Adjunctive benefits of low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for obesity frequent chronic conditions: a systematic review.

Background: Obesity is widely recognized for its role in predisposing individuals to a spectrum of chronic health conditions. Emerging preliminary evidence points to the potential benefits of low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (Lo-TENS) in enhancing various health outcomes among those with obesity and associated disorders.

Objective: This systematic review was designed to assess the effectiveness of Lo-TENS for managing obesity and its related chronic diseases.

Combined maternal KIR2DL4 and fetal HLA-G polymorphisms were associated with preeclampsia in a Han Chinese population.

Preeclampsia is the main cause of maternal and infant mortality and morbidity during pregnancy. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DL4 (KIR2DL4) and human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G) play crucial roles in immune tolerance at the maternal-fetal interface. In this case‒control study, 154 maternal-fetal pairs were recruited, including 74 pairs with preeclampsia (56 of 74 pairs from family triads) and 80 pairs with a normal pregnancy (78 of 80 pairs from family triads).

Causality between migraine and cardiovascular disease: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: While growing evidence suggests a relationship between migraine and cardiovascular disease, the genetic evidence for a causal relationship between migraine and cardiovascular disease is still scarce. Investigating the causal association between migraine and cardiovascular disease is vital.

Methods: We carried out a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study including discovery samples and replication samples using publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary datasets and stringent screening instrumental variables.

Effect of modified opioid sparing anaesthesia on postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery: protocol for a monocentre, double-blind randomised controlled trial - the MOSA study.

Introduction: Obesity patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery (LBS) are frequently encountered perioperative adverse events related to opioids-based anaesthesia (OBA) or opioids-free anaesthesia (OFA). While modified opioid-sparing anaesthesia (MOSA) has been shown to lower the occurrence of adverse events related to OBA and OFA. This study is to assess the efficacy of MOSA in enhancing the recovery quality among individuals undergoing LBS.

Explainable coronary artery disease prediction model based on AutoGluon from AutoML framework.

Objective: This study focuses on the innovative application of Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) technology in cardiovascular medicine to construct an explainable Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) prediction model to support the clinical diagnosis of CAD.

Methods: This study utilizes a combined data set of five public data sets related to CAD. An ensemble model is constructed using the AutoML open-source framework AutoGluon to evaluate the feasibility of AutoML in constructing a disease prediction model in cardiovascular medicine.

TOTEM: a multi-cancer detection and localization approach using circulating tumor DNA methylation markers.

Background: Detection of cancer and identification of tumor origin at an early stage improve the survival and prognosis of patients. Herein, we proposed a plasma cfDNA-based approach called TOTEM to detect and trace the cancer signal origin (CSO) through methylation markers.

Methods: We performed enzymatic conversion-based targeted methylation sequencing on plasma cfDNA samples collected from a clinical cohort of 500 healthy controls and 733 cancer patients with seven types of cancer (breast, colorectum, esophagus, stomach, liver, lung, and pancreas) and randomly divided these samples into a training cohort and a testing cohort.

Exploring salivary metabolome alterations in people with HIV: towards early diagnostic markers.

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a critical global health issue, with a pressing need for effective diagnostic and monitoring tools.

Methodology: This study explored distinctions in salivary metabolome among healthy individuals, individuals with HIV, and those receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Utilizing LC-MS/MS for exhaustive metabolomics profiling, we analyzed 90 oral saliva samples from individuals with HIV, categorized by CD4 count levels in the peripheral blood.

Analysis of post-market adverse events of tafamidis base on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Tafamidis is the world's first and only oral drug approved to treat the rare disease transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). Medicines are known to have different adverse reactions during the course of treatment. However, the current limited clinical studies did not identify significant adverse drug reactions to tafamidis.

Efficacy and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept for moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal injection of conbercept (IVC) in treating moderate to severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), with or without accompanying diabetic macular edema.

Methods: In this longitudinal retrospective study, 35 patients (50 eyes) with moderate to severe NPDR and Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) scores between 43 and 53 were treated at the Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, from October 2018 to January 2023. Treatment protocol included three monthly IVC injections followed by a (PRN) regimen over a two-year follow-up period.

HSP70 protects against acute pancreatitis-elicited intestinal barrier damage in rats.

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a frequent but severe abdominal emergency in general surgery with intestinal barrier dysfunction. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that has been proposed to exert favorable effects on AP. Nonetheless, the detailed impacts of HSP70 on the intestinal barrier function in AP are unknown, which will be investigated here.

Exosomes regulate SIRT3-related autophagy by delivering miR-421 to regulate macrophage polarization and participate in OSA-related NAFLD.

Purpose: To analyze the role of and mechanism underlying obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-derived exosomes in inducing non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD).

Methods: The role of OSA-derived exosomes was analyzed in inducing hepatocyte fat accumulation in mice models both in vivo and in vitro.

Results: OSA-derived exosomes caused fat accumulation and macrophage activation in the liver tissue.

Adipocyte-derived exosomes from obstructive sleep apnoea rats aggravate MASLD by TCONS_00039830/miR-455-3p/Smad2 axis.

A correlation exists between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and the severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), OSA can induce more severe MASLD. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism between the two is unclear. To this end, this study explored the role and possible molecular mechanisms of adipocyte-derived exosomes under OSA in aggravating MASLD.

A nomogram based on the quantitative and qualitative features of CT imaging for the prediction of the invasiveness of ground glass nodules in lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Based on the quantitative and qualitative features of CT imaging, a model for predicting the invasiveness of ground-glass nodules (GGNs) was constructed, which could provide a reference value for preoperative planning of GGN patients.

Materials And Methods: Altogether, 702 patients with GGNs (including 748 GGNs) were included in this study. The GGNs operated between September 2020 and July 2022 were classified into the training group (n = 555), and those operated between August 2022 and November 2022 were classified into the validation group (n = 193).

Current perioperative nociception monitoring and potential directions.

Perioperative nociception-antinociception balance is essential for the prevention of adverse postoperative events. Estimating the nociception level helps optimize intraoperative management. In the past two decades, various nociception monitoring devices have been developed for the identification of intraoperative nociception.

BMSC Alleviates Dry Eye by Inhibiting the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β Signaling Axis by Reducing Inflammation Levels.

Purpose: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have multiple biological functions and are widely involved in regulating inflammatory diseases, tissue repair and regeneration. However, the mechanism of their action in dry eye disease (DED) is currently unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of BMSCs in the treatment of dry eye mice and to explore its specific therapeutic mechanism.

Association of consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages with elevated blood pressure among college students in Yunnan Province, China.

Objective: Although some studies have examined the association between eating behaviour and elevated blood pressure (EBP) in adolescents, current data on the association between sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and EBP in adolescents in Yunnan Province, China, are lacking.

Setting: Cluster sampling was used to survey freshmen at a college in Kunming, Yunnan Province, from November to December. Data on SSB consumption were collected using an FFQ measuring height, weight and blood pressure.

Hypoxic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes promote angiogenesis and enhance endometrial injury repair through the miR-424-5p-mediated DLL4/Notch signaling pathway.

Background: Currently, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been reported to promote endometrial regeneration in rat models of mechanically injury-induced uterine adhesions (IUAs), but the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of hypoxic BMSC-derived exosomes on IUAs have not been elucidated.

Objective: To investigate the potential mechanism by which the BMSCS-derived exosomal miR-424-5p regulates IUA angiogenesis through the DLL4/Notch signaling pathway under hypoxic conditions and promotes endometrial injury repair.

Methods: The morphology of the exosomes was observed transmission electron microscopy, and the expression of exosome markers (CD9, CD63, CD81, and HSP70) was detected flow cytometry and Western blotting.

Unveiling the role of astrocytes in postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive cognitive decline and the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques, tau tangles, and neuroinflammation in the brain. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition characterized by cognitive decline following neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by procedures. POCD and AD are two conditions that share similarities in the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology.

Multi-omic analyses of m5C readers reveal their characteristics and immunotherapeutic proficiency.

5-methylcytosine (m5C) is a post-transcriptional RNA modification identified, m5C readers can specifically identify and bind to m5C. ALYREF and YBX1 as members of m5C readers that have garnered increasing attention in cancer research. However, comprehensive analysis of their molecular functions across pancancer are lacking.