Minimally invasive surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a multicenter retrospective analysis of 158 patients.

Background: Curative resection of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HC) is typically carried out using open surgery. In the present study, we examined the safety (postoperative complication) and effectiveness (resection margin status and patient survival) of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for HC.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 158 patients receiving MIS for HC at 10 participating centers between December 2013 and November 2019.

Selective protein complexation and coacervation by polyelectrolytes.

This review discusses the possible relationship between protein charge anisotropy, protein binding affinity, polymer structure, and selective phase separation. We hope that a fundamental understanding of primarily electrostatically driven protein-polyelectrolyte (PE) interactions can enable the prediction of selective protein binding, and hence selective coacervation through non-specific electrostatics. Such research will partially challenge the assumption that specific binding has to be realized through specific binding sites with a variety of short-range interactions and some geometric match.