55 results match your criteria: "Yamaguchi Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment.[Affiliation]"
Acta Med Okayama
October 2024
Department of Pediatrics, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center.
Severe febrile thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a tick-borne infectious disease that is endemic in parts of eastern Asia. Few pediatric cases have been reported. We describe a case of SFTS in a seven-year-old girl who presented with prolonged fever and gastrointestinal symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Infect Dis
May 2024
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Chemosphere
August 2023
Material Cycles Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, 305-8506, Japan.
Fragmentation of degraded plastics and release of smaller secondary microplastics is usually attributed to the growth of environmental stress cracks. Analysis of crack patterns derived from chemical degradation can be useful not only for assessing the cause of plastic fracture and evaluating the useful lifetime of a product, but it can also potentially provide valuable information on the generation of microplastics. However, the literature with respect to microplastics generation is generally limited to surface observations of polypropylene and polyethylene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJpn J Infect Dis
July 2023
Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan.
Sapovirus (SaV) infections are a public health problem because they cause acute gastroenteritis in humans of all ages, both sporadically and as outbreaks. However, only a limited amount of SaV sequence information, especially whole-genome sequences for all the SaV genotypes, is publicly available. Therefore, in this study, we determined the full/near-full-length genomic sequences of 138 SaVs from the 2001 to 2015 seasons in 13 prefectures across Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe incidence of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) due to group B Streptococcus (GBS) has been increasing annually in Japan and is becoming a serious challenge. Furthermore, in recent years, penicillin- or clindamycin-resistant strains used in treating streptococcal toxic shock syndrome have been reported. However, no report analyzed >100 isolates of group B Streptococcus causing streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Pollut Bull
January 2023
Material Cycles Division, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, Japan.
Although marine plastic debris are expected to retain various chemical additives, little is known about the additives that are retained. We conducted a screening analysis of additives in 261 macroplastic and micro-mesoplastic debris from two beaches. We detected 52 chemicals-antioxidants, phthalates, ultraviolet stabilizers, hindered amine light stabilizers, and flame retardants-and quantified the concentrations of 15 of them.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPathol Int
October 2022
Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
Pandemic influenza virus A(H1N1)pdm09 infection occurred in healthy children and young adults, but asthmatic patients presented more rapid progression of respiratory distress and plastic bronchitis. To investigate the pathogenesis of worsening respiratory symptoms after A(H1N1)pdm09 infection, we focused on matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1). MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum from mice with and without asthma were evaluated after A(H1N1)pdm09 or seasonal A(H1N1) infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEBioMedicine
July 2022
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE) has emerged as an important cause of severe invasive infections including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). The present study aimed to identify genes involved in differences in invasiveness between STSS and non-invasive SDSE isolates.
Methods: STSS and non-invasive SDSE isolates were analysed to identify csrS/csrR mutations, followed by a comparative analysis of genomic sequences to identify mutations in other genes.
Microb Genom
December 2021
Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Viruses
April 2021
Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Int J Med Microbiol
April 2021
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a severe invasive infection characterized by the sudden onset of shock, multi-organ failure, and puerperal sepsis and shows high mortality. Its primary cause is group A streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes). In this study, we genotyped the cell-surface M virulence protein gene (emm) from 621 GAS isolates obtained from patients with STSS in Japan in 2013-2018 and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the broth microdilution method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmun Inflamm Dis
June 2021
Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Background: Severe asthma exacerbation is an important comorbidity of the 2009 HIN1 pandemic (A(H1N1)pdm09) in asthmatic patients. However, the mechanisms underlying severe asthma exacerbation remain unknown. In this study, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was measured in pediatric asthma patients infected with A(H1N1)pdm09.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfect Microbes Dis
December 2020
Department of Oral and Molecular Microbiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Antiviral Res
August 2020
Influenza Virus Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, 208-0011, Japan.
Human-to-human transmission of PA I38 mutant influenza A(H3N2) viruses with reduced baloxavir susceptibility has been reported in Japan. In December 2019, we detected a PA E23K mutant A(H1N1)pdm09 virus from a child without baloxavir treatment. The PA E23K mutant virus exhibited reduced baloxavir susceptibility but remained susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect Chemother
February 2020
Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan.
Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus; GAS) is an important gram-positive human pathogen capable of causing diseases ranging from mild superficial skin and pharyngeal infections to more severe invasive diseases, including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). GAS produces a T protein, and T serotyping has considerable discriminatory power for epidemiological characterization of GAS. To clarify the relationship between STSS and pharyngitis in Japan, we examined the T serotypes of GAS strains isolated from clinical specimens of streptococcal infections (STSS, 951 isolates; pharyngitis, 16268 isolates) from 2005 to 2017.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
September 2019
Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki, Japan.
Front Microbiol
July 2019
Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
Genotyping evidence that supports the interruption of endemic measles virus (MV) transmission is one of the essential criteria to be verified in achieving measles elimination. In Japan since 2014, MV genotype analyses have been performed for most of the measles cases in prefectural public health institutes nationwide. With this strong molecular epidemiological data, Japan was verified to have eliminated measles in March, 2015.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Allergy Immunol
November 2019
Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Japan.
Background: Respiratory viral and mycoplasma infections are associated with childhood asthma exacerbations. Here, we explored epidemiologic profile of causative pathogens and possible factors for exacerbation in a single center over a three-year period.
Methods: Hospitalized asthmatic children with attack aged 6 months-17 years were recruited between 2012 and 2015 (n = 216).
Pediatr Neurol
October 2019
Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Front Microbiol
February 2019
Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Koplik spots are considered a disease-specific sign for measles, although comprehensive virological studies have not been conducted to date. In Japan, a national survey of 3023 measles and measles-suspected cases was conducted between 2009 and 2014 using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to detect various rash/fever-associated viruses. Koplik spots were observed in 717 of 3023 cases (23.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine
March 2019
Department of Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
Front Microbiol
February 2019
Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato, Japan.
The norovirus forecasting system (NOROCAST) has been developed for predicting directions of changes in genotype proportions between human norovirus (HuNoV) seasons in Japan through modeling herd immunity to structural protein 1 (VP1). Here 404 nearly complete genomic sequences of HuNoV were analyzed to examine whether the performance of NOROCAST could be improved by modeling herd immunity to VP2 and non-structural proteins (NS) in addition to VP1. It was found that the applicability of NOROCAST may be extended by compensating for unavailable sequence data and observed genotype proportions of 0 in each season.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Microbiol
December 2018
Department of Bacteriology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
Background: VanB-type vancomycin (VAN) resistance gene clusters confer VAN resistances on Enterococcus spp. over a wide range of MIC levels (MIC = 4-1000 mg/L). However, the epidemiology and the molecular characteristics of the VAN susceptible VanB-type Enterococcus still remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatr Infect Dis J
November 2018
From the Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan.
Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are the leading causes of acute respiratory illness in children. Clinical burden of each infection on the respiratory distress in asthmatic patients remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to clarify the effect of these infections on the severity of asthmatic children in the seasonal outbreaks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
January 2018
Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Japan.
In the 2016/2017 winter season in Japan, HuNoV GII.P16-GII.2 strains (2016 strains) emerged and caused large outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis.
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