Composite bioreactor for synergistic Modulation of tumor microenvironment and endogenous Regulation of ROS generation to enhance chemodynamic therapy for lung cancer.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is characterized by several key features, including hypoxia, elevated levels of hydrogen peroxide (HO), high concentrations of glutathione (GSH), and an acidic pH. Recent research has increasingly focused on harnessing or targeting these characteristics for effective cancer therapy. In this study, we developed an innovative composite bio-reactor that integrates genetically engineered bacteria with upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and nano-copper manganese materials for lung cancer treatment.

Serum klotho associated with thyroid hormone in adults: A population-based cross-sectional research.

Background And Study Aim: The klotho protein, a multifunctional protein, has been shown to be associated with a wide range of endocrine diseases and has been linked to thyroid tumourigenesis. However, the relationship between serum klotho levels and thyroid hormones remains poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the correlation between serum klotho levels and thyroid hormones.

Chloroform associated with bone mineral density and bone mineral content in adults: A population-based cross-sectional research.

Background: Bone mineral density is an important indicator of osteoporosis, and its variation with volatile organic compounds exposure has rarely been studied. However, the relationship between chloroform (an essential volatile organic compounds component) and bone mineral density remains unclear. Consequently, we aimed to explore the relationship between chloroform alone and bone mineral density or bone mineral content.

Association between serum heavy metal levels and diabetic retinopathy in NHANES 2011-2020.

The present study utilized the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to examine the relationship between serum levels of heavy metals and Diabetic retinopathy (DR) in individuals aged over 30 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 1583 individuals with T2DM from the NHANES 2011-2020, including 331 individuals in the DR group and 1252 individuals in the non-DR group. We collected data on serum levels of heavy metals, DR, and serum albumin for descriptive statistics, linear regression, and logistical regression analysis.

Mouse islet-derived stellate cells are similar to, but distinct from, mesenchymal stromal cells and influence the beta cell function.

Aims: Evidence is accumulating of the therapeutic benefits of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in diabetes-related conditions. We have identified a novel population of stromal cells within islets of Langerhans - islet stellate cells (ISCs) - which have a similar morphology to MSCs. In this study we characterize mouse ISCs and compare their morphology and function to MSCs to determine whether ISCs may also have therapeutic potential in diabetes.

Effect of metformin on Wnt5a in individuals new-onset type 2 diabetes with different body mass indexes: The evidences from the real word research.

Aim: Metformin is a first-line therapy for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), due to its inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Wingless family member 5a (Wnt5a) was significantly decreased in newly diagnosed T2DM patients and regulates secretion of β cells through the Wnt/calcium signalling cascades. This study aims to investigate how metformin works on glucose-lowering effects in diabetes and whether the mechanism underlying it is associated with Wnt5a.

Relationship between body fat ratio and inflammatory markers in a Chinese population of adult male smokers.

Objective: To explore the correlation between changes in the body fat ratio (BFR) and peripheral blood inflammatory markers according to smoking status in the adult Chinese male population.

Methods: A total of 865 participants (aged 20-70 years) were included. All participants underwent a physical health examination at Xiguzhou Central Hospital between October 2015 and July 2016, including measurements of body mass index (BMI), BFR, white blood cell [WBC] count, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio [NLR].

Integrating network analysis and pharmacokinetics to investigate the mechanisms of Danzhi Tiaozhi Decoction in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Based on ancient classics, Danzhi Tiaozhi Decoction has been successfully used to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease for decades. However, its therapeutic mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Danzhi Tiaozhi Decoction (DZTZD) on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on insulin secretion index and serum Wnt5a protein in patients with new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Previous studies have found that wnt5a promotes β-cell insulin secretion and reduced concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. GLP-1RA (Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists) can regulate insulin secretion. However, the evidence that GLP-1RA affect insulin secretion through the Wnt5a is inconclusive.

Identification of gene signatures associated with ulcerative colitis and the association with immune infiltrates in colon cancer.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease, are some of the most common inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The dysfunction of the immune system in the intestines is suggested to be the underlying cause of the pathogenesis of UC. However, the mechanisms regulating these dysfunctional immune cells and inflammatory phenotypes are still unclear.

Association between serum gamma glutamyl transferase and fasting blood glucose in Chinese people: A 6-year follow-up study.

Aims/introduction: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationships between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) during a 6-year follow-up study of participants, and to determine whether GGT is a risk factor for FBG.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,369 individuals from the health examination survey in the urban area of Xuzhou, central China, were followed up for 6 years. The patients were divided into four groups based on their baseline GGT levels (in quartiles).

PRKAA1, stabilized by FTO in an m6A-YTHDF2-dependent manner, promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis of gastric cancer by regulating the redox balance.

Gastric carcinoma (GC) is the fourth most common malignancy worldwide and the second cause of death of all malignancies worldwide. AMPK catalytic subunit α1 (PRKAA1) is involved in various types of cancer and PRKAA1 knockdown significantly decreased the invasiveness of GC cells. Fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO)-regulation of m6A has been shown to be involved in different diseases including cancer.

Perilipin 2 Protects against Lipotoxicity-Induced Islet Fibrosis by Inducing Islet Stellate Cell Activation Phenotype Changes.

Aims: We explored whether and how perilipin 2 () protected islets against lipotoxicity-induced islet dysfunction by regulating islet stellate cells (ISCs) activation.

Methods: Six-week-old male rats were given a high-fat diet or a control diet for 28 weeks. Glucose metabolic phenotypes were assessed using glucose/insulin tolerance tests, masson, and immunohistochemical staining.

Vitamin A and Its Multi-Effects on Pancreas: Recent Advances and Prospects.

Vitamin A (VA), which is stored in several forms in most tissues, is required to maintain metabolite homeostasis and other processes, including the visual cycle, energy balance, epithelial cell integrity, and infection resistance. In recent years, VA molecules, also known as retinoids, have been extensively explored and used in the treatment of skin disorders and immune-related tumors. To date, several observational and interventional studies have explored the relationship between VA status and the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Interaction between the rs9356744 polymorphism and metabolic risk factors in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus: The Cardiometabolic Risk in Chinese (CRC) Study.

The understanding of the genetic basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has progressed rapidly, but the interactions among common genetic variants and metabolic risk factors have not been systematically investigated in studies with adequate statistical power. Therefore, we aimed to quantify the combined effects of genetic and metabolic environments on the risk of T2DM. Obesity is emerging as an independent risk factor for T2DM and arterial stiffness.

Association of the CDKAL1 polymorphism rs10946398 with type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults: A meta-analysis.

Previous studies had reported that the CDKAL1 (cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) regulatory subunit-associated protein 1-like 1) rs10946398 C/A polymorphism associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in various ethnic groups, however, inconsistent results have been obtained in studies of different populations.We performed a meta-analysis of 13 studies for rs10946398 of CDKAL1 on genetic susceptibility for T2DM.The results showed that CDKAL1 rs10946398 C/A polymorphism associated with T2DM under allelic (odds risk (OR): 1.

Pancreatic Fat is not significantly correlated with β-cell Dysfunction in Patients with new-onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using quantitative Computed Tomography.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic condition resulting from insulin resistance and insufficient β-cell secretion, leading to improper glycaemic regulation. Previous studies have found that excessive fat deposits in organs such as the liver and muscle can cause insulin resistance through lipotoxicity that affects β-cell function. The relationships between fat deposits in pancreatic tissue, the function of β-cells, the method of visceral fat evaluation and T2DM have been sought by researchers.

Evaluation of the associations of body height with blood pressure and early-stage atherosclerosis in Chinese adults.

Body height has been recently related to the risk of coronary heart disease and metabolic risk factors. However, data are scarce regarding the relationship between body height and early-stage atherosclerotic changes, especially in Chinese individuals. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively examine the associations of body height with early-stage atherosclerosis and blood pressure in Chinese adults.

Islet Stellate Cells Regulate Insulin Secretion via Wnt5a in Min6 Cells.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a serious public health problem worldwide. Accumulating evidence has shown that -cell dysfunction is an important mechanism underlying diabetes mellitus. The changes in the physiological state of islet stellate cells (ISCs) and the effects of these cells on -cell dysfunction is an important mechanism underlying diabetes mellitus.

Adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism.

Aims: To assess the prevalence and risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with abnormal glucose metabolism.

Methods: 3269 Chinese pregnant women with singleton delivery were studied, including 787 diagnosed as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), 115 pregnancy with diabetes (PWD), and 2367 normal glucose tolerance (NGT). The prevalence and risk of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes were compared and assessed among the three groups, and the related risk factors of the glucose metabolism for adverse pregnancy outcomes were evaluated by binary logistic regression.

Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5a: a novel biomarker regulated in type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic kidney disease.

Objectives: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is sustained by insulin resistance (IR) and reduced β-cell mass, which is largely due to insulin secretory dysfunction. Wnt5a protein is essential to islet formation and β-cell migration in the development of pancreas in vertebrates. Levels of the Wnt5a protein antagonist plasma secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (Sfrp5) were elevated in patients with T2DM.

Corrigendum to "Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family Member 5a Is a Key Secreted Islet Stellate Cell-Derived Product that Regulates Islet Function".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/7870109.].

Wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5a is a key inhibitor of islet stellate cells activation.

Aims/introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by islet β-cell dysfunction, which might result from the activation of islet stellate cells (ISCs). Our recent study showed that a specific population of ISCs is prone to be activated in type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied by reduced secretion of insulin. The wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5a (Wnt5a)/frizzled-5 signaling pathway might play an important role in this process.

Wingless-Type MMTV Integration Site Family Member 5a Is a Key Secreted Islet Stellate Cell-Derived Product that Regulates Islet Function.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that T2DM is attributable to the dysfunction of -cells and the activation of islet stellate cells (ISCs). The wingless-type MMTV integration site family member 5a (Wnt5a)/frizzled 5 (Fzd5) signalling pathway might take part in this process. Our study is aimed at defining the status of ISCs during -cell insulin secretion homeostasis by determining the role of the Wnt5a protein in the regulation of insulin production.

Comparison of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors and pioglitazone combination therapy versus pioglitazone monotherapy in type 2 diabetes: A system review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and pioglitazone combination therapy have been widely used for patients with inadequate glycemic control on monotherapy. This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy and safety of this combination therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We searched the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases.