9,130 results match your criteria: "Yellow Fever"

Brain abscess (BA) formation that may be due to due to Gram-positive bacteria commonly and less commonly due Gram-negative bacteria affects pediatric population. Most cases are secondary to the involvement of ear, nose, throat and sinuses (ENTS). We describe a rare case of a 14 year old patient presenting with generalized tonic clonic seizures for the last six months associated with fever, vomiting and headache.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Engineering of insect juvenile hormone III biosynthesis in the plant Nicotiana benthamiana.

Metab Eng

December 2024

Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany. Electronic address:

Juvenile hormones (JHs) are farnesoic acid-derived sesquiterpenoids that play a crucial role in regulating various developmental processes in insects. Based on these reported biological activities, JHs and their synthetic analogs have been utilized as insecticides with significant commercial success over the past years. Here we describe the engineering of the JH pathway of the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) by transient gene expression in the plant Nicotiana benthamiana.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: To analyze vaccination coverage up to 24 months of age according to race/ skin color in the 2017-2018 live birth cohort in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

Methods: Population-based survey conducted in 2020 and 2021. Vaccination coverage up to 24 months of age was estimated according to administered, valid and timely doses.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objective: to present a comprehensive analysis of YF occurrence of in the state of São Paulo since its reemergence, and the ongoing process of structuring the surveillance of epizootics in non-human primates in a one health approach.

Methods: descriptive study of human cases and epizootics in non-human primates, structuring actions and the one health approach used in the state of São Paulo for yellow fever surveillance from 2000 to 2023.

Results: from 2000 to 2023, 679 human cases and 857 epizootics in NHPs confirmed for yellow fever were recorded.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Molecular epidemiology has shown the presence of four genotypes circulating across Africa, a paucity of data exists regarding phylogeography of the African Yellow fever (YF) genotypes. The need to fill this gap with spatiotemporal data from continuous YF outbreaks in Africa conceptualized this study; which aims to investigate the most recent transmission events and directional spread of yellow fever virus (YFV) using updated genomic sequence data.

Methods: Yellow fever sequence data was utilized along with epidemiologic data from outbreaks in Africa, to analyze the case/fatality distribution and genetic diversity.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Live-attenuated vaccines provide robust immunity against diseases like tuberculosis, measles, mumps, rubella, polio, yellow fever, dengue, typhoid fever, and varicella, with just one or a few doses. However, concerns arise regarding potential pathogen reversion to virulence, which is particularly risky for immunocompromised individuals, contraindicating their administration in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients under modified disease treatments due to the possibility of triggering infections, or stimulating the immune system, precipitating new exacerbations. On the contrary, these vaccines offer enduring immunity that is crucial for protecting MS patients from endemic infectious diseases, leading to severe complications if contracted.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mosquito-borne viruses represent a large global health burden. With geographic expansion of competent vectors for chikungunya virus (CHIKV), dengue virus (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) in Europe, it is anticipated that the number of autochthonous cases of these tropical viruses in Europe will increase. Therefore, regular assessment of diagnostic capabilities in Europe is important.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated peritonitis remains a serious and life-threatening complication in patients undergoing PD. Majority of peritonitis cases are caused by bacteria, with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus being the most common cause. Tsukamurella species are obligate aerobic gram-positive bacilli found in various environments; however, peritonitis caused by Tsukamurella species in association with PD is rare, with few reports of infections caused by T.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Aedes aegypti spread pathogens affecting humans, including dengue, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. Anthropogenic climate change is altering the spatial distribution of Ae aegypti and therefore the locations at risk of vector-borne disease. In addition to climate change, natural climate variability, resulting from internal atmospheric processes and interactions between climate system components (eg, atmosphere-land and atmosphere-ocean interactions), determines climate outcomes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Advancing vaccine research in Africa: A comprehensive analysis of vaccine clinical trials landscape.

Contemp Clin Trials

December 2024

Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa. Electronic address:

This study presents an in-depth analysis of vaccine clinical trials in Africa, emphasising the significance of local investments to address the continent's healthcare requirements. The research scrutinises vaccine trials across various African nations, focusing on trial distribution, phases, funding sources, recruitment sites, recruitment statuses, and age group participation. The findings suggest substantial trial activity in countries like Kenya, Ghana, and Gambia, whereas nations like the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tunisia exhibit minimal representation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Detection of neutralizing antibodies against arboviruses from liver homogenates.

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

December 2024

Laboratório de Vírus, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

Yellow fever virus (YFV) circulates in a sylvatic cycle between non-human primates (NHPs) and arboreal mosquitoes in Brazil. Passive monitoring of ill or deceased NHPs is a key component of the Brazilian yellow fever (YF) surveillance program. Samples from NHPs carcasses are usually suitable for molecular tests but not for serological assays.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti L., known for transmitting viruses causing yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and Zika fever, presents a substantial risk to global human health. The development of insecticide resistance in disease vectors has become a significant problem in Ae.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Yellow Fever: Global Impact, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Integrated Prevention Approaches.

Infez Med

December 2024

Department of Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India.

Article Synopsis
  • * The article reviews the historical spread, transmission, and various determinants (epidemiological, social, and climatic) affecting yellow fever outbreaks over time.
  • * Despite the widespread distribution of yellow fever vectors, outbreaks are largely confined to endemic areas, influenced by complex interactions between the virus, host, and vector immune responses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Arboviruses are viruses transmitted primarily by mosquitoes, causing major diseases like dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever, with public health strategies focusing on community behavior changes to reduce mosquito breeding.
  • The study aims to evaluate KAP (Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) questionnaires related to these arboviral infections to better understand community awareness and prevention strategies.
  • A scoping review will be conducted by analyzing various scientific databases, assessing the KAP questionnaires' content and methodologies, with results presented clearly through tables and figures, while knowledge will be shared via conferences and publications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - Flaviviruses are a group of viruses that cause serious diseases in humans, including dengue and Zika, and rely on a protein called NS1 for replication and disease severity.
  • - NS1 is secreted from infected cells and contributes to endothelial dysfunction, which affects blood vessel permeability and may facilitate the spread of the virus in the body.
  • - Research demonstrates that NS1 aids in the virus's ability to cross endothelial barriers and boosts the infectivity of specific target cells, indicating its crucial role in virus dissemination and its impact on disease progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The clinical characteristics of neonatal sepsis (NS) are subtle and non-specific, posing a serious threat to the lives of newborn infants. Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is sepsis that occurs within 72 hours after birth, with a high mortality rate. Identifying key factors of NS and conducting early diagnosis are of great practical significance.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has faced emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola, Mpox and Yellow fever, and antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern. To address these issues, in 2011 the country embarked on implementing the One Health (OH) approach at the national and provincial levels. This study investigates OH institutionalization and implementation in the DRC, describes the process of OH decentralization, and identifies the opportunities and challenges of sustaining these efforts.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Objectives: Yellow fever (YF) remains a public health threat in Sub-Saharan Africa and South America, with an estimated 200,000 cases and 30,000 deaths annually. Although the World Health Organization considers Tanzania to be at low risk for YF because no YF cases have been reported, the country remains at alert to importation of the virus due to ecological factors and high connectivity to high-risk YF areas in other countries. This study aimed to identify points of interest with connectivity to high-risk YF areas to guide preparedness efforts in Tanzania.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effects of temperature and humidity on the survival and hatching response of diapausing and non-diapausing Aedes aegypti eggs.

J Insect Physiol

December 2024

Instituto de Limnología "Dr. Raúl A. Ringuelet", Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CONICET, CCT La Plata, Boulevard 120 y 62 N° 1437, La Plata (B 1900), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Article Synopsis
  • Insects like Aedes aegypti can enter diapause, a survival strategy triggered by shorter daylight, allowing them to withstand harsh winter conditions, especially in temperate regions.* -
  • This study focused on comparing the survival of diapausing (D) and non-diapausing (ND) mosquito eggs from two areas in Argentina—Buenos Aires and San Bernardo—under different temperature and humidity conditions.* -
  • Results revealed that D eggs had higher survival rates at low humidity and showed better tolerance to cold, particularly in harsher climates, while ND eggs varied in their tolerances based on location.*
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Introduction: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) often develops in residual lesions of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Every year, 112,000 to 160,000 people worldwide will develop post-PTB CPA. The simultaneous occurrence of CPA with the first episode of PTB is rare.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Aedes mosquitoes spread serious diseases like dengue and zika, leading to a need for eco-friendly solutions due to insecticide resistance and few effective vaccines.
  • This study explored the interaction between the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and Aedes albopictus, finding that the fungal infection boosts the mosquitoes' immune response and activates specific immune genes that help fight off the fungus.
  • Researchers discovered a microRNA called miR339-5p that regulates immune genes; using a synthetic version of this microRNA increased the fungus's effectiveness in killing mosquitoes, indicating a potential for genetic modifications to improve mosquito control methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Aedes mosquitoes pose a significant global threat as vectors for several debilitating arboviruses, including dengue, Zika, yellow fever, and chikungunya. Their unique breeding habits, behavior, and daytime activity complicate control efforts, prompting the search for innovative solutions. The sterile insect technique (SIT) and incompatible insect technique (IIT) are promising new techniques under investigation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF