Survival Status and Predictors of Mortality Among Children Admitted With Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia at Cancer Treatment Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Acute lymphocytic leukemia is a cancer affecting the blood and bone marrow and is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among children. In Ethiopia, it represents the predominant form of childhood leukemia, comprising approximately 80% of cases and serving as a leading cause of childhood cancer-related deaths. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the survival status and factors that may predict mortality in children admitted with acute lymphocytic leukemia at cancer treatment hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Accuracy of focused cardiac ultrasound interpretation among emergency and critical care medicine residents in Ethiopia: A multi-center cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Focused cardiac ultrasound (FoCUS) has emerged as a valuable tool in emergency and critical care medicine, allowing for rapid assessment of cardiac function and structure at the bedside. This rapid diagnostic technique holds particular promise in resource-limited settings like Ethiopia, where access to standard echocardiography may be limited and delayed. However, the accuracy of FoCUS interpretation is highly dependent on the operator's skills and expertise.

Predictors of time to recovery from uncomplicated severe acute malnutrition among children in eastern Ethiopia.

Background: Managing severe acute malnutrition (SAM) involves an outpatient therapeutic program (OTP), targeting more than 80% of SAM children where the quality of primary healthcare remains poor. Treatment success and recovery from SAM remain poor and could be affected by many factors, where such evidence is limited in East Hararghe. This study assessed the predictors of time to recovery from SAM in eastern Ethiopia.

Survival status and predictors of mortality among cervical cancer patients at oncologic centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a follow up study.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks as the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. In Addis Ababa, there is a shortage of available evidence concerning the phenomenon of survival time and its predictors among women diagnosed with CC. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the survival status and predictors of mortality among CC patients at oncologic centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Native and prosthetic valve infective endocarditis complicated by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and its diagnostic challenges and therapeutic implications.

Key Clinical Message: Concomitant native and prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (IE) is very rare, and both can rarely be complicated by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN). This diagnosis has therapeutic implications, as not all RPGN need immunosuppression therapy.

Abstract: Native and prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (IE) may be rarely complicated by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN).

Risky sexual behavior and associated factors among out-of-school youths in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; mixed methods study.

Introduction: Sexual risky behaviors, as defined by the World Health Organization, encompass a spectrum of sexual activities that heighten the likelihood of negative outcomes related to sexual and reproductive health. Despite the implementation of various healthcare programs and interventions, youths continue to encounter challenges in accessing reproductive health services. Consequently, they remain vulnerable to engaging in high-risk sexual behaviors; 50.

Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with acute heart failure in central Ethiopia: a retrospective observational study.

Background: Acute heart failure is the rapid onset of new or worsening symptoms and signs of heart failure. Despite the increasing burden of heart failure in developing countries like Ethiopia, there is a paucity of comprehensive data regarding the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of acute heart failure, especially in the selected study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with acute heart failure at Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Diagnostic accuracy, feasibility and acceptability of stool-based testing for childhood tuberculosis.

Background: Childhood tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis remains challenging, partly because children cannot provide sputum. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Simple One-Step (SOS) stool method with Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert-Ultra) for childhood TB compared to culture and Xpert-Ultra on a respiratory sample (RS) and clinical diagnosis. It also assessed the feasibility and acceptability of stool testing according to laboratory staff, and caregivers' sample preference.

Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury in Non-Critical Medical Patients in a Developing Country Tertiary Hospital: Incidence and Predictors.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent complication in critical patients, leading to a worse prognosis. Although its consequences are worse among critical patients, AKI is also associated with less favorable outcomes in non-critical patients. Therefore, understanding the magnitude of the problem in these patients is crucial, yet there is a scarcity of evidence in non-critical settings, especially in resource limited countries.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in an adult male patient: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Headache is a frequent symptom in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (pseudotumor cerebri) has been reported among patients who underwent lumbar puncture for persistent headaches.

Case Presentation: A 45-year-old black man presented with dyspnea, cough, fever and headache for 05 days followed by blurring of vision associated with worsening of the headache. Physical examination was significant for tachypnea and oxygen desaturation and there were no abnormal neurologic findings.

Advancing laparoscopy in resource-limited settings.

Although laparoscopic surgery has made remarkable progress and become the standard approach for various surgical procedures worldwide over the past 30 years, its establishment in low-resource settings, particularly in public hospitals, has been challenging. The lack of equipment and trained expertise has hindered its widespread adoption in these settings. Cholecystectomy is one of the most commonly performed procedures using laparoscopy world wide AIM: The aim of the study is to determine whether laparoscopic cholecystectomy is feasible in a resource challenged setting METHODS: The research focused on individuals who underwent laparoscopic or open cholecystectomies at Yekatit 12 Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, over a one-year period.

Validation study of the Amharic version Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ) in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In Ethiopia, there is a growing concern about improving patients' safety in healthcare facilities. However, the lack of a valid and reliable instrument sensitive to the Ethiopian culture for measuring health professional practice environment leads to difficulty in constructing evaluations of safety climate and further linking organizational research to outcomes research. This research study examined the psychometric properties of the Safety Attitude Questionnaire (SAQ) in the Amharic language within an Ethiopian healthcare context.

The impact of raising a child with a developmental or physical health condition in Ethiopia.

Objective: Raising a child with a developmental disability or physical health condition can have a major impact on the lives of their families, especially in low-income countries. We explored the impact on such families in Ethiopia.

Study Design: A total of 241 child-caregiver dyads were recruited from two public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Assessment of Quality of Diabetic Care in Teaching Hospitals in Ethiopia: In Comparison to International Guidelines.

Background: Comprehensive high quality of care is critical in preventing diabetic complications and improving quality of life. This needs compliance with guidelines and focused therapy. There is no data in Ethiopia evaluating the quality of diabetes care using standard guidelines (American diabetic association and international diabetic federation) as a reference.

Maternal and perinatal outcomes of oligohydramnios in late term and post term pregnancies at public hospitals in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence of oligohydramnios ranges from 12 to 14% after 41 weeks to as high as 30% in post term pregnancies. Oligohydramnios poses a dilemma in the choice of mode of labor and delivery in a setup where there is lack of continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labor. The condition also puts the mother at risks of operative interventions and cesarean delivery.

Crossed fused renal ectopia diagnosed in an adult: Case report.

Introduction And Importance: Crossed fused renal ectopia is one of the rare congenital anomalies in which a kidney is found on the side opposite to its normal anatomical location and is fused with the contralateral kidney. Most patients are asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally.

Case Presentation: In this case report we present a 60 year old woman diagnosed with a left to right crossed fused renal ectopia with fusion of the left kidney to the inferior pole of the right kidney.

Recurrent deep vein thrombosis in a young patient of African descent: challenging the prevailing stance on the significance of MTHFR C677T mutation.

Background: Although numerous gene variations, such as those in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, have been implicated in an increased risk of venous thrombosis, current recommendations do not advocate genetic testing if there is no clinically meaningful association with thrombosis.

Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male patient presented with left lower limb swelling of two days with prior history of deep vein thrombosis and superficial thrombophlebitis. His left lower limb was grossly swollen.

Assessment of willingness and determinants to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among the general population of the Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia: a 2021 cross-sectional study.

Objective: This research aimed to assess COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and the factors influencing it among the population of the Somali region in Ethiopia through a cross-sectional COVID-19 survey.

Design: Community-based cross-sectional study.

Setting: The survey was conducted in eight selected districts of the Somali region in Ethiopia from 20 October 2021 to 30 October 2021.

The Prevalence and Determinants of Inappropriate Oral Anticoagulant Use in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation, in Resource-Limited Setting.

Introduction: Anticoagulation treatment is routinely underused in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), particularly in settings with limited resources. The current study is aimed at evaluating the appropriateness of oral anticoagulation treatment among AF patients at the Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College (Y12HMC), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods: Institutional-based retrospective cross-sectional study conducted in Y12HMC from November 2019 to March 2020.

Case Report on Rare Presentation of Sigmoid Volvulus with Perforated Appendicitis from Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Sigmoid volvulus is one of the causes of large-bowel obstruction that is usually common in males, and the management outcome depends on the patient's clinical condition upon presentation. Open or laparoscopic surgery is the mainstay of management for sigmoid volvulus, except for some conditions where conservative management is given priority, eg, patients unfit for surgery. Rectal deflation is one of the options for conservative management for simple sigmoid volvulus for patients visiting the emergency outpatient department to optimize the patient for semi-elective or elective procedures as management for patients unfit for surgery.

Pulmonary thromboembolism as a rare complication of malaria: A case report.

Key Clinical Message: Low threshold is required to suspect complications of malaria. Pulmonary thromboembolism, though rare, should be considered as its complication in the presence of unexplained and sudden onset shortness of breath.

Abstract: The hypercoagulable complications of malaria typically manifest in the microvasculature.

Framework for maternal morbidity and mortality interventions in Ethiopia: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Maternal morbidity and mortality remain critical public health challenges in Ethiopia with limited evidence on the effectiveness of interventions and health promotion strategies. A scoping review of the existing literature on maternal morbidity and mortality interventions and health promotion in Ethiopia can provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence, identify research gaps and establish a framework for successful maternal morbidity and mortality interventions.

Objective: The systematic review seeks to assess the existing literature on maternal morbidity and mortality interventions in Ethiopia to develop an evidence-based framework for effective interventions.