based on age, alpha-fetoprotein, and ultrasonography.

Objective: To establish a predictive model for distinguishing testicular benign or yolk sac tumors in children.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data for 119 consecutive patients with unilateral testicular tumors treated at a single institution from June 2014 to July 2020. The patients were divided into the benign ( = 90) and yolk sac ( = 29) tumor groups based on the pathological diagnosis.