TOTEM: a multi-cancer detection and localization approach using circulating tumor DNA methylation markers.

Background: Detection of cancer and identification of tumor origin at an early stage improve the survival and prognosis of patients. Herein, we proposed a plasma cfDNA-based approach called TOTEM to detect and trace the cancer signal origin (CSO) through methylation markers.

Methods: We performed enzymatic conversion-based targeted methylation sequencing on plasma cfDNA samples collected from a clinical cohort of 500 healthy controls and 733 cancer patients with seven types of cancer (breast, colorectum, esophagus, stomach, liver, lung, and pancreas) and randomly divided these samples into a training cohort and a testing cohort.

HSP70 protects against acute pancreatitis-elicited intestinal barrier damage in rats.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a frequent but severe abdominal emergency in general surgery with intestinal barrier dysfunction. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that has been proposed to exert favorable effects on AP. Nonetheless, the detailed impacts of HSP70 on the intestinal barrier function in AP are unknown, which will be investigated here.

Exosomes regulate SIRT3-related autophagy by delivering miR-421 to regulate macrophage polarization and participate in OSA-related NAFLD.

Purpose: To analyze the role of and mechanism underlying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-derived exosomes in inducing non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD).

Methods: The role of OSA-derived exosomes was analyzed in inducing hepatocyte fat accumulation in mice models both in vivo and in vitro.

Results: OSA-derived exosomes caused fat accumulation and macrophage activation in the liver tissue.

[Treatment of intrauterine adhesions in rats with hypoxia-cultured BMSC-derived exosomes].

To perform intrauterine adhesion modeling, and to investigate the repair effect of hypoxic treated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and their derived exosomes (BMSC-exo) on endometrial injury. BMSC and their exosomes BMSC-exo extracted from rats' femur were cultured under conventional oxygen condition (21%O) or hypoxia condition (1%O). Intrauterine adhesion modeling was performed on 40 healthy female SD rats by intrauterine injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide after curettage.

Venous blood parameters in determination of respiratory impairment in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between venous blood parameters and respiratory functions in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and develop a model to predict respiratory impairment for individual patients with ALS. A total of 416 ALS patients were included in the study, and various hematologic and biochemical laboratory parameters as well as demographic and clinical factors were collected and compared. A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to assess the association between FVC and venous blood biomarkers and clinical factors.

FNDC5 inhibits autophagy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promotes their survival after transplantation by downregulating Sp1.

Regenerative therapy based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has great promise to achieve functional recovery in cerebral infarction patients. However, the survival rate of transplanted MSCs is extremely low because of destructive autophagy caused by the harsh ischemic microenvironment in cerebral infarct tissue. The mechanism by which fibronectin type III domain protein 5 (FNDC5) regulates autophagy of transplanted bone marrow-MSCs (BMSCs) following ischemic injury needs to be elucidated.

Exploring the regulatory mechanism of tRNA-derived fragments 36 in acute pancreatitis based on small RNA sequencing and experiments.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease featuring acute inflammation of the pancreas and histological destruction of acinar cells. Approximately 20% of AP patients progress to moderately severe or severe pancreatitis, with a case fatality rate of up to 30%. However, a single indicator that can serve as the gold standard for prognostic prediction has not been discovered.

Mechanism by which oleracein E alleviates TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of oleracein E (OE) in improving 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce a UC cell model, and TNBS was used to induce a UC rat model. ELISA was performed to assess the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6).

miR-181c-5p suppresses neuronal pyroptosis via NLRP1 in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is neurodegenerative disease common in the elderly, whose pathological mechanism is the deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death mediated by Gasdermin protein. After the activation of inflammasomes, the cleaved caspase⁃ 1/4/5/11 activates GSDMD, which promotes the release of inflammatory substances and eventually causes cell swelling and death.

Identification of immune signatures in Parkinson's disease based on co-expression networks.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in middle-aged and elderly people, and there is less research on the relationship between immunity and PD. In this study, the protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) data, 2747 human immune-related genes (HIRGs), 2078 PD-related genes (PDRGs), and PD-related datasets (GSE49036 and GSE20292) were downloaded from the Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD), Amigo 2, DisGeNET, and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, respectively. An immune- or PD-directed neighbor co-expressed network construction (IOPDNC) was drawn based on the GSE49036 dataset and HPRD database.

Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) gene deletion-mediated fracture healing in type II diabetic osteoporosis associates with inhibition of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway.

Diabetes is characterized by increased fracture risk. Evidence from studies is lacking for anti-fracture strategies in diabetes. Our microarray analyses predicted association of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) with both diabetes and osteoporosis, which was the focus of this work in a murine model of type II diabetic osteoporosis (T2DOP).

Bioinformatics Identification of Candidate Biomarkers in Endomyocardial Biopsy and Peripheral Blood for Cardiac Allograft Rejection.

BACKGROUND Cardiac allograft rejection is still a crucial barrier to achieving satisfactory outcomes after surgery. In this study, we propose to find candidate biomarkers from endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) and peripheral blood (PB) samples for efficient diagnosis and treatment of cardiac allograft rejection. MATERIAL AND METHODS Microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO).

FNDC5 overexpression promotes the survival rate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after transplantation in a rat cerebral infarction model.

Background: Most bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) death is caused by the harsh ischemia and hypoxic microenvironment, which impacts the therapeutic effects of transplanted BMSCs. Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) and its cleaved product, irisin, are reportedly involved in cerebral protective effect. Research into whether FNDC5 plays a key role in the survival rate of BMSCs and cerebral infarction (CI) remains inadequate.

lncRNA MEG3 modulates hepatic stellate cell activation by sponging miR‑145 to regulate PPARγ.

It is important to determine the mechanism of liver fibrosis for targeted therapy and the development of targeted therapies for liver fibrosis may offer promise for patients with liver disease. Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve a role in hepatic fibrosis. The lncRNA maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) has been confirmed to inhibit liver fibrosis.

The Transcription Factor SUB1 Is a Master Regulator of the Macrophage TLR Response in Atherosclerosis.

Toll-like receptor 2 and 4 (TLR2, TLR4) signaling is implicated in atherosclerotic plaque formation. The two-stage master regulator Virtual Inference of Protein-activity by Enriched Regulon (VIPER) analysis of macrophage TLR2 and TLR4 signature genes integrated with coexpression network genes derived from 371 patient-derived carotid specimens identifies activated RNA polymerase II transcriptional coactivator p15 (SUB1/Sub1, PC4) as a master regulon in the atherogenic TLR response. It is found that TLR2 and TLR4 signaling is proinflammatory and proatherosclerotic in chow-fed apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE ) mice.

LGALS3BP/Gal-3 promotes osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells.

Objective: To identify the role of LGALS3BP/Gal-3 in the process of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) differentiating into osteoblasts.

Methods: IP-WB experiments were carried out to examine the binding of LGALS3BP and Gal-3. Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of LGALS3BP and Gal-3 in hPDLSCs with or without osteogenic differentiation inducement.

The Efficacy of Rituximab in the Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy.

Rituximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 expressed on B cells, originally used to treat lymphoma but is increasingly used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Membranous nephropathy is an autoimmune disease resulting from the deposition of IgG and complements components onto the subepithelial layer of the glomerular capillary wall and remains the leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Several prospective and retrospective studies showed rituximab induces remission and may decrease proteinuria in patients with membranous nephropathy.

[Corrigendum] Epithelial mesenchymal transition induced by the CXCL9/CXCR3 axis through AKT activation promotes invasion and metastasis in tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Subsequently to the publication of this paper, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that two pairs of data panels containing strikingly similar data were featured in Fig. 4A and B. The authors have re‑examined their data and realized that Fig.

Comprehensively Identifying the Key tRNA-Derived Fragments and Investigating Their Function in Gastric Cancer Processes.

Purpose: Gastric cancer (GC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been identified as potential biomarkers and cancer therapeutic targets. However, the influence of tRFs on GC remains unknown.

Risk Factors and Metabolism of Different Brain Regions by Positron Emission Tomography in Parkinson Disease with Disabling Dyskinesia.

Objective: Dyskinesia is the most common motor complication in advanced Parkinson's Disease (PD) and has a severe impact on daily life. But the mechanism of dyskinesia is still poorly understood. This study aims to explore risk factors for disabling dyskinesia in PD and further analyze the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) distribution (labeled with 18F-AV133) in the corpus striatum and the 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) metabolism of different brain regions by PET-CT.