Heavy Metal Ions(II) Sorption by a Cellulose-Based Sorbent Containing Sulfogroups.

This article concerns the effect of the chemical modification of short flax fiber on its sorption properties for heavy metal ions. The main purpose of the modification was to achieve the oxidation of flax cellulose with sodium metaperiodate to form dialdehyde cellulose. Additionally, the research shows the subsequent interaction of dialdehyde cellulose with 1-amino-8-hydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonic acid and its transformation into a derivative capable of forming chelate complexes with heavy metal ions.

The Role of Trace Elements and Minerals in Osteoporosis: A Review of Epidemiological and Laboratory Findings.

The objective of the present study was to review recent epidemiological and clinical data on the association between selected minerals and trace elements and osteoporosis, as well as to discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying these associations. We have performed a search in the PubMed-Medline and Google Scholar databases using the MeSH terms "osteoporosis", "osteogenesis", "osteoblast", "osteoclast", and "osteocyte" in association with the names of particular trace elements and minerals through 21 March 2023. The data demonstrate that physiological and nutritional levels of trace elements and minerals promote osteogenic differentiation through the up-regulation of BMP-2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, as well as other pathways.

Curing of Poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) Terpolymers in the Presence of Amino Compounds of Different Structures.

The process of curing the acrylic oligomers for rapid thermal curing coatings in the presence of hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine (HMMM), tetra(butoxymethyl)glycoluril (TBMG), and tetra(methoxymethyl)glycoluril (TMMG) has been studied. When HMMM is used as a hardener, the content of hydroxyl groups in the terpolymer and also the crosslinking agent concentration have little effect on the initial cure rate. It has been established that during the curing of the TMMG composition, the amount of the network polymer and the initial curing rate decrease at short curing times only.

Synthesis and Study of Properties of Waterborne Polyurethanes Based on β-Cyclodextrin Partial Nitrate as Potential Systems for Delivery of Bioactive Compounds.

Eco-friendly waterborne polyurethanes (WPU) find wide application in agriculture as pesticide carriers, which enhances their efficiency. To provide better control of the retention time and capacity of pesticides, WPU can be modified by cyclodextrin derivatives able to form supramolecular assemblies with bioactive substances. Synthesis of WPU containing up to 15 wt.

Tailoring the charge transport characteristics in ordered small-molecule organic semiconductors by side-chain engineering and fluorine substitution.

Crystalline and liquid-crystalline conjugated small molecules represent a promising family of semiconductor materials for organic electronics applications. The control of the morphology and optoelectronic properties of small molecules allows tuning their charge transport characteristics and hence, improving the performance of electronic devices. Here, we designed four pentamers based on alternating thiophene and benzothiadiazole moieties and investigated the effect of their structure on the optoelectronic properties, ordering and charge transport characteristics.

Core/Shell Pigments with Polyaniline Shell: Optical and Physical-Technical Properties.

Core/shell pigments allow for the combination of the active anti-corrosion effect of the shell and the barrier effect of the core. This makes it possible to obtain anti-corrosion pigments, with a high-protective effect and low toxicity. Thus, the need for a comprehensive study of the properties of these pigments grows more urgent, before their application to paints and varnishes.

Entropic Balance Conditions and Optimization of Distillation Column System.

The paper considers the limitation problem of the distillation column systems separating multicomponent mixtures with serial and parallel structures. The solution takes into account the irreversibility of processes. Using entropic balance conditions, the dependence of load on heat consumption is obtained for a binary distillation column.

Kinetic model of polyunsaturated fatty acids oxidation in micelles.

A kinetic model of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) radical chain oxidation in micelles is presented, taking into account the diffusion of active intermediates between aqueous and organic phases, and its effect on the detailed mechanism of the process. The model made it possible to indirectly involve the structural changes of micelles and their kinetic characteristics by varying the actual values of the reactions rate constants. The modeling results are in good agreement with experimental data for the oxidation of methyl linoleate and linoleic acid.

1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-ylbenzenesulfonamides as privileged structures for the inhibition of monoamine oxidase B.

The present study investigates the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition properties of a series of ten 5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylbenzenesulfonamides. The target compounds were synthesized by dehydration of the corresponding N,N'-diacylhydrazines with phosphorus oxychloride to yield the 1,3,4-oxadiazole cycle with concomitant transformation of the sulfonamide to the sulfonyl chloride group. Treatment with aqueous ammonia in acetonitrile regenerated the target sulfonamides.

Gelation in solutions of low deacetylated chitosan initiated by high shear stresses.

A new process of mechanically initiated formation of chitosan physical hydrogels in aqueous solution, without a cross-linking agent, was studied. Physical hydrogel is formed by mechanical activation of solutions of chitosan with a low deacetylation degree (58%) in situ in a rotor-stator device for 10 s. The formation of 3D gel structure has been proven by rotational viscometry and dynamic rheometry methods.

Optimization of pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione and indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase.

In recent studies, we have investigated the monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition properties of pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione and indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives. Since numerous high potency MAO inhibitors are present among these chemical classes, the present study synthesizes 44 additional derivatives in an attempt to further derive structure-activity relationships (SARs) and to establish optimal substitution patterns for MAO inhibition. The results show that, with the exception of one compound, all indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives (10) exhibit submicromolar IC values for the inhibition of MAO, with the most potent MAO-A inhibitor exhibiting an IC value of 0.

1,2,4-Oxadiazole/2-Imidazoline Hybrids: Multi-target-directed Compounds for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases and Cancer.

Replacement of amide moiety with the 1,2,4-oxadiazole core in the scaffold of recently reported efflux pump inhibitors afforded a novel series of oxadiazole/2-imidazoline hybrids. The latter compounds exhibited promising antibacterial activity on both Gram-positive (, ) and Gram-negative (, ) strains. Furthermore, selected compounds markedly inhibited the growth of certain drug-resistant bacteria.

Novel monoamine oxidase inhibitors based on the privileged 2-imidazoline molecular framework.

Series of structurally diverse 2-imidazoline derivatives have been synthesized by condensation of substituted aldehydes with ethylenediamine, Pd-catalyzed N-arylation of 2-imidazolines and by the formation of 1,2,4-oxadiazoles and benzoxazepines from 2-imidazoline-containing precursors. The 2-imidazoline derivatives were evaluated as potential inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. Among the 2-imidazolines, good potency inhibitors were discovered with compound 9p (IC = 0.

An investigation of the monoamine oxidase inhibition properties of pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione and indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives.

Hit, Lead & Candidate Discovery In recent studies, we have shown that pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione and indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives act as good potency in vitro inhibitors of the monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzymes. To expand on these series and to further derive structure-activity relationships (SARs) for MAO inhibition, in the present study we synthesized additional homologs and related analogs of these chemical classes. Analyzes of the MAO inhibition properties of the synthesized compounds show that among the pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione derivatives good potency MAO inhibitors exist as exemplified by 10, which possesses IC values for the inhibition of MAO-A and MAO-B of 0.

Corrigendum to "Topography Prediction of Helical Transmembrane Proteins by a New Modification of the Sliding Window Method".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2014/921218.].

Metal-free hydroarylation of the side chain carbon-carbon double bond of 5-(2-arylethenyl)-3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles in triflic acid.

The metal-free reaction of 5-(2-arylethenyl)-3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with arenes in neat triflic acid (TfOH, CFSOH), both under thermal and microwave conditions, leads to 5-(2,2-diarylethyl)-3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles. The products are formed through the regioselective hydroarylation of the side chain carbon-carbon double bond of the starting oxadiazoles in yields up to 97%. According to NMR data and DFT calculations, N,C-diprotonated forms of oxadiazoles are the electrophilic intermediates in this reaction.

An evaluation of synthetic indole derivatives as inhibitors of monoamine oxidase.

In a recent study we have shown that several indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives are potent inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. To expand on these results and to further determine structure-activity relationships (SARs) for MAO inhibition by this chemical class, the present study investigates the MAO inhibition properties of additional indole-5,6-dicarbonitriles and related indole-5,6-dicarboxylic acid and pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione derivatives. Among the active compounds two pyrrolo[3,4-f]indole-5,7-dione derivatives inhibited MAO-A (4 g) and MAO-B (4d) with IC50 values of 0.

Inhibition of monoamine oxidase by indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives.

Recent studies have found that phthalonitrile derivatives are remarkably potent inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase (MAO) A and B. In an attempt to further determine the structure-activity relationships (SARs) for MAO inhibition by this class of compounds and to discover novel potent MAO inhibitors, the present study investigated the MAO inhibition properties of a series consisting of indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives. The results document that 3-chloro-1H-indole-5,6-dicarbonitrile derivatives exhibited potent inhibition of the MAOs.

Topography prediction of helical transmembrane proteins by a new modification of the sliding window method.

Protein functions are specified by its three-dimensional structure, which is usually obtained by X-ray crystallography. Due to difficulty of handling membrane proteins experimentally to date the structure has only been determined for a very limited part of membrane proteins (<4%). Nevertheless, investigation of structure and functions of membrane proteins is important for medicine and pharmacology and, therefore, is of significant interest.