A Novel Combination of Zinc Oxide with Two Essential Oils Exerts Antimicrobial Effect against Endodontic Pathogens .

Aims And Objectives: Evaluating the antimicrobial efficacy of the novel combinations of zinc oxide mixed with ajwain oil (ZNOA) and combination of ajwain and eugenol (ZNOAE) vs conventionally used zinc oxide eugenol (ZNOE) against endodontic pathogens like and .

Materials And Methods: The pure cultures of (MTCC 443) and (MTCC 439) were revived and grown on selective cultural media. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the test materials were determined correspondingly through sequential dilution and agar well diffusion methods, as per Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines.

Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) Breast Cancer guidelines 2024.

Background: Developing guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of common cancers in China based on the evidence-based practice, the availability of diagnosis and treatment products, and the up-to-date advances in precision medicine is one of the basic tasks of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Breast Cancer (CSCO BC) Committee.

Methods: Protocols with high evidence level and good availability are used as the Level I recommendations; protocols with relatively high evidence level but slightly lower expert consensus or with poor availability are used as the Level II recommendations; and protocols that are clinically applicable but with low evidence level are regarded as the Level III recommendations. Based on the findings of clinical research at home and abroad and the opinions of CSCO BC experts, the CSCO BC guidelines determine the levels of recommendations for clinical application.

Electroacupuncture activates AMPKα1 to improve learning and memory in the APP/PS1 mouse model of early Alzheimer's disease by regulating hippocampal mitochondrial dynamics.

Objective: Studies have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) can alleviate cognitive impairments from Alzheimer's disease (AD) by regulating the expression of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), but the specific mechanism involved remains to be elucidated. Therefore, this study explores the potential mechanism by which EA improves cognitive function from the perspective of mitochondrial dynamics.

Methods: The four-month-old transgenic mice with amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) and AMPKα1-subunit conditional knockout (AMPKα1-cKO) were used for experiments.

Does Electroencephalography Seizure Duration Account for an Adequate Treatment of Magnetic Seizure Therapy for Schizophrenia?

Objectives: A seizure lasting >15 s has been considered to indicate treatment for magnetic seizure therapy (MST), a modification of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), without much validation. This study aimed to investigate whether this seizure duration was suitable for the treatment of schizophrenia.

Methods: Altogether, 34 and 33 in-patients with schizophrenia received 10 sessions of MST and ECT, respectively.

Association of race/ethnicity and insurance with survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in a large real-world cohort.

The large real-world EHR dataset Flatiron has shown that race was not significantly associated with poorer survival in patients with DLBCL. Medicaid insurance status was significantly associated with poorer overall survival and time to second-line therapy or death due to any cause in patients with DLBCL aged <65 years.

Enhancing Familial Hypercholesterolemia Detection in South Korea: A Targeted Screening Approach Integrating National Program and Genetic Cascade Screening.

Background And Objectives: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) increases the risk of premature cardiovascular disease through disrupted low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) metabolism. Although FH is a severe condition, it remains widely underdiagnosed, which can be attributed to barriers in genetic testing and a lack of awareness. This study aims to propose and evaluate a targeted screening program for FH in South Korea by integrating the General Health Screening Program (GHSP) with cascade genetic screening.

Integration of multiomics features for blood-based early detection of colorectal cancer.

Background: Early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) significantly enhances patient outcomes. Conventional CRC screening tools, like endoscopy and stool-based tests, have constraints due to their invasiveness or suboptimal patient adherence. Recently, liquid biopsy employing plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) has emerged as a potential noninvasive screening technique for various malignancies.

Single host plant species may harbour more than one species of - a case study on infecting .

The genus is the largest genus of the oomycetes, fungus-like members of the kingdom that also contains amoeboid (e.g., ) and plant-like (e.

Ticagrelor monotherapy in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: An individual patient-level meta-analysis from TICO and T-PASS trials.

Background: Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) tend to be excluded or under-represented in randomized clinical trials evaluating the effects of potent P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after short-term dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).

Methods: Individual patient data were pooled from randomized clinical trials that included STEMI patients undergoing drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation and compared ticagrelor monotherapy after short-term (≤3 months) DAPT versus ticagrelor-based 12-month DAPT in terms of centrally adjudicated clinical outcomes. The co-primary outcomes were efficacy outcome (composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and safety outcome (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or 5 bleeding) at 1 year.

Isolation, characterization, and genomic analysis of a lytic bacteriophage, PQ43W, with the potential of controlling bacterial wilt.

Bacterial wilt (BW) is a devastating plant disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium species complex (Rssc). Numerous efforts have been exerted to control BW, but effective, economical, and environmentally friendly approaches are still not available. Bacteriophages are a promising resource for the control of bacterial diseases, including BW.

RGS10 deficiency facilitates distant metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer.

Distant metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with breast cancer. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to breast cancer metastasis. Regulator of G protein-signaling (RGS) proteins modulates metastasis in various cancers.

Oral aged garlic () alleviates ulcerative colitis in mice by improving gut homeostasis.

Aged garlic, obtained by heating raw garlic () under high temperature and controlled humidity for a period, possesses a wide range of bioactivities, but its role in ulcerative colitis and its mechanism are not fully elucidated. We investigated the bioactive constituents in aged garlic (AG) and explored the effect of oral AG delivery on DSS-induced murine colitis. The results revealed that the aging process up-regulated anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial compounds such as dihydrocaffeic acid, 5-acetylsalicylic acid, verticine, -allyl-L-cysteine and D-fucose.

Comparative efficacy and safety of first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have become the preferred drugs for the treatment of chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This study aims to compare the safety and efficacy of different TKIs as first-line treatments for CML using network meta-analysis (NMA), providing a basis for the precise clinical use of TKIs.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Databases (VIP), SinoMed and ClinicalTrials.

Relationship Between Primary Care Physician Capacity and Usual Source of Care.

Background: The NASEM Primary Care Report and Primary Care scorecard highlighted the importance of primary care physician (PCP) capacity and having a usual source of care (USC). However, research has found that PCP capacity and USC do not always correlate. This exploratory study compares geographic patterns and the characteristics of counties with similar rates of PCP capacity but varying rates of USC.

Development of a biomarker-based platform for comprehensive skin characterization using minimally invasive skin sampling and quantitative real-time PCR.

Background: Classifying diverse skin types is crucial for promoting skin health. However, efficiently identifying and analyzing relevant biomarkers from a vast array of available genetic data is challenging. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a precise and efficient platform for analyzing specific skin biomarkers using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) with the minimal invasive skin sampling method (MISSM).

Thyroid hormone suppresses medulloblastoma progression through promoting terminal differentiation of tumor cells.

Hypothyroidism is commonly detected in patients with medulloblastoma (MB). However, whether thyroid hormone (TH) contributes to MB pathogenicity remains undetermined. Here, we find that TH plays a critical role in promoting tumor cell differentiation.

Time-Resolved Inspection of Ionizable Lipid-Facilitated Lipid Nanoparticle Disintegration and Cargo Release at an Early Endosomal Membrane Mimic.

Advances in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) design have contributed notably to the emergence of the current clinically approved mRNA-based vaccines and are of high relevance for delivering mRNA to combat diseases where therapeutic alternatives are sparse. LNP-assisted mRNA delivery utilizes ionizable lipid-mediated cargo translocation across the endosomal membrane driven by the acidification of the endosomal environment. However, this process occurs at a low efficiency, a few percent at the best.

Chemical Coaxing of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Drug Repositioning for Nestin Induction.

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) display heterogeneity in origin and functional role in tissue homeostasis. Subsets of MSCs derived from the neural crest express nestin and serve as niches in bone marrow, but the possibility of coaxing MSCs into nestin-expresing cells for enhanced supportive activity is unclear. In this study, as an approach to the chemical coaxing of MSC functions, we screened libraries of clinically approved chemicals to identify compounds capable of inducing nestin expression in MSCs.

Enhancing homology-directed repair efficiency with HDR-boosting modular ssDNA donor.

Despite the potential of small molecules and recombinant proteins to enhance the efficiency of homology-directed repair (HDR), single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) donors, as currently designed and chemically modified, remain suboptimal for precise gene editing. Here, we screen the biased ssDNA binding sequences of DNA repair-related proteins and engineer RAD51-preferred sequences into HDR-boosting modules for ssDNA donors. Donors with these modules exhibit an augmented affinity for RAD51, thereby enhancing HDR efficiency across various genomic loci and cell types when cooperated with Cas9, nCas9, and Cas12a.

Using exploratory pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses to predict the probability of flu-like symptoms in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic hepatitis B treated with the toll-like receptor 7 agonist ruzotolimod.

Ruzotolimod (Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist, RG7854) is an oral, small molecule immuno-modulator activating the TLR 7 and is being evaluated in patients with CHB. As with other TLR7 agonists, the study drug-related adverse events of flu-like symptoms have been reported in some participants during phase I studies with ruzotolimod. An exploratory analysis of the relationship between pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) and flu-like symptoms was performed in participants from two phase I studies including both healthy volunteers and NUC-suppressed CHB patients who received either single or multiple ascending doses of orally administered ruzotolimod.

Adaptive loss-guided multi-stage residual ASPP for lesion segmentation and disease detection in cucumber under complex backgrounds.

Background: In complex agricultural environments, the presence of shadows, leaf debris, and uneven illumination can hinder the performance of leaf segmentation models for cucumber disease detection. This is further exacerbated by the imbalance in pixel ratios between background and lesion areas, which affects the accuracy of lesion extraction.

Results: An original image segmentation framework, the LS-ASPP model, which utilizes a two-stage Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) approach combined with adaptive loss to address these challenges has been proposed.