[Old and New Biologics and Small Molecules in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Anti Integrins].

Recently, novel biologics or small molecular drugs have been introduced for overcoming the unmet needs associated with anti-tumor necrosis factor α agents for inflammtory bowel disease (IBD) treatment. Among these novel drugs, anti integrin agents block leukocyte trafficking to the intestine by blocking the interaction between integrin and cell adhesion molecules. Vedolizumab (anti-α4β7) is most widely used anti-integrin approved in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease .

Topographic analysis of retinal and choroidal vascular displacements after macular hole surgery.

It has been reported that the retinal vessel and macular region of the retina are displaced after macular hole (MH) surgery. However, there is no detailed information for correlations between retinal and choroidal displacements. We obtained optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and en-face optical coherence tomography (OCT) images from 24 eyes to measure the retinal and choroidal vascular displacement before and after surgery.

Minimal Access vs Conventional Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.

Importance: While nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) for breast cancer was only performed using the open method in the past, its frequency using endoscopic and robotic surgical instruments has been increasing rapidly. However, there are limited studies regarding postoperative complications and the benefits and drawbacks of minimal access NSM (M-NSM) compared with conventional NSM (C-NSM).

Objective: To examine the differences in postoperative complications between C-NSM and M-NSM.

Effect of gout and diabetic kidney disease on renal cancer development in Korea.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and gout are risk factors for renal cancer. We analysed the effects of comorbid diabetic kidney disease and gout on renal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study enrolled 847 884 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who underwent health assessments provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service in 2009.

Myxoid lipoma in the perioral mandibular region: two case reports.

Lipomas are one of the most common mesenchymal tumors in the human body, exhibiting a heightened prevalence between the ages of 40 and 60 years. However, primary intraoral lipomas are rare. Myxoid lipoma, which is characterized by abundant mucoid components, is a particularly rare histological subtype of lipoma.

Using Deep Learning Techniques as an Attempt to Create the Most Cost-Effective Screening Tool for Cognitive Decline.

Objective: This study aimed to use deep learning (DL) to develop a cost-effective and accessible screening tool to improve the detection of cognitive decline, a precursor of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study integrating a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests adjusted for individual demographic variables such as age, sex, and education level.

Methods: A total of 2,863 subjects with subjective cognitive complaints who underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment were included.

Deep Learning Model Using Stool Pictures for Predicting Endoscopic Mucosal Inflammation in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis.

Introduction: Stool characteristics may change depending on the endoscopic activity of ulcerative colitis (UC). We developed a deep learning model using stool photographs of patients with UC (DLSUC) to predict endoscopic mucosal inflammation.

Methods: This was a prospective multicenter study conducted in 6 tertiary referral hospitals.

Association between mixed exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances and metabolic syndrome in Korean adults: Data from the Korean National environmental health survey cycle 4.

Aim: To explore the effect of mixed exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korean National Environmental Health Survey Cycle 4 (2018-2020). The serum concentrations of five PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctanesulfonic acid [PFOS], perfluorohexanesulfonic acid, perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA], and perfluorodecanoic acid [PFDeA]) were measured, and the relative potency factor approach was employed for the mixture of PFAS (Cmix) assessment.

Efficacy of transdermal buprenorphine patch for managing withdrawal symptoms in patients with cancer physically dependent on prescription opioids.

Background: The physical dependence on prescription opioids among cancer survivors remains an under-investigated area, with a scarcity of well-designed prospective studies.

Methods: This single-arm, phase-2 clinical trial in Korea assessed the efficacy and safety of a transdermal buprenorphine patch (TBP) in managing physical dependence on prescription opioids in cancer survivors, as confirmed through the DSM-5 criteria or psychiatric consultation for opioid withdrawal. This study involved a 4-phase treatment protocol of screening, induction/stabilization, discontinuation, and monitoring.

Lactate promotes fatty acid oxidation by the tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial respiration in muscles of obese mice.

Lower oxidative capacity in skeletal muscles (SKMs) is a prevailing cause of metabolic diseases. Exercise not only enhances the fatty acid oxidation (FAO) capacity of SKMs but also increases lactate levels. Given that lactate may contribute to tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) flux and impact monocarboxylate transporter 1 in the SKMs, we hypothesize that lactate can influence glucose and fatty acid (FA) metabolism.

Causative Activities and Prognostic Factors of Open-Globe Injury: A Registry-Based City-Wide Multicentre Study.

Purpose: Traumatic globe injury is classified into closed-globe and open-globe injury (OGI); OGI leads to a worse prognosis. We aimed to identify causative activities and prognostic factors of OGI in a metropolitan city in South Korea.

Methods: This retrospective observational study used a prospective eye-injury registry conducted in Daegu, South Korea, between 1 August 2016 and 31 July 2021.

The Complexity of Borderline Personality Disorder: Network Analysis of Personality Factors and Defense Styles in the Context of Borderline Personality Organization.

Objective: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is known to share characteristics with a variety of personality disorders (PDs) and exhibits diverse patterns of defense mechanisms. To enhance our understanding of BPD, it's crucial to shift our focus from traditional categorical diagnostics to the dimensional traits shared with other PDs, as the borderline personality organization (BPO) model suggests. This approach illuminates the nuanced spectrum of BPD characteristics, offering deeper insights into its complexity.

Biosimilar Candidate CT-P42 in Diabetic Macular Edema: 24-Week Results from a Randomized, Active-Controlled, Phase III Study.

Objective: To demonstrate the therapeutic similarity of CT-P42 compared with reference aflibercept (Eylea) in adult patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

Design: Randomized, active-controlled, double-masked, phase III clinical trial PARTICIPANTS: Patients with a diagnosis of either type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus with DME involving the center of the macula.

Methods: Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either CT-P42 or reference aflibercept (2 mg/0.

Short-Term Real-World Outcomes of Intensive Aflibercept Injection for Refractory Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

The aim of this study is to report short-term outcomes after the shortening of the treatment interval to 4 weeks with a treat-and-extend (TAE) regimen (Si4w) of aflibercept in patients with refractory neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). This retrospective study included 34 patients given aflibercept with a TAE regimen of a minimum of a 4-week interval when they had a limited response to bimonthly aflibercept. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT) were compared before and after Si4w.

A Two-Year Observational Study to Evaluate Conversion Rates from High- and Low-Risk Patients with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment to Probable Alzheimer's Disease in a Real-World Setting.

Background: Predicting conversion to probable Alzheimer&s disease (AD) from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is difficult but important. A nomogram was developed previously for determining the risk of 3-year probable AD conversion in aMCI.

Objective: To compare the probable AD conversion rates with cognitive and neurodegenerative changes for 2 years from high- and low risk aMCI groups classified using the nomogram.

Treatment of chronic mini-thoracotomy wound pain and lung herniation with intercostal cryoablation and surgical mesh repair: a case report.

Background: The incidence of minimally invasive heart surgery via mini-thoracotomy (MT; right anterior thoracotomy) is on the rise, accompanied by an increase in post-MT intercostal nerve neuralgia and the risk of lung herniation through the incision site. While various methods have been proposed to address these issues, none have been commonly effective. In this case report, we attempted to simultaneously address these problems by performing intercostal cryoablation (IC) and mesh repair.

The comparison of postoperative changes in subjective awareness of exodeviation between pediatric and adult patients with intermittent exotropia.

To evaluate pre- and postoperative changes in the subjective awareness of exodeviation in patients with intermittent exotropia and compare pediatric and adult patients. This retrospective study included pediatric (6-17 years) and adult patients (≥18 years) with intermittent exotropia who underwent surgery. Patients with subjective awareness of exodeviation associated with exotropia were included.

Association between Cognitive Abilities before the Age of 3 Years and Those at Least 1 Year Later in Children with Developmental Delay.

Objective: This study investigated whether early cognitive assessment in children with developmental delay (DD) predicts cognitive development. We investigated the correlation between cognitive and language development in children with DD, cerebral palsy (CP), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Methods: Data were collected from children diagnosed with DD who visited the hospital between 2015 and 2023.