Interleukin 1β Mediates the Pathogenesis of Nasal Mucosal Epithelial Barrier Dysfunction in Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: The nasal mucosal epithelial barrier is the primary site of allergic rhinitis (AR). Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), as a crucial factor in immune inflammation, not only plays a crucial role in hypersensitivity reactions but also affects the digestive mucosa and skin epithelial barrier. However, the role of IL-1β in the nasal mucosal epithelial barrier in AR has not been reported, and this study aimed to investigate the effect and possible mechanisms involved.

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Breast: Current Insights and Future Directions.

Background: The breast neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) represent a heterogeneous group of tumors and account for less than 1% of all NENs. The 5th edition of the WHO Classification of Breast Tumors in 2019 introduced a more stringent definition for breast NENs including neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) (G1, G2) and neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) (small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma). While the diagnostic criteria and treatment of breast NENs still have some unsolved issues.

Clinical significance of Cyclin D1 by complete quantification detection in mantle cell lymphoma: positive indicator in prognosis.

Objectives: The positive expression of Cyclin D1 in immunohistochemical (IHC) staining serves as the cornerstone for diagnosing mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). However, existing literature does not conclusively establish whether the expression ratio and staining intensity significantly influence diagnostic outcomes or patient prognosis. In this retrospective study, the correlation between comprehensive Cyclin D1 quantification and the prognosis of MCL patients was studied.

Malignancy risk stratification prediction of BI-RADS 4B calcifications based on contrast-enhanced mammographic features: a multicenter study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the malignant risk of BI-RADS 4B calcification-only lesions detected on Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM) and to develop a predictive model for stratifying malignant risk.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 131 calcification-only lesions of BI-RADS 4B identified on low-energy (LE) images of CEM from 125 females between March 2017 and April 2023 at three institutions. The patients were grouped as training (95 lesions) and external validation sets (36 lesions).

Red blood cell distribution width to albumin ratio as a predictor of mortality in ICU patients with community acquired bacteremia.

Bloodstream infections are globally occurring life-threatening diseases that impose significant societal and economic burdens. This study explored the red cell distribution width (RDW) to albumin ratio (RAR), a novel index derived from RDW, to investigate its relationship with prognosis of bacteremia using propensity score matching (PSM). This retrospective observational cohort study included patients with bacteremia admitted to Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital's intensive care units from June 2019 to December 2022.

Selinexor combined with bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone for the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.

Objective: We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of Selinexor combined bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (XVRd) protocol in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease.

Methods: This is a single-arm, open, observational clinical study. For induction/consolidation(21-day cycles), patients received 8 cycles of XVRd protocol.

Skin metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma: A case report and literature review.

The present study reports a rare case of skin metastasis in a 26-year-old female patient with a history of PTC positive for the mutation. During the 2.5-year follow-up period after the initial surgical treatment of PTC, no evidence of distant metastasis was found via thyroglobulin measurements, neck ultrasound, or neck and chest computed tomography.

Strategy Optimization for a Combined Procedure in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: The COMBINATION Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The optimal strategy of combining left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) with catheter ablation (CA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during a single procedure remains unclear.

Objective: To determine the effects of ablation-first vs occlusion-first strategies on long-term clinical outcomes among patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing a combined LAAO and CA procedure.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The prospective, multicenter COMBINATION randomized clinical trial was conducted in 14 high-volume centers in China.

Early and noninvasive prediction of response to neoadjuvant therapy for breast cancer via longitudinal ultrasound and MR deep learning: A multicentre study.

Rationale And Objectives: The early prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) will aid in the development of personalized treatments for patients with breast cancer. This study investigated the value of longitudinal multimodal deep learning (DL) based on breast MR and ultrasound (US) in predicting pathological complete response (pCR) after NAC.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the pre-NAC and post-2nd-NAC MR and/or US images of 448 patients enrolled from three centers and extracted DL features from the largest section of the breast tumour using ResNet50.

Genetically Predicted Immune Cell-Mediated Effect of Lipid Metabolism on Allergic Diseases: A Two-Step, Mediation Mendelian Randomization Study.

Introduction: An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that dynamic changes in lipid species can affect allergic diseases; however, the causal relationship and mediating role of immune cells remain unclear.

Methods: We conducted a bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on 179 lipid species (n = 7,174) and three types of allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis (AR) (n = 370,158), allergic asthma (n = 219,753), and allergic conjunctivitis (n = 377,277). The principal model used was the inverse variance-weighted approach, and a series of sensitivity analyses were conducted to ensure the robustness of the results.

Impact of COVID-19 on the Prevalence and Drug Resistance of Bacteria Isolated From Bacterial Meningitis Cerebrospinal Fluid in Shandong Province: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Our objective was to evaluate the ramifications of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on the microbial profile and antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of patients with bacterial meningitis. We conducted a retrospective analysis of laboratory results and clinical records about positive CSF cultures reported by the SPARSS network from 2017 to 2023. The study covered three distinct periods: January 2017 to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic), January 2020 to December 2022 (during the COVID-19 pandemic), and January 2023 to December 2023 (after the COVID-19 pandemic), with a total of 5793 CSF isolates collected.

Deep learning-based automatic pipeline system for predicting lateral cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma using computed tomography: A multi-center study.

Objective: The assessment of lateral lymph node metastasis (LLNM) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) holds great significance. This study aims to develop and evaluate a deep learning-based automatic pipeline system (DLAPS) for diagnosing LLNM in PTC using computed tomography (CT).

Methods: A total of 1,266 lateral lymph nodes (LLNs) from 519 PTC patients who underwent CT examinations from January 2019 to November 2022 were included and divided into training and validation set, internal test set, pooled external test set, and prospective test set.

Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Allergic Rhinitis.

Allergic rhinitis (AR), which presents symptoms like sneezing and a runny nose, is categorized as an upper respiratory condition of type 2. Recent progress in comprehending AR has revealed the significant role played by type 2 cytokines, specifically interleukin (IL)-13, IL-4, and IL-5. These cytokines are released by helper T cells 2 (Th2) and innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s).

Case report: Significant response of alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer from combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Background: Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) represents a particularly aggressive subtype of gastric carcinoma characterized by elevated rates of vascular invasion, lymphatic dissemination, hepatic metastasis, and an unfavorable clinical outcome. Treatment strategies for AFPGC have historically lacked specificity. Herein, a case is presented involving AFPGC in which the patient exhibited a notable response to combined anti-PD-1 antibody immunotherapy and SOX chemotherapy, potentially achieving a cure.

Case report: The first known case of male retroperitoneal mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma.

Aim: We aimed to analyze the clinico-pathological and molecular features of mesonephric-like adenocarcinoma (MLA) to enhance understanding of this tumor type.

Methods: This is the first case of MLA occurring in the retroperitoneum of a male patient. Clinico-pathological and molecular characteristics were analyzed, and the relevant literature was reviewed.

Iparomlimab (QL1604) in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) unresectable or metastatic solid tumors: a pivotal, single-arm, multicenter, phase II trial.

Though several anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies approved for monotherapy in microsatellite instability-high or mismatch repair-deficient unresectable/metastatic solid tumors, novel immunotherapy with better anti-tumor activity is needed in clinic. In this single-arm, multicenter, pivotal, phase II study, patients received iparomlimab (a novel humanized anti-PD-1 mAb, 200 mg or 3 mg/kg for patients with body weight < 40 kg, IV, Q3W) until disease progression, intolerable toxicities, withdrawal of consent, death, or up to 2 years. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) assessed by independent radiological review committee (IRRC).

Risk signature of NETosis-related subtype predicts prognosis and evaluates immunotherapy effectiveness in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) has a high incidence and mortality rate with a poor prognosis, so it is crucial to search for new biomarkers. The role of NETosis, a newly identified type of programmed cell death, in GC and its underlying mechanisms have yet to be explored and still require thorough investigation. Our research seeks to enhance our comprehension of NETosis and may offer novel approaches for treating GC.

Gastrokine 1 transferred by gastric cancer exosomes inhibits growth and invasion of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

In gastric cancer, gastrokine 1 (GKN1) is a potential theragnostic marker while the related mechanisms remain elusive. Exosomes mediate intercellular communications via transferring various molecules, yet there are limited research studies on the specific cargos of gastric cancer exosomes and the associated mechanisms in this disease. In the present study, AGS and N87-C cells were transfected with an overexpressed GKN1 plasmid, followed by extraction of exosomes.

Gastrodin ameliorates diabetic nephropathy by activating the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of end-stage kidney failure, contributing to elevated morbidity and mortality rates in individuals with diabetes. Despite its potential renoprotective effects, the molecular mechanism by which gastrodin (GSTD) impacts DN remains unclear. To investigate this, mice were initially induced with DN via intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) injection (50 mg/kg) and subsequently treated with varying doses of GSTD (5, 10, 20 mg/kg).