Analysis of the structure and robustness of the global semiconductor trade network.

Amidst the global restructuring of the semiconductor supply chain, this paper constructs a global semiconductor trade network (2007, 2012, 2017, 2021) encompassing three segments (raw materials, equipment, and finished components), based on the CEPII database. After initially exploring trade flows among different regions, the paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the network's overall structure and the significance of its nodes. Furthermore, the evolution of the trade network's community structure is discussed and its robustness and dynamics over recent years are assessed through computer program simulation.

Increasing pesticide diversity impairs soil microbial functions.

Pesticide application is essential for stabilizing agricultural production. However, the effects of increasing pesticide diversity on soil microbial functions remain unclear, particularly under varying nitrogen (N) fertilizer management practices. In this study, we investigated the stochasticity of soil microbes and multitrophic networks through amplicon sequencing, assessed soil community functions related to carbon (C), N, phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) cycling, and characterized the dominant bacterial life history strategies via metagenomics along a gradient of increasing pesticide diversity under two N addition levels.

Safety and Vision Outcomes Following Gene Therapy for Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy: A Nonrandomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Bietti crystalline dystrophy (BCD) is a severe genetic retinopathy caused by variants in the CYP4V2 gene. Currently, there is no approved treatment for BCD.

Objective: To evaluate safety and vision outcomes following gene therapy with adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding CYP4V2 (rAAV-hCYP4V2, NGGT001 [Next Generation Gene Therapeutics]).

Thermo-responsive Fluorescent Nanopolymer Delivery Platform for Treatment of Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL).

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a highly aggressive diffuse malignant proliferative disease of the lymphatic system. Patients usually present with progressive lymph node enlargement and/or extra-lymph node lesions and require early treatment upon diagnosis. Most of the patients are in stage III or IV at the time of diagnosis and about 40% of the patients are difficult to cure.

Analytical derivative approaches for vibro-polaritonic structures and properties. I. Formalism and implementation.

Vibro-polaritons are hybrid light-matter states that arise from the strong coupling between the molecular vibrational transitions and the photons in an optical cavity. Developing theoretical and computational methods to describe and predict the unique properties of vibro-polaritons is of great significance for guiding the design of new materials and experiments. Here, we present the ab initio cavity Born-Oppenheimer density functional theory (CBO-DFT) and formulate the analytic energy gradient and Hessian as well as the nuclear and photonic derivatives of dipole and polarizability within the framework of CBO-DFT to efficiently calculate the harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared absorption, and Raman scattering spectra of vibro-polaritons as well as to explore the critical points on the cavity potential energy surface.

Shell Dependence of Highly Tunable Circular Dichroism in Chiral Hybrid Plasmonic Nanomaterials for Chiroptical Applications.

Chiral plasmonic nanomaterials with fascinating physical and chemical properties show emerging chirality-dependent applications in photonics, catalysis, and sensing. The capability to precisely manipulate the plasmonic chirality in a broad spectral range plays a crucial role in enabling the applications of chiral nanomaterials in diverse and complex scenarios; however, it remains a challenge yet to be addressed. Here we demonstrate a strategy to significantly enhance the tunability of circular dichroism (CD) spectra of chiral nanomaterials by constructing core-shell hybrid metal-semiconductor structures with tailored shells.

Risk factors of acute kidney injury, septic shock and acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with blood culture‑positive sepsis.

Sepsis, a condition characterized by a dysregulated host response to infection, can progress to septic shock and lead to various complications. The present study aimed to identify risk factors for the early clinical identification of sepsis patients at heightened risk of complications. In the present study, a total of 383 hospitalized patients with sepsis and positive blood cultures were enrolled.

Prognostic significance of MRD and its correlation with arsenic concentration in pediatric acute promyelocytic leukemia: a retrospective study by SCCLG-APL group.

Background: Treatment outcomes for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have improved with all-trans-retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide, yet relapse remains a concern, especially in pediatric patients. The prognostic value of minimal residual disease (MRD) post-induction and the impact of arsenic levels during induction on MRD are not fully understood.

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between post-induction MRD levels and relapse-free survival (RFS) in pediatric APL patients, and to investigate the correlation between blood arsenic concentration levels during induction therapy and MRD status.

Genetic Underpinnings of Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia.

Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (OAT) is a frequent but severe type of male infertility. As one of the most multifaceted male infertility resulting from sperm problems, its genetic etiology remains unknown in most cases. In this review, we systematically sort out the latest literature on clinical reports and animal models leading to OAT, summarise the expression profiles of causative genes for OAT, and highlight the important role of the protein transport system during spermiogenesis, spermatid cell-specific genes, Golgi and acrosome-related genes, manchette-related genes, HTCA-related genes, and axoneme-related genes in OAT development.

FAM49B drives colorectal cancer progression by stabilizing c-Myc through NEK9 phosphorylation.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer globally and is the second leading cause of cancer mortality. FAM49B, a member of the FAM49 gene family, is a recently identified, evolutionarily conserved gene. Emerging studies indicate that FAM49B plays a role in various cancers, though its specific mechanism in CRC remains largely unexplored.

Chemerin-9 is neuroprotective in APP/PS1 transgenic mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting microglial clearance of Aβ.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, and microglia are thought to play a central role in neuroinflammatory events occurring in AD. Chemerin, an adipokine, has been implicated in inflammatory diseases and central nervous system disorders, yet its precise function on microglial response in AD remains unknown.

Methods: The APP/PS1 mice were treated with different dosages of chemerin-9 (30 and 60 µg/kg), a bioactive nonapeptide derived from chemerin, every other day for 8 weeks consecutively.

Intestinal TM6SF2 protects against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis through the gut-liver axis.

Transmembrane-6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) regulates hepatic fat metabolism and is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). TM6SF2 genetic variants are associated with steatotic liver disease. The pathogenesis of MASH involves genetic factors and gut microbiota alteration, yet the role of host-microbe interactions in MASH development remains unclear.

MoS-confined Rh-Zn atomic pair boosts photo-driven methane carbonylation to acetic acid.

Direct carbonylation of CH to CHCOOH provides a promising pathway for upgrading of natural gas to transportable liquid chemicals, in which high-efficiency CH activation and controllable C-C coupling are both critical but challenging. Herein, we report that highly efficient photo-driven carbonylation of CH with CO and O to CHCOOH is achieved over MoS-confined Rh-Zn atomic-pair in conjunction with TiO. It delivers a high CHCOOH productivity of 152.

Trends in osteoporosis assessment, diagnosis after fragility fractures, and treatment for hospitalized patients with osteoporosis or fragility fractures between 2012 and 2021.

Unlabelled: Our study investigated trends in osteoporosis management in Xiamen from 2012 to 2021, revealing improvements in screening and treatment, although medication use remained low. Additionally, we identified factors that may influence medication use and emphasized the importance of effective osteoporosis management strategies.

Purpose: The goal of the current study is to explore trends in assessment, diagnosis after fragility fractures, and osteoporosis treatment among hospitalized patients in Xiamen, China, between 2012 and 2021.

Activation of the WNT4/ β-catenin/FOXO1 pathway by PDK1 promotes cervical cancer metastasis and EMT process.

Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the role of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-1 (PDK1) in cervical cancer (CC) by investigating its impact on cell proliferation, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) under hypoxic conditions.

Methods: PDK1-silenced CC cell lines were established using lentiviral shRNA technology. Cell migration and invasion were assessed through scratch and Transwell assays, respectively.

Effect of Maillard reaction on the allergenicity of crude extract of Mactra quadrangularis.

Food allergy incidents resulting from the consumption of Mactra quadrangularis is frequently reported. Investigating the impact of the Maillard reaction on the allergenicity of M. quadrangularis allergens is beneficial for the development of hypoallergenic mollusks aquatic products.

Antioxidant taurine inhibits chondrocyte ferroptosis through upregulation of OGT/Gpx4 signaling in osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms by which taurine protects against cartilage degeneration.

Methods: The anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) surgery was used to construct an animal model of osteoarthritis (OA). Metabolomics was used to identify characteristic metabolites in osteoarthritic chondrocytes.

Topographic Anatomy and Step-Wised Harvest of Intermuscular Occipital Artery in Far Lateral Approach.

Background: The occipital artery (OA) is an important donor artery for intracranial and extracranial bypass surgery, but its path is tortuous, making it difficult to harvest. Part of the traditional intermuscular OA is not covered by muscle and is easily damaged during surgery. Currently, there are few reports on how to protect this segment of the OA.

PdSe/NbSe Heterojunction Photodetector with Broadband Detection and Polarization Sensitivity.

Polarized photodetectors based on anisotropic two-dimensional (2D) materials display great potential applications in communications and optoelectronics. However, the existence of high dark current, low anisotropic ratio, and response speed limits their development. In this paper, a broadband polarization angle-dependent photodetector based on the PdSe/NbSe van der Waals (vdW) heterojunction has been constructed.

The Factors Influencing Early Ambulation in Patients With Gastrointestinal Neoplasms: A Mixed Study.

Background: Early ambulation helps improve postoperative recovery in gastrointestinal neoplasm patients. However, compliance with early ambulation remains low.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the influencing factors and experiences of early ambulation in gastrointestinal neoplasm patients and to provide suggestions for subsequent intervention programs.

Unraveling Spatial Heterogeneity in Mass Spectrometry Imaging Data with GraphMSI.

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) provides valuable insights into metabolic heterogeneity by capturing in situ molecular profiles within organisms. One challenge of MSI heterogeneity analysis is performing an objective segmentation to differentiate the biological tissue into distinct regions with unique characteristics. However, current methods struggle due to the insufficient incorporation of biological context and high computational demand.

Formation Dynamics of Thermally Stable 1D/3D Perovskite Interfaces for High-Performance Photovoltaics.

Direct understanding of the formation and crystallization of low-dimensional (LD) perovskites with varying dimensionalities employing the same bulky cations can offer insights into LD perovskites and their heterostructures with 3D perovskites. In this study, the secondary amine cation of N-methyl-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)methylammonium (M-NMA) and the formation dynamics of its corresponding LD perovskite are investigated. The intermolecular π-π stacking of M-NMA and their connection with inorganic PbI octahedrons within the product structures control the formation of LD perovskite.

Exploring genetic mapping and co-expression patterns to illuminate significance of Tbx20 in cardiac biology.

The transcription factor Tbx20 is integral to heart development and plays a significant role in various cardiac diseases. Despite its established importance, the regulatory mechanisms and functional significance of Tbx20 remain incompletely understood. To elucidate these mechanisms, we initially conducted eQTL mapping to identify genetic loci associated with Tbx20 expression in heart tissue from BXD mice.