Alpine and subalpine plant microbiome mediated plants adapt to the cold environment: A systematic review.

With global climate change, ecosystems are affected, some of which are more vulnerable than others, such as alpine ecosystems. Microbes play an important role in environmental change in global ecosystems. Plants and microbes are tightly associated, and symbiotic or commensal microorganisms are crucial for plants to respond to stress, particularly for alpine plants.

Carbon Dots Derived from Traditional Chinese Medicines with Bioactivities: A Rising Star in Clinical Treatment.

In the field of carbon nanomaterials, carbon dots (CDs) have become a preferable choice in biomedical applications. Based on the concept of green chemistry, CDs derived from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have attracted extensive attention, including TCM charcoal drugs, TCM extracts, and TCM small molecules. The design and preparation of CDs from TCMs (TCMs-CDs) can improve the inherent characteristics of TCMs, such as solubility, particle size distribution, and so on.

Two New Compounds from Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus and Their In Vitro Antioxidant Activities.

Two new compounds named 4,4'-bis(-D-glucopyranosyloxy)biphenyl () and spirostane-25(27)-en-2,3-diol-3---D-xylopyranosyl(1→3)--D-glucopyranosyl(1→4)--D-galactopyranoside () were isolated from n-butanol extraction part of 80% ethanol extract of Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus. Alongside these, ten known compounds () were also identified, including a flavonoid glycoside (), seven steroids (-), a nucleoside (), and a phenylpropanoid glycoside () were found. Notably, compounds - were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Natural carrier-free self-assembled diterpene nanoparticles with its efficient anti-inflammation through the inhibition of NF-κB pathway for accelerated wound healing.

Nanoscience has set off a wave in biomedicine to improve the performance of drugs in recent years, but additional materials are usually required for supramolecular nanoconstruction, undoubtedly increasing the health risks. Herein, we discovered a novel diterpene supramolecular self-assembly system without additional chemicals, Nepebracteatalic Acid nanoparticles (NA NPs), mediated through hydrogen bond, hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction. NA NPs performed sustained release behavior, lower expression levels for IL-6 and TNF-α than clinical anti-inflammatory drug Indometacin.

Daphnane-Type Diterpenes from and Their Antitumor Activity.

Four new daphnane-type diterpenes named tianchaterpenes C-F (-) and six known ones were isolated from . Their structures were elucidated based on chemical and spectral analyses. The comparisons of calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) methods were used to determine the absolute configurations of new compounds.

Abietane-Type Diterpenoids From Benth. and Their Anti-Inflammatory Activity.

Terpenes possess a wide range of structural features and pharmaceutical activities and are promising for drug candidates. With the aim to find bioactive terpene molecules, eight new compounds were isolated from the medicinal plant Benth., including seven new abietane-type diterpenoids , along with a new ursane-type triterpenoid .

Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Activities of Abietane Terpenoids from Benth.

Benth. is used clinically to treat tracheal inflammation, coughs, asthma, colds, fevers, adverse urination, and other symptoms, along with functions in clearing heat and removing dampness. However, there have been few studies characterizing the material basis of its efficacy.

Five New Meroterpenoids from the Fruiting Bodies of the Basidiomycete with Cytotoxic Activity.

Five new meroterpenoids, clavipols A-B (-) with a 12-membered ether ring and clavilactones G-I (-) having a 10-membered carbocycle connected to a hydroquinone and an α,β-epoxy/unsaturated lactone, were obtained from the fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete . Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, and the absolute configuration of was established by quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD). All the isolated compounds (-) were tested for their cytotoxic activity against three human tumor cell lines (Hela, SGC-7901, and SHG-44) in vitro after treatment for 48 h.

[Chemical constituents from green walnut husks and their antitumor activity in vitro].

Fourteen chemical constituents, including 5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-1-tetralone(1), 4,8-dihydroxy-1-tetralone(2), 4,5-dihydroxy-α-tetralone(3), blumenol B(4), dehydrovomifoliol(5), megastigm-5-ene-3,9-diol(6), juglanin B(7), blumenol C(8), loliolide(9), oleracone B(10), syringarsinol(11), pinoresinol(12), methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate(13), and isovanillic acid(14), were isolated from the dichloromethane fraction of 95% methanol extract of green walnut husks by silica gel and MCI column chromatography, and Pre-HPLC. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic methods, such as NMR, MS and so on. Among them, compounds 1, 4-6, 8-13 were isolated from the green walnut husks for the first time, and compounds 4-6, 8, 10, 12, 13 were isolated from the Juglans genus for the first time.

A Review on Daphnane-Type Diterpenoids and Their Bioactive Studies.

Natural daphnane diterpenoids, mainly distributed in plants of the and families, usually include a 5/7/6-tricyclic ring system with poly-hydroxyl groups located at C-3, C-4, C-5, C-9, C-13, C-14, or C-20, while some special types have a characteristic orthoester motif triaxially connectedat C-9, C-13, and C-14. The daphnane-type diterpenoids can be classified into five types: 6-epoxy daphnane diterpenoids, resiniferonoids, genkwanines, 1-alkyldaphnanes and rediocides, based on the oxygen-containing functions at rings B and C, as well as the substitution pattern of ring A. Up to now, nearly 200 daphnane-type diterpenoids have been isolated and elucidated from the and families.

Four New Sesquiterpenoids from the Roots of with Their Antineoplastic Activity.

Four new sesquiterpenoids, known as diarthronchas A⁻D (⁻), and one known daphnauranol B () were isolated from the methanol extract of the roots of . The compounds structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data. All of the isolated compounds were profiled for their antineoplastic activity.

NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways contribute to the protective effect of Licochalcone A on dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice.

Licochalcone A (Lico A) is a characteristic chalcone isolated from licorice root which is widely recognized in traditional Chinese medicine for the ability of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-parasitic and anti-cancer. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of Lico A on dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in a mouse model which was induced by administration of 3% DSS in drinking water. Mice were then treated with Lico A (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg, p.

[Chemical constituents from roots of Stelleropsis tianschanica].

The constituents from 95% ethanol extract of the roots of Stelleropsis tianschanica were purified by column chromatography techniques, leading to the isolation of 17 compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic dataas 5'-methoxy lariciresinol(1), pinoresinol(2), daphnoretin(3), acutissimalignan B(4),(+)-secoisolariciresinol(5),(+)-epipinoresinol(6), 7-methyi-daphnoretin(7), thero-8S-7-methoxysyringylglycerol(8), 1-O-methyl-guaiacylglycerol(9), 2R-22'-ferulic acid ester-2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester(10), vesiculosin(11), 4β,5βH-guai-9,7(11)-dien-12,8-olide-1α,8α-diol(12),(-)-nortrachelogenin(13), 4α,5βH-guai-9,7(11)-dien-12,8-olide-1α,8α-diol(14), matairesinol(15), lariciresinol(16)and isolariciresinol(17). Among them, compounds 1-13 wereobtained for the first time fromthe genus Stelleropsis.

Two new daphnane diterpenes from the roots of Stelleropsis tianschanica.

Two new daphnane diterpenes named tianchaterpenes A and B were isolated from the roots of Stelleropsis tianschanica. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR analyses and HRESIMS. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HeLa and HCT-8 cell lines.

Patterns and Environmental Determinants of Medicinal Plant : Vascular Plant Ratios in Xinjiang, Northwest China.

With both a full collection of native vascular plant distributions and a full checklist of source plants of the Chinese Materia Medica (CMM), the Uygur Medicine (UM), and the Kazak Medicine (KM) for the Xinjiang region, we defined medicinal plant: vascular plant ratios (simplified as medicinal plant ratios hereafter) as the value of medicinal plant richness divided by vascular plant richness. We aimed to find whether the ratios are constant or change in different environments, which environmental variables determine medicinal plant ratios, and whether the ratios are more influenced by human or by natural environments. Finally, suggestions for medicinal plant conservation were addressed.

Diarylpentanol constituents from the aerial part of Stelleropsis tianschanica.

Five diarylpentanol derivatives including two new compounds stellerasme A (1), stellerasme B (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Stelleropsis tianschanica. Their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, MS, CD, 1D and 2D NMR). All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity activity against HeLa and KB cell lines, and compound 1 showed selective activities against HeLa cell line with an IC50 value of 7.

Simultaneous Quantitative and Chemical Fingerprint Analysis of Receptaculum Nelumbinis Based on HPLC-DAD-MS Combined with Chemometrics.

A rapid and sensitive method based on HPLC-DAD-MS was developed for quantitative analysis of two flavonoids and chemical fingerprint analysis to evaluate the quality of Receptaculum Nelumbinis. The analysis was conducted on a Poroshell 120 C18 column (100 × 4.6 mm, 2.

Different Effects of Regional Species Pool on Plant Diversity between Forest and Grassland Biomes in Arid Northwest China.

Species pool hypothesis is broadly known and frequently tested in various regions and vegetation types. However it has not been tested in the arid Xinjiang region of China due to lack of data. Here with systematic data from references and field survey, we comprehensively examined species pool hypothesis in this region.

Systematic chemical analysis of flavonoids in the Nelumbinis stamen.

The stamen of lotus, known as Nelumbinis stamen, has been used as the folk medicine and functional food for a long time, which showed good activities of anti-ulcer, anti-thrombosis, analgesic, anti-diarrhea, strengthen uterine contraction. The bioactivities of Nelumbinis stamen were attributed to the existence of flavonoids, its characteristic chemical constituents. A reliable method for comprehensive chemical analysis of flavonoids in Nelumbinis stamen by HPLC-DAD-MS was developed for the first time.

Genus Kadsura, a good source with considerable characteristic chemical constituents and potential bioactivities.

In China, the plants of genus Kadsura had been used as the folk medicines for a long time and showed good effect of activating blood and dissolving stasis, promoting qi circulation to relieve pain, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness. The bioactivities of genus Kadsura were attributed to the existence of its characteristic chemical constituents. This review systematically summarized the traditional efficacy and medicinal application of genus Kadsura in China, chemical constituents and bioactivities of the plants of genus Kadsura.

[Speciation analysis of harmful elements in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Chrysanthemi Flos].

Objective: To investigate the state and distribution of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu in Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and Chrysanthemi Flos.

Method: The samples were prepared by modified Tessier sequential extraction; The elements of Cu, Pb, and Cd in the samples were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), while Hg, and As were analyzed by atomic fluorescence (AFS).

Result: Cu,Pb,Cd,Hg,As in Chrysanthemi Flos were 12.