Efficacy and safety of cinepazide maleate injection in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Thrombolytic therapy improves disability and survival rates; however, to be effective, it must be given within 4.5 h of onset.

Recovery from prolonged disorders of consciousness: A dual-center prospective cohort study in China.

Background: Recent innovations in intensive care have improved the prognosis of patients with severe brain injuries and brought more patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). Data are lacking regarding the long-term outcomes of those patients in China. It is necessary to study the long-term outcomes of patients with prolonged DoC in light of many factors likely to influence crucial decisions about their care and their life.

Stereo-crossed ablation guided by stereoelectroencephalography for epilepsy: comprehensive coagulations a network of multi-electrodes.

Background: Introducing multiple different stereoelectroencephalography electrodes in a three-dimensional (3D) network to create a 3D-lesioning field or stereo-crossed radiofrequency thermocoagulation (scRF-TC) might create larger lesioning size; however, this has not been quantified to date. This study aimed to quantify the configurations essential for scRF-TC.

Methods: By using polyacrylamide gel (PAG), we investigated the effect of electrode conformation (angled/parallel/multiple edges) and electrode distance of creating an electrode network.

Safety and Efficacy of 630-nm Red Light on Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Study.

Studies have shown that excess formaldehyde accumulation in the brain accelerates cognitive decline in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recently, reports from our research team revealed that red light treatment (RLT) improved memory in AD mice by activating formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) and thus reducing formaldehyde levels. Here, we developed a medical RLT device to investigate the safety and efficacy of this device in older adults with mild to moderate AD.

Risk factors assessment in patients with acute fatty liver of pregnancy treated without plasma exchange or renal replacement therapy.

Objective: Acute fatty liver of pregnancy(AFLP) is a rare but very urgent obstetric disease in clinical. It is a common cause of liver failure in pregnancy and often needs to be admitted to the department of critical care medicine because of the rapid development of acute hepatic dysfunction and severe acute renal dysfunction. The etiology and pathogenesis of this disorder is not very clear although there have been many studies on it before.

[Diagnostic Value of Transbronchial Ultrasound-guided Needle Aspiration Biopsy in the Diagnosis of Small Cell Lung Cancer and Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].

Background: As a new technique developed in recent years, endobronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) has the advantages of simple operation, minimal invasive, high accuracy, safety and repeatability. It has become a new standard for lung cancer diagnosis and mediastinal staging. Because small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have different biological characteristics and treatment methods, it is very important to diagnose and differentiate the types of lung cancer in the early stage of lung cancer for the staging, treatment and prognosis of lung cancer.

Impaired Parahippocampal Gyrus-Orbitofrontal Cortex Circuit Associated with Visuospatial Memory Deficit as a Potential Biomarker and Interventional Approach for Alzheimer Disease.

The parahippocampal gyrus-orbitofrontal cortex (PHG-OFC) circuit in humans is homologous to the postrhinal cortex (POR)-ventral lateral orbitofrontal cortex (vlOFC) circuit in rodents. Both are associated with visuospatial malfunctions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

Tripartite motif 10 regulates cardiac hypertrophy by targeting the PTEN/AKT pathway.

The pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy is tightly associated with activation of intracellular hypertrophic signalling pathways, which leads to the synthesis of various proteins. Tripartite motif 10 (TRIM10) is an E3 ligase with important functions in protein quality control. However, its role in cardiac hypertrophy was unclear.

Interleukin-1β Regulates Lipid Homeostasis in Human Glomerular Mesangial Cells.

Background: Recent studies have shown that hyperlipidemia is closely related to the progression of kidney disease and glomerulosclerosis has similar pathophysiological mechanisms with atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is essentially a chronic inflammatory process and various kidney diseases are characterized by a micro-inflammatory state. Hyperlipidemia levels are not parallel to the degree of glomerulosclerosis, inflammatory factors together with lipids may contribute to the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis.

HNRNPA1-induced spliceopathy in a transgenic mouse model of myotonic dystrophy.

Studies on myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) have led to the RNA-mediated disease model for hereditary disorders caused by noncoding microsatellite expansions. This model proposes that DM1 disease manifestations are caused by a reversion to fetal RNA processing patterns in adult tissues due to the expression of toxic CUG RNA expansions (CUG) leading to decreased muscleblind-like, but increased CUGBP1/ETR3-like factor 1 (CELF1), alternative splicing activities. Here, we test this model in vivo, using the mouse poly(CUG) model for DM1 and recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated transduction of specific splicing factors.

Neuroprotective Effects of Selective Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase 3 in Experimental Stroke.

Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been implicated as neurotoxic in several neurodegenerative conditions. However, the role of HDAC3 in ischemic stroke has not been thoroughly explored. We tested the hypothesis that selective inhibition of HDAC3 after stroke affords neuroprotection.

The Effect of Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion on Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in a Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model (PS1V97L).

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) can restrict the therapeutic effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) medications. While a large number of AD drug treatment trials targeting BBB dynamics have emerged, most have failed due to insufficient permeability. Furthermore, a subset of AD cases, which also feature chronic hypoperfusion are complicated by BBB deficits.

Safety and Efficacy of Donepezil 10 mg/day in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Efficacy and dose-effect relationship of donepezil for treating patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been proven. However, few studies focused on the safety of donepezil, particularly in Chinese patients.

Objective: To assess the safety of donepezil 10 mg/day in Chinese patients with mild-to-moderate AD.

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase II Study of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in the Treatment of Critical Limb Ischemia.

NL003 is a plasmid engineered to simultaneously express two isoforms of hepatocyte growth factor. This phase II study was performed to assess the clinical safety and efficacy of intramuscular injection of NL003 in critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients for 6 months. Two hundred patients (Rutherford scale 4-5) were randomly assigned: placebo (n = 50), low-dose NL003 (n = 50), middle-dose NL003 (n = 50), or high-dose NL003 (n = 50).

Motor Neurons Pathology After Chronic Exposure to MPTP in Mice.

The neurotoxin 1-methyl,4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropiridine (MPTP) is widely used to produce experimental parkinsonism in rodents and primates. Among different administration protocols, continuous or chronic exposure to small amounts of MPTP is reported to better mimic cell pathology reminiscent of Parkinson's disease (PD). Catecholamine neurons are the most sensitive to MPTP neurotoxicity; however, recent studies have found that MPTP alters the fine anatomy of the spinal cord including motor neurons, thus overlapping again with the spinal cord involvement documented in PD.

RNF34 overexpression exacerbates neurological deficits and brain injury in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage by potentiating mitochondrial dysfunction-mediated oxidative stress.

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a common neurological condition associated with high disability and mortality. Alterations in protein ubiquitination have emerged as a key mechanism in the pathogenesis of neurological diseases. Here, we investigated the effects of the E3 ubiquitin ligase ring finger protein 34 (RNF34) on neurological deficits and brain injury in ICH mice.

MicroRNA-146a protects against intracerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA-146a (miR-146a) in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and to further assess its underlying mechanism. An ICH rat model was established in the current study and 1 h following ICH induction, rats were treated with or without an miR-146a mimic. A total of 3 days following ICH induction, rat neurological score, brain water content and neuronal apoptosis were measured via flow cytometry.

Decellularization, cross-linking and heparin immobilization of porcine carotid arteries for tissue engineering vascular grafts.

Tissue engineering vascular grafts (TEVGs) have the potential to replace small-diameter grafts in bypass surgery which is good news for patients with cardiovascular disease. Decellularized arteries can be ideal TEVGs because their natural three-dimensional structures support the migration of host cells and vascular remodeling. There are many methods for decellularization without a standard protocol.

APACHE IV Score is Useful For Assessment and Stratification of Elderly Patients Over 65 Years With Acute Cholecystitis.

Purpose: One of the main problems concerning the design of clinical trials in critically ill patients with acute cholecystitis (AC) is the lack of validated, well-established scoring systems to stratify the severity of patient disease states. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV (APACHE IV) scoring system in patients over 65 years with AC.

Methods: All patients over 65 years of age admitted to our hospital for treatment of AC in the intensive care unit between January 2013 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.

Influence of dry weight reduction on anemia in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Objective: Volume load in patients undergoing hemodialysis correlates with renal anemia, with reductions in volume load significantly improving hemoglobin levels. We performed a prospective controlled study to assess the effect of post-dialysis dry weight reduction, resulting from the gradual enhancement of ultrafiltration, on renal anemia in this patient population.

Methods: Sixty-four patients with renal anemia on maintenance hemodialysis were randomized to an ultrafiltration group, in which dry weight was gradually reduced by slightly increasing the ultrafiltration volume while maintaining routine hemodialysis, and a control group, in which patients underwent conventional dialysis while routine ultrafiltration was maintained.

Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDCS) of urinary bladder with coexisting urothelial carcinoma-a case report.

Background: Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma is a very rare bladder tumor with very few cases that have been reported in the English literature.

Case Presentation: We report an unusual case of follicular dendritic cell sarcoma that is coexistent with urothelial carcinoma (UC) in the urinary bladder of a 73-year-old man, who first presented with lower abdominal pain. Microscopic examination of the first transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) sample showed a neoplasm containing spindle or ovoid-shaped cells that were arranged in storiform, nested or swirling patterns.

Adult-onset vanishing white matter disease with the EIF2B2 gene mutation presenting as menometrorrhagia.

Background: Vanishing white matter disease (VWMD) is one of the most prevalent inherited leukoencephalopathies, which generally presents in childhood as a progressive disorder while less beginning in adulthood. The present report describes the clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic findings of a female patient with adult-onset VWMD. In addition, to provide a clearer delineation of the clinical and genetic characteristics of female adult-onset VWMD patients, 32 genetically confirmed female adult-onset EIF2B-mutated cases are summarized.

mRNA expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 and components of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/phosphatase and tensin homolog pathway in epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and the mutation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lung adenocarcinoma, as well as the correlation between the clinical features of patients and mRNA levels of PD-L1 and components of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT)/phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) pathways.

Methods: mRNA levels of PD-L1, PI3K, AKT, and PTEN in tumor and matched normal tissues of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Twenty-three patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled, and 46 samples (23 pairs of tumor and matched normal lung tissues) were collected.