ACSL5 promotes lipid deposition and lipoapoptosis in proximal tubular epithelial cells of diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Lipoapoptosis in Proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTCs) are substantial in the etiology of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), yet the underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation. Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 5 (ACSL5) facilitates the formation of acyl-CoA, however, the precise role of ACSL5 in lipoapoptosis of PTCs in DKD remains inconclusive.

Methods: Transcriptomic data analysis identified the hub gene Acsl5 associated with lipid metabolism in DKD.

Chrysotoxine regulates ferroptosis and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to prevent cervical cancer.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dendrobium (commonly known as Shihu in China), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb recognized in the Pharmacopoeia of China (2020 edition), boasts a rich history of medicinal application. Extensive research has been conducted on its Chinese medicinal prescription due to its demonstrated anti-tumour effects in clinical settings. Dendrobium is comprised of a diverse range of chemical compounds, notably the Bibenzyls, Erianin, and Gigantol, which have exhibited significant inhibitory and therapeutic effects on cervical cancer, thereby suggesting potential therapeutic value.

Bushen Huoxue acupuncture ameliorates Alzheimer's disease by upregulating MARCHF3 to induce NLRP3 ubiquitination and inhibit caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that places a heavy burden on patients and society. Hippocampal neuronal loss is a hallmark of AD progression. Therefore, understanding the mechanism underlying hippocampal neuronal death would be of great importance for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.

Fracture events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists in FDA adverse events reporting system.

Aims: Diabetes patients are at a higher risk of fractures, and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have been suggested to positively impact on bone metabolism. We aim to provide a comprehensive assessment of fracture events associated with GLP-1RAs based on pharmacovigilance data.

Methods: In this study, fracture-related adverse events (AEs) associated with GLP-1RAs and other commonly used glucose-lowering drugs were identified from Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database (2004-2022).

The impact of using ChatGPT on academic writing among medical undergraduates.

Background: ChatGPT is widely used for writing tasks, yet its effects on medical students' academic writing remain underexplored. This study aims to elucidate ChatGPT's impact on academic writing efficiency and quality among medical students, while also evaluating students' attitudes towards its use in academic writing.

Methods: We collected systematic reviews from 130 third-year medical students and administered a questionnaire to assess ChatGPT usage and student attitudes.

Subjective time dilation in abstinent patients with alcohol use disorder.

Introduction: Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) may have distortions in time perception. This study investigated subjective time dilation (the tendency to perceive a time interval longer than it is) and its association with craving and impulsivity in AUD.

Method: Thirty abstinent male inpatients with AUD (age 29-60 years) and thirty sex-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls completed a temporal generalization task, which assessed the preference (point of subjective equality, PSE) and sensitivity of time perception in the second range.

TNFα-reliant FSP1 up-regulation promotes intervertebral disc degeneration via caspase 3-dependent apoptosis.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common chronic inflammatory degenerative disease that causes lower back pain. However, the underlying mechanisms of IDD remain unclear. Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1 (FSP1) is a newly identified suppressor for ferroptosis.

Regional neural functional efficiency across schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder: a transdiagnostic resting-state fMRI study.

Background: Major psychiatric disorders (MPDs) are delineated by distinct clinical features. However, overlapping symptoms and transdiagnostic effectiveness of medications have challenged the traditional diagnostic categorisation. We investigate if there are shared and illness-specific disruptions in the regional functional efficiency (RFE) of the brain across these disorders.

Chronobiological and neuroendocrine insights into dry eye.

Dry eye, a prevalent ocular surface disease, is significantly influenced by modern lifestyle factors such as night-shift work and extended screen time. Emerging evidence suggests a strong correlation between disturbances in circadian rhythm, sleep disorders, and dry eye. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Burden of gastrointestinal cancers among adolescent and young adults in Asia-Pacific region: trends from 1990 to 2019 and future predictions to 2044.

Background: Gastrointestinal cancer is a significant cause of cancer incidence and mortality. Nevertheless, the epidemiology of the burden among adolescents and young adults (AYAs, aged 15-39 years) remains limited in the Asia-Pacific region, despite the region's significant population. This study aims to explore the gastrointestinal cancer burden among AYAs in the Asia-Pacific region for the year 2019, while also analysing trends from 1990 to 2019 and projecting future trends up to 2044.

The crosstalk between alternative splicing and circular RNA in cancer: pathogenic insights and therapeutic implications.

RNA splicing is a fundamental step of gene expression. While constitutive splicing removes introns and joins exons unbiasedly, alternative splicing (AS) selectively determines the assembly of exons and introns to generate RNA variants corresponding to the same transcript. The biogenesis of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is inextricably associated with AS.

PRDM16 suppresses ferroptosis to protect against sepsis-associated acute kidney injury by targeting the NRF2/GPX4 axis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) constitutes a significant public health issue. Sepsis accounts for over 50 % of AKI cases in the ICU. Recent findings from our research indicated that the PRD1-BF1-RIZ1 homeodomain protein 16 (PRDM16) inhibited the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).

Gut microbial and metabolomics profiles reveal the potential mechanism of fecal microbiota transplantation in modulating the progression of colitis-associated colorectal cancer in mice.

Purpose: Intestinal flora promotes the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) through microorganisms and their metabolites. This study aimed to investigate the composition of intestinal flora in different stages of CRC progression and the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on CRC mice.

Methods: The fecal microbiome from healthy volunteers (HC), colorectal adenoma (CRA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and CRC patients were analyzed by 16s rRNA gene sequencing.

Digital literacy as a catalyst for academic confidence: exploring the interplay between academic self-efficacy and academic procrastination among medical students.

Background: Digital literacy influences academic behaviors, especially in medical education, where students encounter considerable academic challenges. However, the effects of this phenomenon on academic self-efficacy and procrastination remain inadequately understood.

Objectives: This research explores the relationships between digital literacy and academic self-efficacy, emphasizing the mediating role of academic procrastination and its various dimensions among medical students.

Intracerebral haemorrhage - mechanisms, diagnosis and prospects for treatment and prevention.

Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is a devastating condition associated with high mortality and substantial residual disability among survivors. Effective treatments for the acute stages of ICH are limited. However, promising findings from randomized trials of therapeutic strategies, including acute care bundles that target anticoagulation therapies, blood pressure control and other physiological parameters, and trials of minimally invasive neurosurgical procedures have led to renewed optimism that patient outcomes can be improved.

Comprehensive assessment of cellular senescence in intestinal immunity and biologic therapy response in ulcerative colitis.

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation and immune dysregulation. Despite a clear association between cellular senescence and chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation, the mechanisms underlying cellular senescence in UC remain unclear. We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with cellular senescence in multiple UC datasets, performed immune infiltration analysis, and constructed clinical diagnostic models.

The association between eye movement characteristics and cognitive function in adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between eye movement characteristics and cognitive function in adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Method: EyeLink 1000 eye tracker was used to obtain eye movement data in free-viewing and smooth pursuit tasks. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney test were used for inter-group comparison of demographic and clinical data.

Multifunctional acyltransferase HBO1: a key regulatory factor for cellular functions.

HBO1, also known as KAT7 or MYST2, is a crucial histone acetyltransferase with diverse cellular functions. It typically forms complexes with protein subunits or cofactors such as MEAF6, ING4, or ING5, and JADE1/2/3 or BRPF1/2/3, where the BRPF or JADE proteins serve as the scaffold targeting histone H3 or H4, respectively. The histone acetylation mediated by HBO1 plays significant roles in DNA replication and gene expression regulation.

HO-1-mediated ferroptosis regulates retinal neovascularization via the COX2/VEGFA axis.

Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a key pathological process in many blinding disorders. This study aims to investigate the potential mechanisms of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on ferroptosis during RNV. Through bioinformatics analysis, differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes were identified in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mouse model.

Leveraging digital skills to reduce cognitive strain: Implications for academic self-efficacy in medical education.

Background: Digital literacy influences academic behaviors, especially in medical education, where students encounter considerable academic challenges. However, the effects of this phenomenon on academic self-efficacy and cognitive load remain inadequately understood.

Objectives: This research explores the relationships between digital literacy and academic self-efficacy, emphasizing the mediating role of cognitive load and its various dimensions among medical students in Islamabad, Pakistan.