Medial rectus insertion site in cases of acute acquired comitant esotropia associated with excessive digital device usage.

Purpose: To compare the distance of the medial rectus muscle insertion to the limbus (DMIL) between patients with acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) associated with excessive digital device usage (EDDU) and exotropic patients.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: The medical records of 72 eyes of 44 patients with EDDU were retrospectively analyzed.

Factors Affecting Outcomes of Stereoacuity in Partially Refractive Accommodative Esotropia with Motor Success Treated by Preoperative Prism Correction and Surgery.

Purpose: Favorable stereoacuity does not develop in all patients with partially refractive accommodative esotropia (PRAET) successfully aligned, and there have been few previous reports on the factors influencing stereoacuity outcomes in patients with PRAET treated with prismatic correction (PPC) and/or surgery. This study aimed to analyze factors affecting stereoacuity outcomes in patients of PRAET treated with PPC and surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Relationship between strabismus associated with Angelman syndrome and orbital anomaly.

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the details of strabismus and orbital abnormalities determined by ocular motility tests and orbital imaging examinations in 9 cases with Angelman syndrome (AS).

Study Design: A retrospective, clinical report.

Methods: The 9 AS cases (mean age at initial visit: 4.

Relationship Between Suppression Scotomas and Stereoacuity in Anisometropic Amblyopia With Successfully Treated Visual Acuity.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among suppression scotoma size, stereoacuity, and four-prism base-out test (4ΔBOT) results in anisometropic amblyopia with successfully treated visual acuity.

Methods: We included 103 cases of anisometropic amblyopia successfully treated for visual acuity without strabismus. Stereoacuity was measured using a Randot Stereotest.

Surgical Outcomes with and without Prism Adaptation of Cases with Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia Related to Prolonged Digital Device Use.

Purpose: To analyze surgical results of 32 cases with acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) related to prolonged use of digital devices (DDs).

Patients And Methods: Medical records of cases with AACE related to prolonged use of DDs that had undergone surgery were retrospectively revised. Complete medical history and full ophthalmological examinations before and surgery were obtained for all cases.

Accuracy and Correlation of the Kinect-Based Semi-Automatic Scoring Method for Measuring Anomalous Head Posture as Compared to the CROM Device.

Objective: To determine the reliability of the Kinect-based semi-automatic scoring method (KSSM) using Kinect for Windows v2 for head posture compared to the cervical range-of-motion (CROM) device.

Methods And Analysis: Head positions between -40° and +40° of chin up/down (X), head turn (Y), and lateral tilt (Z) were measured in 10° increments in healthy volunteers. Their head positions were simultaneously measured using the KSSM and CROM.

Effects of Bilateral Medial Rectus Resection on Motor Outcomes in Infantile Exotropia.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of bilateral medial rectus resection (BMRres) on motor outcomes in infantile exotropia.

Methods: We evaluated 19 cases of infantile exotropia surgery. The mean age at surgical alignment was 4.

Abnormal biorbital angle in children with infantile exotropia.

Purpose: The causative factors of infantile exotropia are unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between the biorbital angle and the pathogenesis of infantile exotropia.

Study Design: Retrospective.

Relationship between stereopsis outcome and timing of surgical alignment in infantile esotropia.

Purpose: To clarify the relationship between stereopsis outcome and timing of surgical alignment in infantile esotropia.

Methods: The medical records of otherwise healthy patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgery by 8 years of age were divided into the following groups according to age at time of surgery: very early surgery (≤8 months), early surgery (>8 to ≤24 months) and late surgery (>24 months). Binocular response and stereopsis were compared between groups.

Developmental change of the biorbital angle in normal Japanese infants.

Purpose: To investigate postnatal changes in the biorbital angle in normal Japanese children.

Subjects And Methods: Axial imaging of the orbit in the transverse plane of the horizontal extraocular muscles was obtained in 129 ophthalmologically healthy infants (age ranging from a few months to 11 years). The opening angle between both lateral walls of the orbit was defined as the biorbital angle.

Changes in angle of optic nerve and angle of ocular orbit with increasing age in Japanese children.

Purpose: To study changes in the opening angle of the optic nerve and the angle of the ocular orbit with increasing age in normal Japanese children.

Methods: We studied 147 normal children (aged 6 months to 18 years) who had undergone CT as a diagnostic procedure. Measurements were performed on axial CT images that included the entire optic nerve of both eyes.

Influence of timing of initial surgery for infantile esotropia on the severity of dissociated vertical deviation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the timing of initial surgery for infantile esotropia contributes to better sensory outcomes and to the severity of dissociated vertical deviation (DVD).

Methods: This retrospective study examined 55 children, aged 8 years and younger, who underwent esotropia surgery. Based on age at the time of the surgery, patients were divided into the very early surgery group (birth to 8 months, N = 14), early surgery group (9-24 months, N = 23) and late surgery group (25 months and older, N = 18).

Modified method for assessment of the binocular fusional field in patients with suppression.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of a new system using a modified Goldmann perimeter and Bagolini striated glasses for quantitative assessment of the binocular fusional field (BFF) in patients with suppression.

Methods: The BFF was assessed quantitatively in ten normal patients aged 10 to 15 years by using a modified Goldmann perimeter equipped with a xenon light source. Subjective perception was elicited with the use of a crossed or single oblique streak through Bagolini striated glasses.