Airway pressures generated by high flow nasal cannula in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: a computational study.

Introduction And Objectives: High flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is an increasingly popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support for the treatment of patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF). Previous experimental studies in healthy subjects have established that HFNC generates flow-dependent positive airway pressures, but no data is available on the levels of mean airway pressure (mP) or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) generated by HFNC therapy in AHRF patients. We aimed to estimate the airway pressures generated by HFNC at different flow rates in patients with AHRF, whose functional lung volume may be significantly reduced compared to healthy subjects due to alveolar consolidation and/or collapse.

The influence of sintering of osteoporotic vertebral fractures on the sagittal lumbar profile and degenerative changes.

Background: Osteoporosis, a skeletal disorder affecting nearly 20% of the global population, poses a significant health concern, with osteoporotic vertebral body fractures (VBF) representing a common clinical manifestation. The impact of osteoporotic sintering fractures in the thoracolumbar spine on the sagittal lumbar profile is incompletely understood and may lead to the onset of clinical symptoms in previously asymptomatic patients.

Methods: This retrospective single-center study analyzed data from patients presenting with osteoporotic spine fractures between 2017 and 2022.

Inborn errors of immunity (primary immunodeficiencies).

Primary immunodeficiencies (PID), now often referred to as inborn errors of immunity (IEI), are a large heterogeneous group of disorders that result from deficiencies in immune system development and/or function. IEIs can be broadly classified as disorders of adaptive immunity (e.g.

Near-infrared spectroscopy combined with vascular occlusion test to predict acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a prospective observational study.

Background: Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) enables a non-invasive measurement of tissue oxygen saturation (StO) in regions illuminated by near-infrared lights. Vascular occlusion test (VOT) serves as a model to artificially induce forearm ischemia-reperfusion. The combination of StO monitoring and VOT allows for dynamic evaluation of the balance between oxygen delivery and consumption in tissue, as well as the functional reserve of microcirculation.

Exploring the role of splicing in TP53 variant pathogenicity through predictions and minigene assays.

Background: TP53 variant classification benefits from the availability of large-scale functional data for missense variants generated using cDNA-based assays. However, absence of comprehensive splicing assay data for TP53 confounds the classification of the subset of predicted missense and synonymous variants that are also predicted to alter splicing. Our study aimed to generate and apply splicing assay data for a prioritised group of 59 TP53 predicted missense or synonymous variants that are also predicted to affect splicing by either SpliceAI or MaxEntScan.

Implant failure of the Compress prosthesis: a case report.

Background: The Compress is designed to achieve bone formation and stability by applying pressure at the bone-implant interface, minimizing the likelihood of aseptic loosening, which is a complication of stem implants. Herein, we report two cases of implant failure using the Compress.

Case Presentation: Case 1 describes a 36 year-old Japanese man who underwent extraarticular tumor resection, Compress arthroplasty, and reconstruction with a gastrocnemius flap after preoperative chemotherapy for a secondary malignant giant cell tumor in the right distal femur.

Triglyceride-independent associations between circulating levels of apolipoprotein C-III and biomarkers of inflammation.

Backgrounds And Aims: Preclinical studies suggest that a triglyceride (TG)-independent proinflammatory action of apolipoprotein C-III (apoCIII) exists. We aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating apoCIII levels and subclinical inflammation markers across different cohorts with distinctive inflammatory patterns: patients with metabolic disorders (MDs), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and controls. Specifically, we assessed the associations of apoCIII with acute inflammation biomarkers (e.

Genetically engineered biomimetic ATP-responsive nanozyme for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.

Background: Cardiac fibrosis plays a critical role in the progression of various forms of heart disease, significantly increasing the risk of sudden cardiac death. However, currently, there are no therapeutic strategies available to prevent the onset of cardiac fibrosis.

Methods And Results: Here, biomimetic ATP-responsive nanozymes based on genetically engineered cell membranes are adapted to specifically recognize activated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) for the treatment of cardiac fibrosis.

CASP5 associated with PANoptosis promotes tumorigenesis and progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a globally severe cancer with an unfavorable prognosis. PANoptosis, a form of cell death regulated by PANoptosomes, plays a role in numerous cancer types. However, the specific roles of genes associated with PANoptosis in the development and advancement of ccRCC remain unclear.

Relationship between CTF1 gene expression and prognosis and tumor immune microenvironment in glioma.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate CTF1 expression in glioma, its relationship to patient prognosis and the tumor immune microenvironment, and effects on glioma phenotypes to identify a new therapeutic target for treating glioma precisely.

Methods: We initially assessed the expression of CTF1, a member of the IL-6 family, in glioma, using bioinformatics tools and publicly available databases. Furthermore, we examined the correlation between CTF1 expression and tumor prognosis, DNA methylation patterns, m6A-related genes, potential biological functions, the immune microenvironment, and genes associated with immune checkpoints.

SNX30 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and induces cell ferroptosis through regulating SETDB1.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common form of lung cancer and one of the most life-threatening malignant tumors. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent regulatory cell death pathway that is crucial for tumor growth. SNX30 is a key regulatory factor in cardiac development; however, its regulatory mechanism and role in inducing ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear.

A pathway for nurses from work strain to anger: mediation of social intelligence.

Background: This study aimed to determine the mediating role of social intelligence in the effect of nurses' work-related strain on trait anger and anger expressions. The challenging working conditions for nurses often result in increased strain and anger. Social intelligence could help to manage anger.

Chemerin-9 is neuroprotective in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting microglial clearance of Aβ.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, and microglia are thought to play a central role in neuroinflammatory events occurring in AD. Chemerin, an adipokine, has been implicated in inflammatory diseases and central nervous system disorders, yet its precise function on microglial response in AD remains unknown.

Methods: The APP/PS1 mice were treated with different dosages of chemerin-9 (30 and 60 µg/kg), a bioactive nonapeptide derived from chemerin, every other day for 8 weeks consecutively.

Enhanced recovery after surgery protocol optimizes results and cost of laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) strategy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients undergoing laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (LRNU).

Methods: 90 patients who received LRNU at Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between January 2018 and July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 43 in the ERAS group and 47 in the pre-ERAS group. The clinical features, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), and hospital expenditures of the two groups were compared via t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Chi-square test.

Ultrafast enzyme-responsive hydrogel for real-time assessment and treatment optimization in infected wounds.

Monitoring wound infection and providing appropriate treatment are crucial for achieving favorable outcomes. However, the time-consuming nature of laboratory culture tests may delay timely intervention. To tackle this challenge, a simple yet effective HDG hydrogel, composed of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), dopamine, and GelMA polymer, is developed for the ultrafast detection and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) infections.

Limited restoration of T cell subset distribution and immune function in older people living with HIV-1 receiving HAART.

Background: Older people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) experience a dual burden from the combined effects of aging and HIV-1 infection, resulting in significant immune dysfunction. Despite receiving HAART, immune reconstitution is not fully optimized. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of aging and HAART on T cell subsets and function in PLWH across different age groups, thereby providing novel insights into the prognosis of older PLWH.

Staphylococcus aureus vesicles impair cutaneous wound healing through p38 MAPK-MerTK cleavage-mediated inhibition of macrophage efferocytosis.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus, a known contributor to non-healing wounds, releases vesicles (SAVs) that influence the delicate balance of host-pathogen interactions. Efferocytosis, a process by which macrophages clear apoptotic cells, plays a key role in successful wound healing. However, the precise impact of SAVs on wound repair and efferocytosis remains unknown.

Phage therapy as an alternative strategy for oral bacterial infections: a systematic review.

Background: Oral infectious diseases, such as dental caries, periodontitis and periapical periodontitis, are often complicated by causative bacterial biofilm formation and significantly impact human oral health and quality of life. Bacteriophage (phage) therapy has emerged as a potential alternative with successful applications in antimicrobial trials. While therapeutic use of phages has been considered as effective treatment of some infectious diseases, related research focusing on oral infectious diseases is few and lacks attention.

Pyopericardium with cardiac tamponade caused by pyogenic liver abscess: a case report.

Introduction: Purulent bacterial pericarditis is a potentially fatal disease with mortality rates reaching 100% if left untreated.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 33-year-old Caucasian male patient who developed cardiac tamponade, most likely caused by a pyogenic liver abscess communicating with the pericardium. Treatment with antibiotics, extended sepsis therapy, and drainage of the abscess led to a full recovery.

Intra-tumoral sphingobacterium multivorum promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression by suppressing tumor immunosurveillance.

Background: Intratumor-resident bacteria represent an integral component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Microbial dysbiosis, which refers to an imbalance in the bacterial composition and bacterial metabolic activities, plays an important role in regulating breast cancer development and progression. However, the impact of specific intratumor-resident bacteria on tumor progression and their underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Inflammatory markers link triglyceride-glucose index and obesity indicators with adverse cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension: insights from three cohorts.

Background: Among hypertensive cohorts across different nations, the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its conjunction with obesity metrics in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality remains to be elucidated.

Methods: This study enrolled 9,283, 164,357, and 5,334 hypertensives from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), UK Biobank (UKBB), and Shanghai Pudong cohort. The related outcomes for CVD were defined by multivariate Cox proportional hazards models, Generalized Additive Models and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Incidence of postoperative pain after single-visit and multiple-visit root canal therapy: a systematic review.

AIM- The objective of the systematic review is to evaluate the incidence of postoperative pain after single-visit and multiple-visit root canal therapy. METHODS- Published research indexed in PubMed or Scopus or Cochrane or DOAJ or Web of Science evaluating the frequency percentage of postoperative aching after one and several root canal therapy appointments through randomized controlled trials or prospectively were included. RESULT- Most surveys utilized VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) to estimate the degree of pain among the participants.