Utilizing TP53 hotspot mutations as effective predictors of gemcitabine treatment outcome in non-small-cell lung cancer.

TP53 mutations are recognized to correlate with a worse prognosis in individuals with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). There exists an immediate necessity to pinpoint selective treatment for patients carrying TP53 mutations. Potential drugs were identified by comparing drug sensitivity differences, represented by the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), between TP53 mutant and wild-type NSCLC cell lines using database analysis.

Comparative impact of tertiary lymphoid structures and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma is a challenging malignancy with limited responses to conventional therapies, particularly immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and have been implicated in the immune response to cancer. However, the role and difference of TLSs and TILs in patients with cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear.

Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on nocturnal changes in blood pressure - a retrospective study.

To explore the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on nocturnal changes in blood pressure (BP), we enrolled 2037 participants who underwent polysomnography (PSG) between 2019 and 2020 and examined BP changes before and after sleep. BP was measured in the evening and the following morning using an electronic wrist sphygmomanometer in the supine position. The severity of OSA was determined by PSG and graded based on the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI).

Deep learning for kidney trauma detection: CT image algorithm performance and external validation: experimental study.

Background: Detecting kidney trauma on CT scans can be challenging and is sometimes overlooked. While deep learning (DL) has shown promise in medical imaging, its application to kidney injuries remains underexplored. This study aims to develop and validate a DL algorithm for detecting kidney trauma, using institutional trauma data and the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) dataset for external validation.

Exploring the Interplay Between Cervicovaginal Microbiome, HPV Infection, and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Taiwanese Women.

This study examined the relationship between the vaginal microbiome, HPV infection, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in 173 women. Subjects were grouped by HPV status and cervical lesion severity, ranging from HPV-negative to CIN Grade 2 or higher. Using VALENCIA classification, the study identified different community state types (CSTs) of vaginal microbiota, with CST IV subtypes (Staphylococcus dominated) showing high diversity and increased pathogenic bacteria.

A linearly polarized AC-driven perovskite light emitting device with nanoscale metal contact.

Electroluminescent (EL) devices consisting of a single metal-semiconductor contact and a gate effect structure have garnered significant attention in the field of perovskite light-emitting devices. This interest is largely due to the thermal stability of the active layer and the simplicity of the device structure. However, the application of these devices in large-area light-emitting applications is hindered by the inherently low carrier mobility in perovskite materials.

Redox-Gated Optical Modulation of Coumarin-Triphenyliminophosphorane Fluorophores.

Novel coumarin-triphenyliminophosphorane (TPIPP) fluorophores, synthesized via a nonhydrolytic Staudinger reaction, exhibit remarkable redox-responsive optical properties. Upon chemical and electrochemical oxidation, these compounds display a hypsochromic shift in absorption from 430 to 350 nm, accompanied by up to 11-fold fluorescence enhancement under 405 nm excitation. The fluorescence switching occurs at an electrochemical oxidation potential of approximately +2.

Observation of Real-Time Spin-Orbit Torque Driven Dynamics in Antiferromagnetic Thin Film.

In the burgeoning field of spintronics, antiferromagnetic materials (AFMs) are attracting significant attention for their potential to enable ultra-fast, energy-efficient devices. Thin films of AFMs are particularly promising for practical applications due to their compatibility with spin-orbit torque (SOT) mechanisms. However, studying these thin films presents challenges, primarily due to the weak signals they produce and the rapid dynamics driven by SOT, that are too fast for conventional electric transport or microwave techniques to capture.

Real‑world therapeutic strategies and survival outcomes in advanced HER2-mutant non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Limited information is available regarding the clinical features and outcomes of advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in Taiwan, despite expanding treatment options for this distinct subtype. The present study explored the clinical features and outcomes of HER2-mutant NSCLC in a real-world setting.

Methods: Relevant data were collected from patients with advanced or recurrent HER2-mutant NSCLC who received systemic therapy between 2011 and 2021 and were followed up until 2022 at two medical centers in Taiwan.

Performance of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 in the Taiwan National Pharmacist Licensing Examination: Comparative Evaluation Study.

Background: OpenAI released versions ChatGPT-3.5 and GPT-4 between 2022 and 2023. GPT-3.

Exploring the perspectives of early-stage postoperative glioblastoma patients and their caregivers on end-of-life care planning: An exploratory qualitative interview study.

Aim: Compare the convergent and divergent viewpoints of early-stage postoperative patients with glioblastoma and their caregivers on end-of-life care planning in Taiwan.

Background: Decision-making capacity in patients with glioblastoma may be compromised as disease progresses, making early future care planning essential to ensure that the provided care aligns with patients' goals. However, within many Asian cultures, the tendency to avoid discussions about death can lead patients to feel hesitant about addressing end-of-life care options.

Development of a Clinically Applicable Deep Learning System Based on Sparse Training Data to Accurately Detect Acute Intracranial Hemorrhage from Non-enhanced Head Computed Tomography.

Non-enhanced head computed tomography is widely used for patients presenting with head trauma or stroke, given acute intracranial hemorrhage significantly influences clinical decision-making. This study aimed to develop a deep learning algorithm, referred to as DeepCT, to detect acute intracranial hemorrhage on non-enhanced head computed tomography images and evaluate its clinical applicability. We retrospectively collected 1,815 computed tomography image sets from a single center for model training.

Assessing the capacity to implement the international health regulations to control COVID-19 at points of entry in Eswatini.

Introduction: Significant challenges to implementing international health regulations (IHR) at points of entry (PoEs) have been highlighted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Better assessment of the capacities of the PoEs may promote focused interventions. This study aimed to assess the capacities and practices at PoEs.

Optimizing skull base defect repair: leveraging the reused nasoseptal flap as a reliable material.

Purpose: The escalating number of endoscopic skull base procedures necessitates exploring additional materials to reduce postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in revision or staged surgeries. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reused nasoseptal flaps (NSFs) in such clinical scenarios.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who previously underwent surgery involving NSFs and later had revision or secondary skull base surgeries via endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) at a tertiary medical center.

Local cortical structure pattern and genetic links in schizophrenia: An MRI and CRISPR/Cas9 study.

While the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ) remains elusive, its diverse phenotypes suggest the involvement of distinct functional cortical areas, and the heritability of SZ implies the underlying genetic factors. This study aimed to integrate imaging and molecular analyses to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of SZ. We investigated the local cortical structural pattern changes in Brodmann areas (BAs) by calculating the cortical structural pattern index (SPI) using magnetic resonance imaging analysis from 194 individuals with SZ and 330 controls.

Exploring the significance of medical humanities in shaping internship performance: insights from curriculum categories.

Background: Medical Humanities (MH) curricula integrate humanities disciplines into medical education to nurture essential qualities in future physicians. However, the impact of MH on clinical competencies during formative training phases remains underexplored. This study aimed to determine the influence of MH curricula on internship performance.

A Comprehensive Weightbearing Computed Tomography Study on Patients With Hallux Valgus: Exploring Multiplanar Deformity Interrelationships.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a complex, multiplanar deformity. In this study, we examined the interrelationships between various components of this deformity using weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT). We hypothesized that the severity of traditional axial plane deformities would correlate with malpositioning of the metatarsosesamoid complex, first-ray coronal rotational deformity, and malalignment of the hindfoot and midfoot.

An Analysis of Temperature-Dependent Timing Jitter Factors in the Structural Design of Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Single-Photon Avalanche Detectors.

Single-Photon Avalanche Photodiodes (SPADs) are increasingly utilized in high-temperature-operated, high-performance Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) systems as well as in ultra-low-temperature-operated quantum science applications due to their high photon sensitivity and timing resolution. Consequently, the jitter value of SPADs at different temperatures plays a crucial role in LiDAR systems and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) applications. However, limited studies have been conducted on this topic.

Environmental Exposure to Bisphenol A Enhances Invasiveness in Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a prevalent environmental contaminant found in plastics and known for its endocrine-disrupting properties, posing risks to both human health and the environment. Despite its widespread presence, the impact of BPA on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) progression, especially under realistic environmental conditions, is not well understood. This study examined the effects of BPA on PTC using a 3D thyroid papillary tumor spheroid model, which better mimicked the complex interactions within human tissues compared to traditional 2D models.

Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Therapeutic Signaling in Spinal Cord Injury.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI). These nanosized vesicles possess unique properties such as low immunogenicity and the ability to cross biological barriers, making them ideal carriers for delivering bioactive molecules to injured tissues. MSC-EVs have been demonstrated to exert multiple beneficial effects in SCI, including reducing inflammation, promoting neuroprotection, and enhancing axonal regeneration.

Robotic-Assisted Colon Cancer Surgery: Faster Recovery and Less Pain Compared to Laparoscopy in a Retrospective Propensity-Matched Study.

: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, with colon cancer accounting for approximately 60% of all CRC cases. Surgery remains the primary and most effective treatment. Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has emerged as a promising approach for colon cancer resection.

Correction: Yeh et al. Identification of () as a Prognostic Biomarker of Tumor Progression and Immune Evasion for Lung Cancer and Evaluation of Organosulfur Compounds from L. as Therapeutic Candidates. 2021, , 1582.

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The Genetic Expression Difference of A2058 Cells Treated by Plasma Direct Exposure and Plasma-Treated Medium and the Appropriate Treatment Strategy.

: Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has been demonstrated as an adjustable device to generate various combinations of short-lived reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and as a promising appliance for cancer therapy. This study investigated the effects of direct and indirect treatments of Argon-based CAP to cancer cells (A2058, A549, U2OS and BCC) and fibroblasts (NIH3T3 and L929) on cell viability. We also aimed to understand whether plasma-generated RONS were involved in this process using genetic evidence.