[HVPG minimally invasive era: exploration based on forearm venous approach].

The transjugular or transfemoral approach is used as a common method for hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement in current practice. This study aims to confirm the safety and effectiveness of measuring HVPG via the forearm venous approach. Prospective recruitment was conducted for patients with cirrhosis who underwent HVPG measurement via the forearm venous approach at six hospitals in China and Japan from September 2020 to December 2020.

Identification of osteoarthritis-characteristic genes and immunological micro-environment features through bioinformatics and machine learning-based approaches.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifaceted chronic joint disease characterized by complex mechanisms. It has a detrimental impact on the quality of life for individuals in the middle-aged and elderly population while also imposing a significant socioeconomic burden. At present, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the pathophysiology of OA.

Clear cell "sugar" tumor of the lung: Diagnostic characteristics of a rare pulmonary tumor: A case report and review of literature.

Introduction: Clear cell tumors of the lung (CCTLs), also known as "sugar tumors" for an abundant cellular glycogen concentration, are an extremely rare type pulmonary neoplasm. Often, they are incidentally found on chest roentgenogram or computed tomography scan during routine examination. CCTLs usually present with nonspecific symptoms that pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians.

PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors in combination vs. alone for the treatment of advanced melanoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Metastatic melanoma treatment has drastically changed during the past decade with the advent of immunotherapy. We conducted a meta-analysis, to assess PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitors in combination vs. alone for the treatment of advanced melanoma.

The relationship between changes in vitamin A, vitamin E, and oxidative stress levels, and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common complications during pregnancy. This study aims to analyze the relationship between the changes in vitamin A, vitamin E, and oxidative stress levels, and pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients.

Methods: A total of 104 GDM patients admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and January 2019 were selected as the study group, and 126 pregnant women who received healthy examinations in the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.

A rare coexistence of parathyroid adenoma and medullary and papillary thyroid carcinoma.

The combination of parathyroid adenoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been reported occasionally, but it has now been recognized more often through effective evaluations. However, the etiology and risk factors remain unclear, so we discuss them in this article. Here, we report the case of a 64-year-old woman with parathyroid adenoma, MTC, and PTC diagnosed incidentally.

Diabetes Mellitus Is Associated with a Lower Risk of Gout: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.

Aims: Although several epidemiological studies have investigated the relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and the risk of gout, the results are inconsistent. Therefore, we systematically retrospected available observational studies to clarify the impact of DM on the risk of gout.

Methods: Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for relevant articles from inception to 2 March 2020.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the spleen: a case report and review of the literature.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the spleen (IMTS) is an extremely rare, intermediate malignant tumor with unclear etiology, and is most frequently detected incidentally. IMTS presents with nonspecific symptoms that pose a diagnostic challenge to clinicians or presents with the similar appearances to splenetic malignant neoplasms that pose a misdiagnose prior to surgery. Histopathology of the resected specimen remains the gold standard for diagnosing these rare splenic tumors.

Effects of preoperative bromocriptine treatment on prolactin-secreting pituitary adenoma surgery.

Pituitary adenomas are benign intracranial endocrine tumors, accounting for ~10% of intracranial tumors. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of preoperative treatment with bromocriptine on the surgical treatment and postoperative complications of prolactin-secreting pituitary adenomas (prolactinomas). Data from 102 patients whose prolactinomas were surgically treated between March 2006 and March 2010 were retrospectively reviewed in the present study.

Soluble CD40 ligands sensitize the epithelial ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment.

Objective: CD154 (CD40L) is a protein that is primarily expressed on activated T cells and is a member of the TNF superfamily of molecules. It binds to CD40 on antigen-presenting cells (APC), which leads to many effects depending on the target cell type. Being an activator of immune cells, CD40L has also been shown to directly induce apoptosis in tumor cells by multiple mechanisms.

The hypoxia-mimetic agent CoCl₂ induces chemotherapy resistance in LOVO colorectal cancer cells.

Hypoxia, which is an important factor that mediates tumor progression and poor treatment response, is particularly associated with tumor chemoresistance. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced colorectal cancer chemoresistance remain unclear. The present study aimed to explore the mechanism underlying hypoxia‑induced chemotherapy resistance in LOVO colorectal cancer cells.

Propofol injection combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation better improves electrophysiological function in the hindlimb of rats with spinal cord injury than monotherapy.

The repair effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on nervous system damage are not satisfactory. Propofol has been shown to protect against spinal cord injury. Therefore, this study sought to explore the therapeutic effects of their combination on spinal cord injury.