The basal level of salicylic acid represses the PRT6 N-degron pathway to modulate root growth and stress response in rice.

Maintaining a stable basal level of salicylic acid (SA) is crucial for plant growth, development, and stress response, though basal levels of SA vary significantly among plant species. However, the molecular mechanisms by which basal SA regulates plant growth and stress response remain to be elucidated. In this study, we performed a genetic screen to identify suppressors of the root growth defect in Osaim1, a rice mutant deficient in basal SA biosynthesis.

Biological characterization and clinical significance of cuproptosis-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Lung cancer has high morbidity and mortality rates, which results in a poor prognosis. Cuproptosis is a novel cell death mechanism. The aim of this study was to examine the biological characteristics and clinical significance of genes associated with cuproptosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), and to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence and progression of LUAD.

CS bonds mediated rapid charge transfer in hm-CN/CdS heterostructure for efficient photocatalytic CO reduction.

The quest for stable and high-performance photocatalysts is pivotal in advancing the field of photocatalytic CO reduction. Traditional single-component semiconductors are often impeded by their inability to concurrently achieve a broad light absorption spectrum, efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers, and enduring stability, thereby constraining their photocatalytic efficacy. In this study, we introduce an innovative hm-CN/CdS heterojunction that broadens the light absorption spectrum and significantly enhances the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers.

High levels of histone acetylation modifications promote the formation of PGCs.

This study investigates the role of histone acetylation in the differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into primordial germ cells (PGCs). Transcriptomic sequencing was used to analyze differentially expressed genes during this differentiation process, with functional annotation identifying genes associated with histone acetylation. To explore the role of acetylation, acetate and an acetyltransferase inhibitor (ANAC) were added to the ESCs induction medium.

Silencing of the plant-derived horizontally transferred gene BtSC5DL effectively controls Bemisia tabaci MED.

Background: The whitefly Bemisia tabaci is a notorious agricultural pest known for its ability to cause significant crop damage through direct feeding and virus transmission. Its remarkable adaptability and reproductive capacity are linked to its ability to acquire and integrate horizontally transferred genes (HTGs) into its genome. These HTGs increase the physiological and metabolic capacities of this pest, including cholesterol synthesis, which is critical for its survival and reproductive success.

Protein-Guided Biomimetic Calcification Constructing 3D Nitrogen-Rich Core-Shell Structures Realizing High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Biomimetic calcification is a micro-crystallization process that mimics the natural biomineralization process, where biomacromolecules regulate the formation of inorganic minerals. In this study, it is presented that a protein-assisted biomimetic calcification method for the in situ synthesis of nitrogen-doped metal-organic framework (MOF) materials. A series of unique core-shell structures are created by utilizing proteins as templates and guiding agents in the nucleation step, creating ideal conditions for shell growth.

Hypoxia-Responsive Covalent Organic Framework Nanoplatform for Breast-Cancer-Targeted Cocktail Immunotherapy via Triple Therapeutic Switch Mechanisms.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), known for their exceptional in situ encapsulation and precise release capabilities, are emerging as pioneering drug delivery systems. This study introduces a hypoxia-responsive COF designed to encapsulate the chemotherapy drug gambogic acid (GA) in situ. Bimetallic gold-palladium islands were grown on UiO-66-NH (UiO) to form UiO@Au-Pd (UAPi), which were encapsulated with GA through COF membrane formation, resulting in a core-shell structure (UAPiGC).

Construction of a novel radioresistance-related signature for prediction of prognosis, immune microenvironment and anti-tumour drug sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a fatal disease, and radioresistance is an important factor leading to treatment failure and disease progression. The objective of this research was to detect radioresistance-related genes (RRRGs) with prognostic value in NSCLC.

Methods: The weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) analysis were performed to identify RRRGs using expression profiles from TCGA and GEO databases.

Storage Stability Enhancement of Lactic Acid Beverage Using Anti-MDA NJAU-01: The Antioxidant's Role.

This study evaluated the inhibitory efficacy of NJAU-01 (NJAU-01) on oxidation associated with malondialdehyde (MDA) and utilized the bacteria in a functional lactic acid beverage. The antioxidant capacity of the bacteria was measured in vitro, the production conditions (inoculum, fermentation time, and sugar addition) of the lactic acid beverage were optimized, and the effects of NJAU-01 on antioxidant, flavor profile, and storage stability of lactic acid beverages were investigated. The results revealed that NJAU-01 exhibited a high tolerance towards MDA at 40 mM, and that it also exhibited outstanding antioxidant capacity in vitro and antioxidant enzyme activity throughout its growth stage.

Control of in Seafood Using the Combination of Lytic Phages and Citric Acid.

is a key foodborne pathogen in seafood that poses health risks to consumers. The application of phages and organic acids is considered an alternative strategy for controlling bacterial contamination in foods. In the present study, the genome features of five previously isolated virulent phages (VPpYZU64, VPpYZU68, VPpYZU81, VPpYZU92, and VPpYZU110) were characterized, and their bacteriostatic effects in combination with citric acid were analyzed.

Study on Starch-Based Thickeners in Chyme for Dysphagia Use.

A dysphagia diet is a special dietary programme. The development and design of foods for dysphagia should consider both swallowing safety and food nutritional quality. In this study, we investigated the rheological properties (viscosity, thixotropy, and viscoelasticity), textural properties, and swallowing behaviour of commercially available natural, pregelatinised, acetylated, and phosphorylated maize starch and tapioca starch.

A Cytosolic Phosphoglucose Isomerase, OsPGI1c, Enhances Plant Growth and Herbivore Resistance in Rice.

Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (PGI), a key enzyme that catalyzes the reversible conversion of glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate, plays an important role in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses and pathogen infections. However, whether and how PGI modulates herbivore-induced plant defenses remain largely unknown. The Brown planthopper (BPH, ) is a devastating insect pest of rice, causing significant damage to rice plants through feeding, oviposition, and disease transmission, resulting in great yield losses.

The Influence of Process Parameters on Hydrogen-Terminated Diamond and the Enhancement of Carrier Mobility.

With the development of diamond technology, its application in the field of electronics has become a new research hotspot. Hydrogen-terminated diamond has the electrical properties of P-type conduction due to the formation of two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) on its surface. However, due to various scattering mechanisms on the surface, its carrier mobility is limited to 50-200 cm/(Vs).

Combining Controlled-Release and Normal Urea Enhances Rice Grain Quality and Starch Properties by Improving Carbohydrate Supply and Grain Filling.

Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers are gaining popularity in rice ( L.) cultivation for their ability to increase yields while reducing environmental impact. Grain filling is essential for both the yield and quality of rice.

Optimum Nitrogen and Phosphorus Combination Improved Yield and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Sorghum in Saline Soil.

Two-year experiments were conducted to assess the responses of yield and nutrient use efficiency of sorghum to nitrogen and phosphorus under saline soils. Three nitrogen rates (0, 180, and 360 N kg ha) and three phosphorus rates (0, 60, and 120 PO kg ha) were used in this study. Our results showed that nitrogen and phosphorus supply increased SPAD (leaf greenness, 5.

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms Underlying Waterlogging Tolerance in Barley.

Waterlogging is becoming a global issue, affecting crop growth and yield in low-lying rainfed areas. A DH line, TamF169, showing superior waterlogging tolerance, and its waterlogging-sensitive parent, Franklin, were used to conduct transcriptome analyses. The results showed that 2209 and 2578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Franklin and 1997 and 1709 DEGs in TamF169 were detected by comparing gene expression levels under control and waterlogging after 4 and 8 days, respectively, with 392 and 257 DEGs being specific to TamF169 after 4 and 8 days under waterlogging, respectively.

Terpinen-4-ol Improves the Intestinal Barrier Function of the Colon in Immune-Stressed Weaning Piglets.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of terpinen-4-ol (TER) supplementation on the intestinal barrier function of pigs. Five groups of fifty 28-day-old piglets with comparable body weights were randomly assigned to the following groups: the control group (CON), the lipopolysaccharide group (LPS), the low TER group (PLT), the middle TER group (PMT), and the high TER group (PHT). The basal diet was given to the CON and LPS groups, and 30, 60, or 90 mg/kg TER was added to the basal diet for the TER groups.

Efficacy and Safety of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA) in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease Across Different Weight Subgroups.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA), a traditional Chinese patent medicine, plays a crucial role in both preventing and treating diverse cardiovascular diseases, including coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction (MI), and heart failure. Preclinical research has demonstrated that the cardioprotective effects of MUSKARDIA are achieved through multiple pathways, such as enhancing coronary artery dilation, fostering new blood vessel growth, reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, improving lipid metabolism, and protecting vascular endothelium.

Aim Of The Study: This subgroup analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA) plus optimal medical therapy (OMT) across different weight categories in treating stable coronary artery disease (CAD).

Insights into the differences of caspase and apoptosis levels in pork longissimus thoracis muscles with different tenderness: A perspective on S-nitrosylation modification.

This study investigated the differences of caspase and apoptosis levels in pork with different tenderness from the perspective of S-nitrosylation and further explored their role during pork tenderization. Ten longissimus thoracis muscles selected from 36 individual carcasses based on shear force were divided into high (HT) and low (LT) tenderness groups (n = 5), respectively. Results demonstrated that total nitric oxide synthase activity and protein S-nitrosylation levels of LT group were higher than HT group, while myocyte apoptosis levels were lower in LT group (p < 0.

Determination of the appropriate extraction method for bound aroma compounds from strawberry and analysis of aroma substances in strawberry fruits of different varieties and developmental stages.

Strawberries are rich in unique aroma substances, which include bound and free aroma compounds. Unlike the free aroma, the appropriate extraction and analytical methods for bound aroma compounds in strawberries remain unclear. In the present study, we compared three extraction methods for bound aroma compounds of strawberries and performed the single factor experiment for optimizing the hydrolysis method, process parameters, and response surface analysis.

PAMAM/miR-144 nanocarrier system inhibits the migration of gastric cancer by targeting mTOR signal transduction pathway.

Exogenous microRNA-144 (miR-144) is considered as a potential biological drug for gastric cancer because of its biological activity to inhibit the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, the specific molecular mechanisms have not been fully revealed. In addition, their vulnerability to degradation by RNA enzymes in the blood limits their bioavailability.

Primary solitary fibrous tumor of the stomach: A case report and a review of literature.

Rationale: Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are spindle cell tumors that typically occur in the pleura and peritoneum, but very rarely in the stomach. To our best knowledge, there are only 10 cases reported in English literature. We reported a case of primary stomach SFT and summarized the characteristics of all previous cases, suggesting that pathologists and surgeons should include this disease in the differential diagnosis list of primary mesenchymal tumor of the stomach.

Covalent Grafting of Graphene Quantum Dots onto Stepped TiO-Mediated Electronic Modulation for Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution.

The interaction between electrocatalytic active centers and their support is essential to the electrocatalytic performance, which could regulate the electronic structure of the metal centers but requires precise design. Herein, we report on covalent grafting of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) on stepped TiO as a support to anchoring cobalt phosphide nanoparticles (CoP/GQD/S-TiO) for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The covalent ester bonds between GQDs and TiO endow enlarged anchoring sites to achieve highly dispersed electroactive CoP nanoparticles but, more importantly, provide an efficient electron-transfer pathway from TiO to GQDs which could regulate the electronic structure of CoP.