Nanocodelivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Curcumin by RGD-Decorated Nanoliposomes Achieves Synergistic Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer.

In the present study, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid peptide (RGD) surface functionalized liposomes (Lips) were formulated for the concomitant targeted delivery of two antineoplastic drugs, namely curcumin (Cur) and 5-fluorouracil (5FU) to breast cancer cells. The Lips' measured size values where 50-100 nm by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and 169 ± 10.2 nm by dynamic light scattering (DLS), which fall within the desired range required for drug delivery purposes.

The Role of Osteocalcin in Patients with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review.

Background: Osteoporosis is the most common systemic skeletal disease worldwide. We aimed to review the latest studies related to osteocalcin and osteoporosis to clarify this relationship more precisely.

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to review studies on the effects of osteocalcin on osteoporosis, on studied published between January 2013 and January 2023.

Incidence rate and geographic distribution of congenital hypothyroidism in the southwest of Iran (Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad province) based on geographic information system since 2011-2020.

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most prevalent preventable cause of mental retardation and intellectual disability in newborns. Genetic and environmental factors have been related to congenital hypothyroidism. Hence, this study was conducted to illustrate the incidence and spatial distribution of the CH using the dataset from the national newborn CH screening information system during 2011-2020in counties affiliated to the Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad University of Medical Sciences.

The effects of ketogenic diet on metabolic and hormonal parameters in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

Purpose: In recent years, using the ketogenic diet (KD) as a potential intervention for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has gained attention. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the effects of KD on sexual hormones, glycemic and lipid parameters in women diagnosed with PCOS.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed using online databases such as Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (ISI), Embase, and the Cochrane Library and clinical trials were selected based on the inclusion criteria.

Overview on Immunopathology of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Tumor-Associated Antigens with Therapeutic Applications.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease with a variable clinical course. The induction of a generalized state of immuno-suppression, leading to susceptibility to infections and the failure of anti-tumor immune responses, is a key feature of the clinical course of CLL. In addition to B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in CLL, several receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been reported to be constitutively active in leukemic B cells, resulting in promoted survival and resistance to apoptosis induced by chemotherapy.

Probable Molecular Targeting of Inhibitory Effect of Carvacrol-Loaded Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles on Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells.

Objective: To entrap carvacrol (CAR) in bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSANPs) to form CAR-loaded BSANPs (CAR@BSANPs) and to explore the anti-cancer effects in breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7 cells) treated with CAR and CAR@BSANPs.

Methods: A desolvation method was used to synthesize BSANPs and CAR@BSANPs. The BSANPs and CAR@BSANPs were characterized by several physicochemical methods, including visual observation, high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high-performance liquid chromatography.

The relationship between the recurrence rate of genital warts and administration of quadrivalent human papilloma virus vaccine in women.

In this cohort study a total of 203 women with genital warts, who were referred to gynecology clinic of Shahid Muftah in Yasuj city between 2019 and 2022, were examined and treated by a gynecologist and trained for injection of three doses of Gardasil vaccine after treatment. Of these, 138 women completed the study. Half of them who received three doses of the Gardasil vaccine, aligned in vaccinated group and the other half served as the unvaccinated group.

Dual roles of extracellular vesicles in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: implications for disease progression and theranostic strategies.

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is a heterogeneous blood cancer characterized by the uncontrolled growth of immature lymphoid cells due to dysregulated signaling pathways. It is the most common pediatric cancer, with high cure rates in children, but significantly lower survival rates in adults. Current theranostic strategies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and nanomedicine, aim to improve detection and treatment precision but are limited by side effects, drug resistance, high costs, and stability issues.

Non-coding RNA biosensors for early detection of brain cancer.

Brain cancer remains a formidable challenge with limited treatment options. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their dysregulation in tumorigenesis. This review explores the potential of biosensors for early detection of brain cancer by targeting ncRNAs.

Comparison of Internal and Marginal Adaptation of Endocrowns at Different Depths Fabricated by the Digital and Conventional Impression Techniques: Internal and Marginal Fit of Endocrowns.

Sufficient information is not available regarding the comparative accuracy of digital and conventional impression techniques at different depths for the fabrication of endocrown restorations. Thus, this study aimed to compare the marginal (M) and internal (I) adaptation of endocrowns at different depths fabricated by the digital and conventional impression techniques. In this in vitro study, two endodontically treated molar teeth with 2- and 4-mm cavity depths were used for the fabrication of endocrowns.

Magnetoresponsive liposomes applications in nanomedicine: A comprehensive review.

Safe and effective cancer therapy requires a suitable nanocarrier that can target particular sites, such as cancer cells, in a selective manner. With the tremendous growth in nanotechnology, liposomes, among various competing nanocarriers, have shown promising advances in cancer therapy. Magnetic nanoparticles and metal ions are wide-reaching candidates for conferring magnetic properties and for incorporation into liposomes.

L-arginine impact on inflammatory and cardiac markers in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Numerous studies have explored the effects of L-arginine, whether administered in the form of a supplement or through infusion during cardioplegia, on cardiac and inflammatory markers in individuals undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). However, these studies presented contradictory findings. Consequently, the objective of this study was to investigate the impact of l-arginine on these markers by analyzing available randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Nanoencapsulation of limonene in octenyl succinic anhydride-modified starch (OSA-ST) and maltodextrin: Investigation and comparison of physicochemical properties, efficiency and morphology of nanoparticles.

In recent years, the application of nanoencapsulation has attracted enormous attention for various food and pharmaceutical purposes. In this study, a functional powder containing limonene (the nutraceutical at concentration of 5 and 10 %) was prepared using octenyl succinic anhydride-modified starch (OSA-ST) and maltodextrin as carriers at 15 and 30 %. The emulsions were sonicated at a frequency of 30 kHz and a power of 100 W for 9 and 18 min, and the final nanoparticles were prepared through freeze-drying.

Menthol as an effective inhibitor of quorum sensing and biofilm formation in Candida albicans and Candida glabrata by targeting the transcriptional repressor TUP1.

Background: Menthol, a natural quorum sensing molecule, is derived from the Mentha species. Combating pathogenicity by inactivating quorum sensing is an emerging approach. Therefore, our objective was to investigate anti-quorum sensing and anti-biofilm potentials of menthol in Candida albicans and Candida glabrata.

Study of pollution status in urban environment caused by attitude and waste littering behavior of citizens.

Littering behavior is one of the main challenges in waste management, especially in big cities. In this study, density and composition of litter in Tehran was investigated and the urban pollution status was calculated by using the clean environment index. The results showed that the average density of litter in the studied locations was 0.

Spatial Epidemiology and Temporal Trend of Brucellosis in Iran Using Geographic Information System (GIS) and Join Point Regression Analysis: An Ecological 10-Year Study.

Background: Brucellosis is one of the common diseases between humans and animals. We aimed to assess the annual incidence rate, the geographical distribution of Malta fever using GIS and its time trend.

Methods: This was an ecology study carried out in exploratory mixed design.

D-galactose Induces Senescence in Adult Mouse Neural Stem Cells by Imbalanced Oxidant and Antioxidant Activity and Differential Expression of Specific Hub Genes.

Cellular senescence is a permanent state of cell cycle arrest that occurs in proliferating cells under various stresses causing age-related disorders. This study investigated the role of D-galactose in inducing premature senescence of neural stem cells (NSCs) and the genes involved in this process. After NSC isolation and proliferation, senescence was induced with 10, 20, or 30 µM concentrations of D-galactose for 24 h.

Electrochemical biosensors in early detection of Parkinson disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor system, with symptoms including tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Affecting over six million people globally, PD's pathophysiology is marked by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Early diagnosis is crucial for effective management, yet current methods are limited by low sensitivity, high cost, and the need for advanced equipment.

Electrochemical and optical biosensors for the detection of E. Coli.

E. coli is a common pathogenic microorganism responsible for numerous food and waterborne illnesses. Traditional detection methods often require long, multi-step processes and specialized equipment.

Regulation of autophagy by non-coding RNAs in human glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma, a lethal form of brain cancer, poses substantial challenges in treatment due to its aggressive nature and resistance to standard therapies like radiation and chemotherapy. Autophagy has a crucial role in glioblastoma progression by supporting cellular homeostasis and promoting survival under stressful conditions. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play diverse biological roles including, gene regulation, chromatin remodeling, and the maintenance of cellular homeostasis.

Antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-giardia properties of the essential oil, hydroalcoholic extract, and green synthesis of the silver nanoparticles of Salvia mirzayanii plant.

In this study, an environmentally-friendly, simple, and low-cost approach was developed for the production of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) accelerated by Salvia mirzayanii plant. The identification process involved ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The UV-Vis spectrum exhibited a peak at 450 nm which is a characteristic surface plasmon resonance of Ag NPs.